View clinical trials related to West Nile Virus.
Filter by:In August 2020, West Nile Virus (WNV) was isolated from a live common whitethroat for the first time in The Netherlands. Follow-up sampling showed that the virus could also be detected in mosquitos from the same location during at least a whole month of sampling. On 15 October 2020, one case of West Nile virus infection has been reported in a man who was likely infected in the Utrecht region. This is the first time that a locally acquired human case of WNV infection has been reported in The Netherlands. Six additional cases have been identified, one of which from the region Arnhem. West Nile virus infection is a mosquito-borne zoonosis. The disease, which has spread across the Northern Hemisphere in the past three decades, is now found on an annual basis in many European countries where the centre of gravity lies in Southern-European countries. Recently, WNV was reported for the first time in Germany. The virus is transmitted among birds through the bite of infected mosquitoes and incidentally infects humans and other mammals, such as horses. Around 80% of human WNV infections are asymptomatic. The most common clinical presentation is West Nile fever but, older people and immunocompromised persons are at higher risk of developing neuro-invasive disorders (West Nile neuroinvasive disease). Currently, there are no prophylaxis or specific treatment against the disease in humans. In addition, Usutu virus (USUV) was detected in The Netherlands in 2016. USUV is another flavivirus, related to WNV, and also capable of infecting humans. Disease associated with USUV infection in humans appears to be milder and only limited number of cases have been identified. During their bird catching activities, bird ringers are intensively exposed to mosquito bites at the natural habitat of the birds and at the same time of the day when mosquitoes are particularly active. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the prevalence of WNV and USUV serum antibodies in bird ringers in The Netherlands.
The investigator hypothesizes that oxidative stress responses to West Nile virus infection in the central nervous system determine the severity of infection and the long-term neurological, neuropsychological and functional sequelae of West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease.
West Nile virus (WNV) is considered an emerging virus in the United States, and infection can lead to severe illness in older adults. This study will evaluate the safety of and immune response to a live West Nile virus vaccine (WN/DEN4Δ30) for the prevention of West Nile encephalitis in adults 50 to 65 years old.
The primary purpose of this phase 1, double-blind, cohort study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of escalating doses of MGAWN1 administered as a single intravenous (IV) infusion to healthy adults. Subjects will be enrolled sequentially into one of 5 dose-level cohorts, with 8 subjects in each cohort. Six subjects in each cohort will receive MGAWN1 (a Neutralizing, Humanized, Monoclonal Antibody (IgG1k) to West Nile Virus) and 2 will receive a saline control.
During a clinical study of people with severe West Nile virus infections, it was determined that the drug AVI-4020 crossed the blood-brain barrier. This study will assess the amount of drug that goes across the blood-brain barrier and the drug levels measured in both the blood and urine. The objective of this study is to find out how much and how fast this drug crosses this barrier.
West Nile Virus causes an infection that is spread to humans when bitten by certain types of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes become infected by biting infected birds. The purpose of this study is to find out more about West Nile Virus, which may assist in the design of better treatments. The study will be looking at the effects of the disease on individuals, specifically their nervous systems, and the outcomes of the disease. Study participants will include 120 adults ages 18 and older, who have either a fever and/or changes in their neurological (involving the brain and nervous system) status due to documented West Nile Virus infection. Study procedures will include physical examinations, blood tests, urine tests, cerebral spinal fluid (fluid in and around the brain and spinal cord) tests, and neurological (nervous system) testing. Study participants will be followed for 12 months.
To conduct epidemiological, laboratory, and survey research on volunteer blood donors within the United States to ensure the safety and availability of the United States' blood supply.
Investigators will assess whether Omr-IgG-am(Trademark), an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) containing antibodies specific for West Nile virus (WNV), is safe and well-tolerated in patients with suspected or laboratory diagnosed WNV disease. An initial estimation of efficacy will also be made. This Phase I/II study will enroll hospitalized adults with a presumptive diagnosis of West Nile encephalitis and/or myelitis or those with a positive laboratory test for diagnosis of WNV infection who are at high risk for progressing to severe neurologic disease based on age or immunosuppression. Patients will be randomized in blocks of five to receive either Omr-IgG-am(Trademark), Polygam(Registered Trademark) S/D (IVIG containing minimal anti-WNV antibodies) or normal saline in a ratio of 3:1:1. Patients and investigators will be blinded to treatment assignments. Patients will receive a single intravenous dose of study medication or one of two placebos. The study participants will receive 0.5 grams/kg of Omr-IgG-am(Trademark) or Polygam(Registered Trademark) S/D or a comparable volume of normal saline. All patients will be followed for safety, natural history endpoints, and efficacy. A subset of patients will have pharmacokinetic measurements of specific anti- WNV antibodies assessed following treatment. The primary endpoints are safety and tolerability following Omr-IgG-am(Trademark) administration. Secondary endpoints include pharmacokinetics of specific anti-WNV antibodies, mortality in confirmed WNV positive patients, and the combination of mortality and functional status at three months in both confirmed WNV-infected patients and all patients by intention to treat. This combined endpoint will be measured using four standardized measures of cognitive and functional status: the Barthel Index; the Modified Rankin Scale; the Glasgow Outcome Score; and the Modified Mini-Mental Status Examination. A comparison of outcomes will be made for the group receiving Omr-IgG-am(Trademark) versus those receiving either placebo, and between the two placebo groups. Other secondary endpoints include the proportion of patients in each group returning to pre-morbid baseline and each subject's improvement at 3 months as compared to that subject's worst (of any previous) evaluation. Natural history endpoints will also be assessed. They will include the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, development and persistence of WNV-specific IgG and IgM antibodies, combined functional score and mortality at 3 months between the group with encephalitis and/or myelitis at baseline versus the group with a positive WNV test only, outcomes in patients treated late in coma and correlation of outcome with time-to-treatment following symptom onset.
This study will examine how West Nile virus (WNV) infection affects the body. Some people infected with WNV have no symptoms. In others, symptoms may vary from fever and headache to a polio-like syndrome with paralysis, to coma and brain changes like those of a stroke. Many patients recover with no lasting effects, while a few can have long-lasting neurological damage or may die. This study will collect clinical, laboratory, diagnostic, and radiographic information on people thought to have WNV to better understand the disease. Patients 18 years of age and older diagnosed with or suspected of having West Nile virus infection may be eligible for this study. Patients will be hospitalized until they are well enough to go home and will undergo the following tests and procedures: - Medical history and physical examination: A thorough history and physical examination will be done on the first day of the study. Then, brief physical exams, including measures of blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and temperature, will be done during each day of hospitalization and at every follow-up clinic visit (at 2 weeks and at 1, 3, and 6 months). - Blood tests: Blood samples will be collected on the first day of the study, at day 7, at hospital discharge, and at follow-up visits to determine if virus remains in the blood and how it is affecting the body. - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): MRI scans will be done within 72 hours of beginning the study and 1 month after that. This test uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce images of the brain that might show abnormalities in the brains of patients with WNV and reveal whether the abnormalities can predict how an individual will recover. For the procedure, the patient lies on a table that is moved into the narrow tunnel-like scanner. During the procedure, a contrast agent that brightens the images is injected through a catheter placed in an arm vein. - Neurological examination and neurological function tests: Participants will be tested to see if the West Nile virus has affected their thinking and ability to perform normal daily activities. These tests will be done at the start of the study, on days 3 and 7 (also days 2, 4, 5, and 6 if patients are still in the hospital), at discharge, and at follow-up visits. The tests involve answering a number of questions and performing simple tasks, such as squeezing a hand or lifting a foot. - Patients who develop weakness in their arms or legs will also have the following studies: 1. Electromyography (EMG) to study the electrical activity of the muscle. For this test, needles are placed into a muscle to record the electrical activity at that site. 2. Nerve conduction studies to measure how well the nerves are working. A small charge of electricity is delivered to a nerve in the affected limb, triggering a muscle to tighten or bend. Small wire electrodes are attached to the skin to measure the time is takes for the nerve to move the electrical current from one part of the limb to another. 3. Spinal MRI to see if the virus is affecting the spinal cord. Results of other tests done by the patient's local doctor (such as lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram, x-rays, etc.) will be requested. If a lumbar puncture is done, a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid will be requested for testing for WNV.
This study will look at the safety and effectiveness of an experimental medication containing antibodies (Omr-IgG-am™) in people with West Nile Virus (WNV) who already have brain and/or spinal cord inflammation or who are at high risk of developing these problems because they have weak immune systems. WNV can cause problems such as headaches, fever, muscle weakness, coma, and death. Study investigators believe people who are not able to fight infection well may be at risk for developing neurologic problems (having to do with the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles) if they get WNV infection. Up to 110 subjects, 18 years or older, will participate for about 3 months and will receive either Omr-IgG-am™, Polygam® S/D, or placebo given through a small tube placed in a blood vessel in the arm. Hospitalization, up to 5 additional study visits, blood sample collection, MRI pictures of the brain and spinal cord, and neurological, muscle, and heart activity tests are also required.