View clinical trials related to Behavior.
Filter by:Mistreatment, discrimination, and poor psycho-social support during childbirth at health facilities are common in lower- and middle-income countries. Despite a policy directive from the World Health Organisation (WHO), no operational model exists that effectively demonstrates incorporation of these guidelines in routine facility-based maternity services. This early-phase implementation research aims to develop, implement, and test the feasibility of a service-delivery strategy to promote the culture of supportive and dignified maternity care (SDMC) at public health facilities. Guided by human-centred design approach, the implementation of this study will be divided into two phases: development of intervention, and implementing and testing feasibility. The service-delivery intervention will be co-created along with relevant stakeholders and informed by contextual evidence that is generated through formative research. It will include capacity-building of maternity teams, and the improvement of governance and accountability mechanisms within public health facilities. The technical content will be primarily based on WHO's intrapartum care guidelines and mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) materials. A mixed-method, pre-post design will be used for feasibility assessment. The intervention will be implemented at six secondary-level healthcare facilities in two districts of southern Sindh, Pakistan. Data from multiple sources will be collected before, during and after the implementation of the intervention. We will assess the coverage of the intervention, understanding and attitude of maternity team, and implementation challenges faced. Additionally, we will also gather women's maternity experiences and psycho-social well-being that will also inform the success of the intervention. Evidence from this implementation research will enhance understanding of health systems challenges and opportunities around SDMC. A key output from this research will be the SDMC service-delivery package, comprising a comprehensive training package (on inclusive, supportive and dignified maternity care) and a field-tested strategy to ensure implementation of recommended practices in routine, facility-based maternity care. Adaptation, Implementation and evaluation of SDMC package in diverse setting will be way forward.
The study aims to investigate the effect of Philips Ambient Experience with specially designed paediatric content on the experience of pediatric patients undergoing an MRI examination, their caregiver, and clinical staff, on workflow and on clinical outcome. The designed paediatric content exists of personal selection of a character, video projection on the wall and/or a screen visible when in the bore, audio, and room ambience lighting. The study will be conducted in collaboration with six partner hospitals within the EU. At each hospital, 50 pediatric patients between 6 and 12 years old will be included in the study.
A multicentre observational study to validate the adaptation of the Pain Indicator Behavior Scale (ESCID) for patients with acquired Brain Damage (ESCID-DC), as a measuring instrument.
Physical activity has been described by the US federal government as a 'best buy' for public health. Unfortunately, most adults in the United States are not sufficiently active, and this worsens with age. Low levels of participation are driven by many challenging barriers, including lack of access, few opportunities for enjoyable activity, and few supportive social relationships, which is especially important given the central role of social connection for lasting behavior change. A half-century of research in behavioral sciences has generated effective group-based physical activity programs, but these are inaccessible to most as they are often delivered in a few select research centers. Recent advances in telehealth have offered media for extending these interventions more broadly, but the experience of such programs is often hampered by technology that does not allow for a sense of physical and social presence. Fortunately, uptake of virtual reality (VR) is increasing rapidly, and the medium has a high level of potential for advancing the delivery of immersive evidence-based group interventions to those that most need it. Thus our specific aims are: Specific aim 1: To test the feasibility and acceptability of a group-mediated physical activity intervention delivered fully via modern VR to older adults. Specific aim 2: To examine the impact of this program on overall physical activity among older adults compared to the current standard-of-care for telehealth: the video conference meeting platform.
Community participants will visit the neuroimaging facilities at CU Boulder for a single experimental session. In all studies, participants will complete pre-task questionnaires (trait measures), and a brief mood measure, followed by a task training in which a research assistant describes and gives examples of cognitive reappraisal in response to negative images. Then, participants complete an event-related, picture-based cognitive reappraisal task for 30-45 minutes, during which whole-brain BOLD signal will be collected. Following the task, participants will once again respond to a mood measure, and answer a series of questions regarding the task they have completed, including difficulty of regulation, or any images that were personally relevant. The researchers predict that the positive emotion induction will result in powerful effects on self-reported emotion which may or may not interact with the cognitive reappraisal condition. Participants will be trained to use reappraisal to increase positive emotion, and they will be asked to respond with the reappraisal tactic category that best fits the reappraisal they used for each image. The researchers predict greater use of future-focused tactics will be associated with greater reappraisal success, which in turn will result in greater recruitment of vmPFC and connectivity between vmPFC and other prefrontal regions.
Oral hygiene is one of the most accessible and well-known strategies for the prevention of dental caries. The benefits of this practice after tooth eruption are well established in the literature. Oral hygiene in newborns prior to tooth eruption is controversial, since there is a disagreement between the Dental and Pediatric Associations as to the optimal time to initiate oral hygiene in children and scientific studies in this regard have not yet been performed. Some of these associations recommend starting this practice from the eruption of the child's first tooth. Others recommend beginning the cleansing of the child's oral cavity from birth by cleaning the baby's gingival rollers and tongue. The aim of the present investigation will be to evaluate, through a randomized clinical trial, the influence of oral hygiene in newborns on Candida spp colonization. and on the child's behavior during oral hygiene after tooth eruption. Will be included in the study, pairs of mothers and babies born in the maternity of the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Saúde, in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This will be a rehearsal Randomized clinical trial in which newborns will be allocated into 2 groups, namely: - Newborns whose parents will receive guidelines for oral hygiene before tooth eruption (Group 1); - Newborns whose parents will receive instructions not to perform oral hygiene before tooth eruption (Group 2). The initial data collection will be performed one month after the child's birth and will include oral clinical examinations, saliva collection and questionnaires on the socio-environmental, economic and behavioral aspects of the child and his family. Initial oral clinical examinations will be performed to assess the presence of Candidiasis, and saliva collection will be performed to identify and quantification of Candida spp. These evaluations will be performed again every three months. From the eruption of the first deciduous tooth, the follow-up included an assessment of the baby's behavior during oral hygiene performed by the responsible. This evaluation will be made by the examiner using the Frankl scale and HBCD scale criteria. Statistical analysis will be performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science, version 23.0 and will include descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyzes.
The bedside use of ultrasound after central venous catheter (CVCs) insertion has lagged behind other applications in medicine, thus presenting an opportunity for innovative, evidence-based research that will influence clinician behavior. This research focuses on bedside ultrasound applications as an example, to evaluate clinical practice change. Chest radiographs are associated with delays in initiating time-critical interventions and present an unexamined opportunity for improving patient care by evaluating the use of ultrasound in lieu of chest radiographs after CVC insertion. Strategic interventions for implementation are needed to hasten the adoption of this clinical innovation (ultrasound guided CVC confirmation protocol) allowing them to de-implement chest xrays when no longer indicated.
The study is designed to test the hypothesis that long term memory created by preoperative video information can reduce the incidence of post operative behavioral changes.
Work-related stress is a problem due to its repercussions on workers' health and productivity, which is why workplace interventions are required to reduce stress levels through coping techniques. One of the interventions in mental health to reduce levels of work stress are those based on the Internet and mobile applications, with proven effectiveness. Among the interventions are cognitive-behavioral therapies and within these the Problem Solving Therapy (PST). Therefore, there is a need to study the effect of Problem Solving Therapy offered through a web platform on the levels of self-perceived stress. However, there have been no studies on mental health interventions such as the TSP for the reduction of stress levels in office workers. For this reason, the objective of the study is to determine, through a randomized cluster trial, the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy offered through a web platform on self-perceived stress levels. Two scales will measure the levels of stress; one for self-perceived stress and another for work-related stress. Workers who have a high score on both scales will be enrolled. The establishments assigned to the intervention will receive the TSP distributed in 4 sessions. The establishments in the control group would have access to a web page with information on stress management. Immediately after having finished the last session, self-perceived stress levels will be evaluated. One month later a new measurement will be made to evaluate the persistence of the effect.
Two randomised controlled trials will be conducted to evaluate a virtual reality (VR) simulation designed to reduce stigma against depression. Qualitative interviews will also be carried out to evaluate the VR simulation.