View clinical trials related to Smoking.
Filter by:The study will examine the effectiveness of public health dental practitioners using a brief office based intervention designed to help patients quit smoking or smokeless tobacco use, as compared to usual care.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate endothelial function and autonomic regulation (for example, heart rate and blood pressure) in smokers before and after short-term smoking cessation. The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels. The endothelium releases nitric oxide, which promotes dilation of the blood vessels and inhibits inflammation. Previous studies have shown that tobacco use is associated with endothelial dysfunction, and tobacco use increases heart rate and blood pressure. We hypothesize that 2 weeks of smoking cessation will improve endothelial function. We will also determine if endothelial function and autonomic regulation after short-term smoking cessation differs for patients that achieve abstinence with the smoking cessation agent varenicline compared to placebo.
The broad objective of this proposal is to identify functional neuroanatomical correlates of impairments in response inhibition during smoking abstinence. We will measure changes in performance and regional blood oxygenation levels using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)while smokers complete tasks designed to assess decision making and response inhibition. Our primary hypothesis is that smoking abstinence will result in impaired response inhibition accompanied by decreases in blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal in brain regions associated with these cognitive processes including frontal cortex and the ventral striatum. Abstinence may also result in performance-related increases in activation in brain regions associated with effortful processing including the anterior cingulate cortex in effort to compensate for deficits in other regions.
This randomized trial compared the effectiveness of a three session pharmacist-delivered group program for smoking versus one 5 to 10 minute standard care session delivered over the telephone on 7-day point prevalence quit rates. Participants in both groups were offered their choice of bupropion IR or nicotine patch at no cost. At 6 months after the established quit date, self-reported cessation was biochemically verified using tests for urinary cotinine.
Aim: to assess relative effectiveness of a high and a low intensity intervention for smoking cessation support in a dental clinic setting. Method: 300 smokers were randomly assigned to support with either low (LTI) or high treatment intensity (HTI). Main outcome measures were self-reported point-prevalence and continuous abstinence (≥183 days).
The purpose of this study is to develop an evidence-based Tobacco Tactics website tailored to veterans based on an intervention tested in the VA.
Objectives: - To evaluate neural correlates associated with emotional processing during nicotine withdrawal preferentially involving the amygdala and associated areas within the corticolimbic and mesolimbic circuitry. We hypothesize that relative to a pre-quit baseline, post-quit nicotine withdrawal will result in increased activity to negative emotional cues, in contrast to other cues, in one or more areas of interest, and particularly in the right cerebral hemisphere. - To determine if bupropion and varenicline moderate patterns of brain activation during post-quit nicotine withdrawal. We hypothesize that relative to placebo, bupropion and varenicline will attenuate the effects of post-quit nicotine withdrawal on emotional processing, reducing activation to negative emotional cues, relative to other cues, in one or more areas of interest, and particularly in the right cerebral hemisphere. - To determine if genotype (DRD2 TaqA2 allele and the ins variant of the -141C ins/del DRD2) moderates patterns of brain activation during post-quit nicotine withdrawal.
The study was performed to investigate the effects of the consumption of black currant seed press residues, which were baked into bread.
A single center, double blind, randomized, placebo controlled, two-treatments, two-period crossover study conducted in adult smokers.
The purpose of this study is to replicate a longitudinal evaluation of Project ALERT, a substance abuse prevention program that targets middle school students.