Wounds and Injuries Clinical Trial
Official title:
Perception of Musculoskeletal Injury in Professional Dancers, an International Comparison
The annual frequency of injury among dancers has been reported to range between 23-84% while as many as 95% of professional dancers have ongoing pain. The discrepancy between the number of reported injuries and the amount of pain reported at any given time could be related to the definition of injury, or how dancers' themselves perceive injury with respect to pain and activity limitation thresholds. For many reasons, dancers may be dancing through or past what health care providers may conceive as injury. This can put them at risk of further or chronic injury. The purpose of this study is to understand at which point pain limits a dancer's ability to continue to perform and whether this is influenced by available medical services, a supportive dance environment, or other factors. In addition, the issue of non-reporting of injuries will be studied. This is very important as this will affect all measures of injury frequency and risk for dancers.
Brief Rationale and Objective:
The annual frequency of injury among dancers has been reported to range between 23-84% while
as many as 95% of professional dancers have ongoing pain. The discrepancy between the number
of reported injuries and the amount of pain reported at any given time could be related to
the definition of injury, or how dancers' themselves perceive injury with respect to pain
and activity limitation thresholds. For many reasons, dancers may be dancing through or past
what health care providers may conceive as injury. This can put them at risk of future
recurrent or chronic injury. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into professional
dancers' perception of musculoskeletal (MSK) injury in order to understand at which point
pain limits a dancer's ability to continue to perform and to determine what factors
influence a dancer's perception of injury and decision to seek or not seek care. We will
investigate whether this is influenced by available medical services, a supportive dance
environment, or other factors. In addition, the issue of non-reporting of injuries will be
studied. This is very important because it affects all measures of injury frequency and risk
for dancers.
Research Questions:
The purpose of this study will be to answer the following questions: 1) What is the
prevalence of MSK injury-related pain in the dance company? 2) What are the pain and
activity limitation thresholds for a dancer to consider him/herself injured? 3) What factors
are associated with considering him/herself injured? 4) What constitutes a major or a minor
injury to a dancer? 5) How are dancers reporting their injuries? 6) How many dancers are not
reporting their injuries and what are the reasons? 7) Do the answers to the above questions
differ between countries (Canada, Israel, Sweden, Denmark) that have varying levels of
social and medical support for dancers?
Design and Methodology:
Design: Cross-sectional survey. Study Population: All dancers employed by: The National
Ballet of Canada, Toronto Dance Theatre, Batsheva Dance Company and Ensemble (Israel), The
Kibbutz Contemporary Dance Company (Israel), the Royal Swedish Ballet (Sweden), and the
Royal Danish Ballet (Denmark). Total approximate number of participants is 294. Methods: Two
questionnaires will be distributed to participants. The Self-Estimated Functional Inability
because of Pain (SEFIP) questionnaire is a validated tool for dancers which has shown good
agreement with actual pain found on physical examination. The SEFIP will be used in order to
measure pain and functional deficits. An additional questionnaire will be used to gain
further information regarding the above research questions. There will be an area for the
dancers to include any additional comments in relation to these subjects in order to capture
further qualitative data. Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics will be reported in the form
of percentages and means with standard deviations. Non-parametric tests will be used to
analyze categorical variables. 95% confidence intervals will be reported for each analysis.
The qualitative data captured in the open-ended questions will be analyzed for common themes
in order to provide further explanation for the quantitative data as well as to provide
additional information for further research.
Significance:
A recent systematic review of the dance injury literature stressed the necessity of a
standardized definition of injury for future research studies involving dancers. This study
will attempt to address the dancer's perspective in regards to perception of injury. We
believe this international study will provide insight into the frequency and reporting of
dance-related pain and some potential factors that influence this. Ultimately, we hope to
improve the health-related quality of life for dancers with musculoskeletal injury.
;
Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
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