View clinical trials related to Bacterial Infections.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical response rates of doripenem versus a comparator antibiotic in treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections.
The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term safety of levofloxacin administered to children as therapy for acute bacterial infection.
The purpose of this study is to provide a mechanism for the emergency use of tigecycline in the appropriate clinical situations. The secondary objective is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tigecycline in the treatment of patients with selected serious infections where other treatment has not been successful.
The degree of TH1-skewing by mycobacteria is controlles by NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms and related to the degree of inhibition of TH2-mediated disease.
The purpose of this study is to determine what are the major types of bacteria that cause newborn infections in the community in rural Bangladesh and whether providing an obstetric and neonatal care package will reduce neonatal deaths by 40%.
To evaluate the changes in the microcirculation of the liver, kidney and spleen during acute infection in patients with malaria (cohorts 1 and 3) and other infectious diseases such as acute pyelonephritis at day 0 (within 8 hours of the treatment start), day 2 to 4 and day 28-32, using functional US with continuous infusion of a contrast agent (SonoVue, Bracco, Italy). Study hypothesis: malaria patients should exhibit a different pattern of enhancement, particularly when quantitative measurements of the SU signals is performed with destruction reperfusion kinetics.
Approximately one-third of neonatal deaths in developing countries are due to infections acquired through the birth canal and/or exposure to an unclean environment soon after birth. Current World Health Organization recommendations for the management of infants younger than 2 months of age who have serious bacterial infections involve hospitalization and parenteral therapy for at least 10 days with antibiotic regimens containing penicillin or ampicillin combined with an aminoglycoside.However, in many settings throughout the developing world, this is not currently possible, nor is this standard of care likely to be feasible in the near future. Several studies have reported that for a variety of sociocultural reasons many families are unable or unwilling to access hospital-based care and their sick young infants do not get hospitalized, and instead, receive a variety of home-based antibiotic therapies, or none at all. In our community field sites, approximately 70% of families refuse hospital referral for a sick newborn, despite provision of transport. Thus, there is an urgent need to define the role of community/first-level facility-based care versus hospitalization for the management of young infants with serious bacterial infections, and the potential for community-based parenteral antibiotics as an alternative strategy in resource poor areas with high neonatal mortality rates. Bang and colleagues have demonstrated significant reductions in neonatal mortality from infections in an underdeveloped rural district in Maharashtra, India by a field-based case management approach which used oral cotrimoxazole and intramuscular gentamicin given for 7 days as treatment for neonates with sepsis. This study is an equivalence randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing once daily IM ceftriaxone injection to once daily IM procaine penicillin and gentamicin injection, to once daily intramuscular gentamicin injection and twice daily oral cotrimoxazole, given for 7 days in babies with clinically-diagnosed possible serious bacterial infection (pneumonia, or sepsis with or without local infections such as skin or umbilical infections) whose families refused referral to a hospital. After supplementary informed consent, patients meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria are randomly allocated to one of the three regimens being tested. The study hypothesis is that all 3 regimens will perform equally well in the treatment of sepsis in a first-level facility setting.
The aims of this study are to: - Determine the risk factors for multidrug resistance in bloodstream isolates of Gram negative bacilli - Determine the mechanisms of multidrug resistance in bloodstream isolates of Gram negative bacilli - Determine the risk factors for failure of prompt clearance of the blood of Gram negative bacteria - Determine the survival of patients with Gram negative bacteremia - Determine if failure of prompt clearance of the blood of Gram negative bacteria is a predictor of mortality following this infection
The proposed endpoints of the study would be: comparative use of piperacillin versus broader spectrum agents (e.g., piperacillin/tazobactam, etc.) [measured as defined daily doses per 1000 patient days]; physician acceptance of piperacillin as part of a streamlining program [measured as successful occurrences of the use of piperacillin as streamlining therapy]; changes in susceptibility patterns of broad spectrum antibiotics [measured as % Gram negative bacilli susceptible to each of the commonly used broad spectrum antibiotics]; and outcome of patients treated with streamlined therapy.
Leukocyte depletion of autologous whole blood prior to storage does not reduce infection rate (wound, urinary tract, other), use of antibiotic treatment and length of hospital stay but may increase retransfusion perioperatively during hip arthroplasty and allogenic transfusion rate