View clinical trials related to Trained Immunity.
Filter by:Statin treatment significantly reduces the incidence of cardiovascular events. However, cholesterol variability is associated with the risk of adverse events such as mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The previous research found that the inflammatory activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in mice fed with intermittent high-fat diet was significantly increased, and the cholesterol variability had an impact on the trained immunity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, thus aggravating the atherosclerosis in mice. We plan to compare the differences in serum LDL-C levels after intermittent atorvastatin treatment and continuous atorvastatin treatment, and investigate the impact of this difference on the trained immunity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Non-specific protective effects resulting from the BCG vaccine appear to be paternally inheritable. Since the BCG vaccine is known to induce trained immunity, epigenetics might explain the fathers' contribution to the immune profile of their offspring. Epigenetic inheritance in mice has recently been demonstrated, but is not established in humans yet. By studying the DNA methylation profile of sperm cells after BCG vaccination, we aim to gain insight into the possibility of epigenetic inheritance in human males.
Background: Investigators at Bandim Health Project (BHP, www.bandim.org) in Guinea-Bissau have shown in several randomized trials that the Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) is associated with reduced mortality in the first months of life. BCG is a live attenuated vaccine, which means that it consists of active tuberculosis bacteria that are not capable of infecting a human with TB. BCG has been grown and maintained at many different laboratories all over the world using slightly different laboratory techniques. Due to the accumulation of genetic mutations in the different BCG strains, many variants of the vaccine exists today. These have different properties when it comes to immune response, side effects, protection against TB and scar formation. The BCG scar status after vaccination is a good marker for the non-specific effects of the vaccine; among BCG-vaccinated infants, those with a BCG scar have improved survival. The investigators hypothesize that the different types of BCG vary in terms of the strength of the non-specific effects and thus the impact on overall morbidity and mortality. In the trial, the investigators will compare the two most widely used BCG strains in the world, BCG-Russia and BCG-Japan, with respect to their non-specific effects on morbidity and mortality. As an addition, the investigators will study the effect of maternal BCG vaccination on the subsequent effect of BCG-vaccination in the offspring, since there are indications that the maternal BCG scar status primes for a stronger non-specific response in the offspring.
In the present study, the investigators want to investigate whether prior BCG-vaccination improves the efficacy of influenza ("the flu") vaccination in young and/or old healthy volunteers and consequently could protect against influenza virus infection.