View clinical trials related to Substance Abuse.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of prize contingency management (CM) in enhancing attendance, reducing drug use, and improving health among clients attending two HIV drop-in centers. Specifically, 172 clients are randomly assigned to one of two 6-month treatment conditions: standard 12-step oriented group treatment, or CM group treatment. In the CM group, clients earn the chance to win prizes for submitting clean urine specimens and for complying with steps toward their treatment goals. Activities related to improving health will be emphasized, such as attending medical appointments, recording daily medication consumption, getting prescriptions filled, and attending medication adherence support groups. Group attendance, drug use, medical problems, services received, and risky drug use and sexual behaviors will be measured pre-treatment and at months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a lower-cost contingency management (CM) procedure in Hispanic substance abusing outpatients. Thirty individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence receive one of two conditions: (a) standard treatment, or (b) standard treatment plus prize CM. Using a cross-over design, CM is implemented in a community-based outpatient clinic and compared with non-CM in the same clinic. The participating clinic is randomly assigned to receive either the CM or non-CM phase first; 15 weeks after the final participant in one phase is enrolled, a one-week washout period occurs, followed by a switch to the other phase. Patients initiating outpatient treatment during the non-CM phase receive standard treatment and submit urine and breath samples 2/week during Weeks 1-6 and 1/week during Weeks 7-12. Patients initiating treatment during the CM phase also receive standard treatment and the same breath and urine monitoring. In addition, they earn the opportunity to win prizes for coming to treatment and for submitting negative breath and urine samples. Follow-up interviews are conducted at 1,3,6 and 9 months following intake during which substance use and psychosocial functioning are assessed.
The purpose of this study is to compare voucher-based contingency management (CM) procedures to a lower-cost CM system that provides opportunities to win prizes. Cocaine-dependent outpatients are randomly assigned to (a) standard treatment, (b) standard treatment plus voucher CM for abstinence, defined by negative breath and urinalysis test results, or (c) standard treatment plus prize CM for abstinence, defined by negative breath and urinalysis test results. Urine and breath samples are collected 3x/week during Weeks 1-3, 2x/week during Weeks 4-6 and 1x/week during Weeks 7-12. Follow-up interviews are conducted 1,3,6 and 9 months following intake during which substance use and psychosocial functioning are assessed.
The purpose of this study is to train therapists to administer contingency management (CM). This project will train up to 42 community-based treatment providers about the rationale for and the specifics of administering CM. Initial training will occur in 2-day workshops, followed by weekly supervision in delivery of CM with test cases. We expect that the majority of therapists will achieve high levels of competence and adherence in administering CM treatment within 3-5 test cases, as measured by ratings of audiotapes. To examine the efficacy of CM, each therapist who achieves adherence and competence in delivering CM will administer standard treatment alone or standard treatment plus CM to substance-abusing outpatients. In the CM condition, patients will have the opportunity to win prizes for submission of negative samples, and the treatment will be in effect for 12 weeks. In total, up to 200 patients will be randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. A research evaluator will conduct follow-up assessments, scheduled for 3, 6 and 9 months after treatment initiation.
This investigation seeks to better define the genetic basis for vulnerability to substance abuse.
The proposed study will evaluate the clinical effectiveness of integrating mindfulness-based skills training into a standardized brief group intervention for youth (ages 16 to 24) identified as having problematic substance use. Forty youth (N = 20 per group) will be randomized to one of two treatment conditions: 1) a standardized 4-week brief treatment for problematic substance use (treatment as usual; TAU) or 2) standardized brief treatment (TAU) augmented with a mindfulness skills training component based primarily on the mindfulness module described in Linehan's (1993b) Dialectical Behavior Therapy skills group training. It is expected that, compared to the TAU, the mindfulness-based group plus TAU will produce superior outcomes on the following primary outcome measures: number of substance use days, confidence to resist urges to use substances, and mindfulness skills. Secondary outcomes that will be examined include severity of consequences of use, general psychiatric symptoms, self-compassion, emotion dysregulation, and transfer to further treatment.
The purpose of this research is to determine if pregnenolone supplement is associated with a reduction in substance use and craving in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder and substance abuse/dependence. This research also wants to explore if pregnenolone supplements are associated with improvement in psychiatric symptoms and memory, which are often negatively affected in these patients. It is hypothesized that patients receiving pregnenolone supplements would show greater improvements in mood symptoms and memory, and crave substances less than the patients receiving placebo.
The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether Depakote ER (Divalproex ER) has efficacy in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder in the manic phase, who also have comorbid substance abuse diagnoses. It is proposed that Depakote ER will decrease scores on the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Substance Abuse Time Line Follow Back.
It is hypothesized that the use of aripiprazole (Abilify) in patients with alcohol and/or drug dependence with comorbid psychiatric conditions will lead to: - Reduction in the amount of alcohol and/or drugs used as measured by the Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) - Reduction in cravings for alcohol and drugs as measured by the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale - Reduction in symptoms of co-morbid psychiatric disorders compared to before starting aripiprazole.
It is hypothesized that the atypical antipsychotic, Seroquel, will cause significant reduction in drug and alcohol cravings in patients with schizophrenia and comorbid cocaine and/methamphetamine dependence compared to the atypical antipsychotic, risperidone (Risperdal). Patients treated with Seroquel will have less use of cocaine and/or methamphetamine as measured by the Time Line Follow-back, over a 24-week follow-up period.