View clinical trials related to Smoking.
Filter by:This study aimed to investigate the effect of smoking and non-surgical periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid CyPA and EMMPRIN levels in patients with periodontitis. Twenty-eight patients with periodontitis (14 non-smoker and 14 smoker) and 30 control subjects (15 non-smoker and 15 smoker) were included into the study. Non-surgical periodontal treatment was applied to all periodontitis patients. Periodontal parameters and GCF CyPA and EMMPRIN levels were evaluated during 3 months following non-surgical periodontal treatment. GCF CyPA and EMMPRIN levels were analyzed by ELISA.
School-based smoking cessation programmes stretched longer than a year had 12% reduction in preventing smoking uptake. With regards to smoking intervention programme among adolescents, there is a lack of evidences regarding its long-term effectiveness. This was due to lack of clear guidelines, methodological issues and the fact that adolescents were likely to be sporadic or non-daily smoker, leading to discrepancies in their self-reported claim. Adolescent's smoking relapse rate was at 47% while those who never smoke have a 13% chance to become smoker. Light and regular smokers have 30% and 75% chance becoming an adult smoker respectively. A review paper in smoking research in Malaysia showed that the provision of anti-smoking education in school was associated with reduced susceptibility in female smoking.Male students perceived printable media, radio and the Internet as effective in delivering anti-smoking messages.School-based smoking cessation programme has been shown to be cost-effective in helping the students to quit smoking both in developed and developing countries.For this reason, it is essential to explore what are the factors that amplify the success rate of smoking cessation effect of the KOTAK programme.
This is a single site, open-label, randomized, cross-over study designed to evaluate elements of abuse liability (AL) including subjective effects and physiological measures (pharmacodynamics [PD]) and plasma nicotine uptake (pharmacokinetics [PK]) during and following ad libitum use of the study investigational products (IPs) by generally healthy subjects.
A novel type of non-cigarette tobacco product was recently approved for sale in the US, the heated tobacco product (HTP) IQOS. IQOS may be less harmful than cigarettes, and there are some reports that it may produce more rewarding subjective effects compared to e-cigarettes. The approval of IQOS provides a unique opportunity to gather preliminary data surrounding IQOS. The goal of this pilot study is to assess the subjective effects and relative reinforcement value of IQOS, including its downstream effects on cigarette smoking. Current smokers will complete a one-week baseline period where they smoke as normal before attending an in-person lab visit. During the in-person lab visit, participants (n=10) will sample a traditional cigarette and a novel IQOS tobacco product. Participants will answer questionnaires about each product they sample and then complete a preference assessment in which they choose between the IQOS and their own cigarette. Finally, participants will take home a tobacco product they sampled to use ad libitum (1-week sampling). During the at-home baseline and sampling weeks, participants will complete electronic daily diaries cataloging their tobacco use. Biomarkers (i.e., expired carbon monoxide, cotinine) will corroborate self-reported indices of use.
There are studies investigating the dimensional changes following free gingival graft (FGG) around teeth with inadequate attached gingiva, however no study investigating the effect of smoking on dimensional changes following FGG around dental implants exists. In the present study, we hypothesized that smoking might increase the dimensional change of FGG around dental implants and affect the healing of donor site.
The goal of this study is to develop, refine, and complete preliminary feasibility testing of a smoking cessation electronic visit (e-visit) for implementation in primary care/family medicine. The investigators will conduct a feasibility RCT (N=51) of the smoking cessation e-visit as compared to treatment as usual (TAU), delivered via primary care, with primary objective to provide effect size estimates for a larger RCT. Primary outcomes cluster around: 1) treatment feasibility, 2) treatment acceptability, 3) treatment satisfaction, 4) evidence-based cessation treatment utilization, and 5) cessation-related outcomes (quit attempt incidence, abstinence). It is hypothesized that participants randomized to the e-visit condition as compared to those randomized to the TAU condition will have higher rates of cessation treatment utilization (medications, counseling) and superior cessation-related outcomes.
This study will be a single-center, controlled, open-label, parallel two-study-group investigation to evaluate the puffing patterns of healthy adult consumers of tobacco products switching from a usual brand (UB) Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) product to one of two different ENDS, Product A with 1.5% nicotine, and Product B with 3.0% nicotine, over a three-week ambulatory period. This study will be conducted in support of a Premarket Tobacco Product Application (PMTA) ENDS submission to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products (CTP).
Prisoners experience huge health inequalities, and their exceptionally high smoking prevalence (five times the national average) contributes significantly to their high mortality. Since the introduction of smoke-free polices across Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) in England and Wales, prisoners are now obliged to abstain from smoking while held in prison. This represents a unique opportunity to promote lifelong cessation in this highly disadvantaged and marginalised group. However, evidence suggests most prisoners intend to resume smoking as soon as possible after release. A systematic review of prison smoke-free polices worldwide concluded that there was a need for new research to identify effective strategies to reduce relapse in these individuals.
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) vary on a wide range of characteristics, which may impact the reinforcement value of the products compared to more harmful combustible products. A new type of low-powered ENDS device has surged in popularity-the pod system. Pods use nicotine salt e-liquids, rather than free-base nicotine solutions that have been used in other ENDS device types. Manufacturers claim that these formulations reduce the harshness of nicotine delivery, while still delivering sufficiently high levels of nicotine. However, the role of nicotine salts in the popularity and use of pod systems remains unclear because no studies have directly manipulated and examined the role of nicotine formulation (salt vs. free base) in reinforcement value and use. The primary purpose of the proposed study is to assess the impact of nicotine formulation (nicotine salt vs. free-base) in reinforcement value and tobacco use. Current smokers (n=30) will complete a one-week baseline period where they smoke as normal before attending an in-person lab visit during which they will sample a traditional cigarette and two ENDS products (nicotine salt ENDS, free base ENDS). All aspects of the device will be held constant other than the nicotine formulation (including nicotine concentration, flavor options, device brand). Participants will answer questionnaires about each product they sample and then complete a preference assessment in which they choose between the products they sampled and their own cigarette. Finally, participants will be assigned to take one of the products they sampled home to use ad libitum (1-week sampling). During the at-home baseline and sampling weeks, participants will complete electronic daily diaries cataloging their tobacco use. Biomarkers (i.e., expired carbon monoxide, cotinine) will corroborate self-reported indices of use.
Some smokers who try e-cigarettes transition completely from cigarettes to e-cigarettes, but others continue to use both products, or abandon e-cigarettes and return completely to cigarettes. One factor that likely impacts these tobacco use patterns is the e-cigarette device used. The majority of e-cigarettes purchased today are one of two "types:" customizable tanks or pods. These e-cigarette types differ from each other in critical ways, like nicotine delivery and sensory characteristics, that are likely to impact use by influencing the relative reinforcement value of the product. The present study will be a randomized trial investigating the impact of e-cigarette device type on reinforcement value and use among current smokers. Current smokers (n=100) will be randomly assigned to either a control group that does not receive an e-cigarette or one of two e-cigarette types: a customizable tank, or a pod. The impact of device type on relative reinforcement value will be assessed using a choice task. Participants will also take home their assigned e-cigarette for a three-week sampling period. Primary outcomes include relative reinforcement value (choices to smoke in the lab-based choice task), cigarette smoking behavior (cigarettes smoked per day during sampling), and uptake (e-cigarette puffing episodes per day during sampling).