View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
Filter by:Atherosclerotic plaque uptake of 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) in positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) was recently shown to correlate with clinical instability in patients with CV disease. We hypothesize that rosuvastatin reduces 18F-NaF plaque uptake. Our group will scan coronary, aortic and carotid arteries of high-risk CV subjects with 18F- NaF-PET-CT. Individuals with 18F-NaF-positive plaques will be treated with rosuvastatin for six months, followed by 18F-NaF-PET-CT re-evaluation.
Recent evidence indicates that Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a pro-atherosclerotic, phosphatidylcholine-dependent metabolite of diet and intestinal flora. Food substrates derive from carnitine and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), present mainly in eggs, red meat, liver and pork. The intestinal flora pattern that favors the formation of TMAO is very similar to that which predisposes to insulin resistance and obesity: a high proportion between phylum Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes. The intestinal microbiota is sensitive and variable; the use of prebiotics and probiotics can change the relationship between Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes phyla. Red wine (RW), for its composition with polyphenols and possible bactericidal role, may play a role in the intestinal flora modification and could promote proliferation of beneficial bacteria. However, the influence of RW on TMAO is not known. This is the hypothesis to be tested in this trial. METHODS: This is a prospective, crossover, randomized, controlled trial with patients from Heart Institute (InCor), FMUSP and volunteers recruited through press releases. We will evaluate 42 patients, all men, with established atherosclerotic disease. Patients will be evaluated in a crossed manner: each subject receives both treatments, intervention and control (in random order), and they will be divided into 2 groups: A and B. In the first intervention stage, after 2 weeks of washout for all patients , group A receives Red Wine (RW) and group B is the control, abstemious. In the 2nd stage of intervention, after 2 weeks of washout for all patients the groups are inverted: group B receives RW; and group A will be abstemious. In the period with wine intervention, patients will receive 250 mL/day of red wine per day, for 5 days of the week, for 3 weeks. Patients will maintain their usual diet without the use of prebiotics or probiotics, or other polyphenolic derivatives. At the beginning and at the end of each stage, patients will be submitted to serum TMAO and intestinal microbiota evaluation. For the intestinal microbiota evaluation, the new generation sequencing will be used in the highly preserved portion of the 16S subunit of the rRNA gene. The determination of TMAO in plasma will be by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Expected results: It is expected to determine if RW acts on the intestinal flora to the point of influencing plasma TMAO concentration.
This study will look at how chronic inflammation seen in psoriatic disease translates into the increased atherosclerotic and thrombotic risk and how treatment reduces this CVD risk. The Aim of this study is to 1) Evaluate the association between moderate to severe psoriatic disease and measures of vascular function. 2) Evaluate the association between moderate to severe psoriatic disease and measures of thrombotic risk. 3) Understand how traditional medications used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention such as aspirin and statins affect vascular function and thrombotic risk in those with moderate to severe psoriatic disease.
Background: Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) send genetic data from cell to cell. This is how they affect the way cells communicate with each other. There are many types of exRNA, and they each serve different roles. But they have also been linked to some diseases. Researchers want to measure exRNAs to see how they relate to certain traits over time. They will use blood samples that were taken as part of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). Objectives: To identify cross-sectional associations of exRNAs with age, sex, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Eligibility: People ages 30-70 who had blood taken as part of the FHS Third Generation cohort. Design: Researchers will study samples that have already been collected in the FHS. There will be no active participant contact for this project, only use of data that are collected as part of planned follow up from other studies. As part of the FHS, participants gave blood samples. They gave permission for the blood to be used for research. The exRNAs from the blood samples will be studied to see how they relate to certain traits. These include age, sex, and body mass index. The exRNAs will also be studied for their usefulness as biomarkers of risk for subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. No study participants will be contacted for this study....
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the Doctormate device, a specialized blood pressure cuff used to perform remote limb ischemic conditioning, on cerebral blood flow in subjects with intracranial atherosclerosis. Previous studies in patients with narrowing of the brain arteries have shown that this device is safe to use and suggested that if this device is inflated in both arms for 5 minutes, followed by deflation for 5 minutes and repeated 4 times in a row every day for 6-9 months, the risk of another stroke is lowered and the device may increase the blood flow to the brain.
Macrophages can exhibit distinct phenotypes and functions in response to stimuli and can polarize into one of three distinct phenotypes: a pro-inflammatory (M1), an anti-inflammatory pro-tissue (M2) and metabolically-activated (MMe) macrophage phenotypes. Thirty-six healthy volunteers were recruited and randomized into one of three macronutrient intake groups (glucose, lipids, proteins). This study measured the effects of macronutrient intake on the macrophage differentiation.
An observational pilot proof-of-principle study. 15 patients with significant coronary artery disease and 15 matched controls. To investigate whether long-term activation of the innate immune system, named 'trained innate immunity', occurs at the level of the bone marrow progenitor cells in patients with significant coronary artery disease and whether this correlates with the proinflammatory phenotype of monocytes.
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) contrast opacification gradients and FFR-CT estimation can aid in the severity estimation of significant atherosclerotic lesions. Currently, FFR-CT algorithms can only be optimized using theoretical models and can only be validated in large multi-center clinical trials. Using patient specific 3D printed coronary phantoms would allow optimization of FFR-CT algorithms with a measured validation technique without the need for large clinical trials. Thus the investigators believe that this study will result in a FFR-CT algorithm/method with a better predictability for arterial lesion severity than those existing on the market today. Flow measurements will be compared with: CT-FFR for both patients and phantoms, angio lab FFR measurements and 30 days follow-up. This pilot clinical study includes ~50 patients over a year and half at GVI.
The 'Long-term Follow-up Near-infrared Spectroscopy and Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis Treated With Stenting' trial is an academic research project. It follows already published results of a research on carotid plaque composition in patients undergoing carotid stenting. Patients who were treated with carotid stenting will be invited to participate on the trial. The written informed consent will be needed. The participants will undergo carotid angiography, intravascular near-infrared spectroscopy and intravascular ultrasound of the extracranial portion of the internal and common carotid artery with implanted stent. The aim of the trial is to describe long-term change of the luminal and stent dimensions, vessel wall remodeling and plaque composition after carotid stenting. The findings will help to understand the long-term effect of carotid stenting on the carotid stenosis and mechanisms of plaque stabilization - sealing with stent.
Coffee is one of the dietary factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) but its role in the cardiovascular system is not yet clear. Moreover, available evidence for the relation between coffee intake with subclinical atherosclerosis is limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between habitual coffee consumption and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis measured as coronary artery calcium (CAC) in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). This is a cross-sectional study based on baseline data from participants of the cohort ELSA-Brasil. In this analysis, only participants living in São Paulo with no prior history of CVD aged 35 to 74 years who underwent a CAC measurement (n=4,426) were included. Dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Coronary calcification was detected with computed tomographic and it was expressed as Agatston units. CAC was further categorized as 0 or >0, and <100 or ≥100.