View clinical trials related to Body Weight.
Filter by:The overall goal of this study is to determine the health benefits associated with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines physical activity prescription in healthy, peri-menopausal women. The 2005 Dietary Guidelines specifically state that to avoid unhealthy weight gain, adults should participate in 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity on most days of the week.
Evaluation of the response to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients by the use of Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the breast before the start of chemotherapy, after one and 3 cycles of therapy and at the end of the therapy.
High intake of insoluble fiber is strongly associated with a reduced incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events in prospective observation studies. Our primary objective is to compare a life style diabetes prevention program(PRAEDIAS) with and without added insoluble fibers in its effectiveness to prevent incident diabetes type 2 in high risk individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. Subjects with IGT not willing to participate in the intervention will be used as independent controls. Secondary aims are to identify mechanisms of action with regard to body composition, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of fibers. We propose a randomized, prospective intervention study. The results will be of general relevance for guidance of fiber intake in the population and will help the food industry to design healthy high fiber foods. Fiber can be added at low cost to numerous foods. Increased fiber intake may therefore provide a simple non-cognitive prevention strategy effective at the population level.
An increased body mass impairs vascular function (VF), an important characteristic of subjects suffering from type 2 diabetes and a risk marker for cardiovascular diseases. However, a wide variety of in vivo VF markers exists each measuring different aspects of VF. Each of these markers addresses a different aspect of the vasculature. Studies comparing under standardized conditions the differences and relationships of the many different VF measurements in lean and abdominally overweight / obese subjects are missing. Also, there is a great need to know which of these markers are sensitive to dietary challenges. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct an extensive study on dietary effects and interrelationships of a broad spectrum of VF measurements and plasma biomarkers in lean and overweight / obese subjects. Focus will be on FMD, a well accepted biomarker for cardiovascular disease. The investigators propose to examine, in a two-way parallel-randomized human intervention study, the effects of weight-loss in abdominally overweight / obese men on VF markers and plasma biomarkers related to low-grade inflammation and vascular activity during the fasting and both the postprandial and hyperinsulinemic state. Furthermore, differences - and relations between - VF measurements and plasma biomarkers will be compared cross-sectionally between lean and abdominally overweight / obese male subjects.
This study is designed to assess the effect of oligofructose administration for 12 weeks on Body Mass Index (BMI) of overweight and obese children.
Investigators presumed that preload consumers will have more weight reduction and lower risk of cardiovascular disease
The investigators will conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 levels of recommended exercise in initially overweight and obese sedentary men and women on the prevention of weight regain. Participants will complete a 3 mo. weight loss intervention of decreased energy intake (EI) and increased energy expenditure (100 minutes of physical activity per week). Participants achieving clinically significant weight loss (> 5% of initial weight), will be randomly assigned to 12 mos. of exercise at levels of energy expenditure of exercise (EEEx) recommended by Health and Human Services (HHS), American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM), Institute of Medicine (IOM): 150, 225, or 300 minutes per week. Major outcome assessments will occur prior to weight loss (-3 mos.), at completion of weight loss (0 mos.), at the midpoint (6 mos.), and completion of weight maintenance (12 mos.).
Rationale: The benefit-risk ratio of surgery following concomitant radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy remains to be defined in cervical squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) treatment. Scarce studies evaluated the interest of 18F-FDG-PET and MRI in the assessment of response to treatment before surgery. A positive predictive value of 75% was found in a small study making 18F-FDG-PET a promising tool to assess tumor response and guide surgical approach. Diffusion-weighted MRI was also described as an early and sensitive indicator in other diseases. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of 18F-FDG-PET in the assessment of cervical cancer response to radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy. Secondary objectives focus on 18F-FDG-PET specificity and likehood ratios as well as diffusion-weighted MRI diagnostic performances. Method: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 148 women with a stage IB to IIB2 cervical SCC recruited over 2.5 years in 24 centers in France. Each patient will undergo a 18F-FDG-PET and a diffusion-weighted MRI before surgery and 8 weeks after completion of the brachytherapy. The total follow-up duration (study participation) of patients will be 11 weeks : inclusion after completion of radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy, 8 weeks until 18F-FDG-PET and diffusion-weighted MRI, and 3 weeks until surgery. Expected results: 18F-FDG-PET and diffusion-weighted MRI could constitute a reliable tool to assess response to radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy in cervical SCC treatment. If so it could improve clinical practices and be helpful to decide whether the patient needs surgery or not after radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy.
Gastric restriction is an important principle of both roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. The FDA cleared OverStitch Endoscopic Suturing System (Apollo Endosurgery, Austin, TX) offers the physician the ability to restrict gastric size by approximating tissue endoluminally via an incisionless/per-oral approach. The use of this system has the potential to reduce the complications associated with current surgical approaches while effecting the desired gastric restriction. The primary objective is to collect data on the use of the OverStitch Endoscopic Suturing System (Apollo Endosurgery, Inc. Austin, Texas) for gastric tissue approximation during primary gastric restrictive procedures.
Investigators presumed that low energy density (LED) diet consumers will have lower risk of cardiovascular disease and are able to maintain their weight longer .