View clinical trials related to Smoking, Cigarette.
Filter by:This study investigates whether providing 8 weeks of complimentary electronic cigarettes (EC) or nicotine pouches (NP) to low socioeconomic status (SES) adults who smoke and are unable or unwilling to quit smoking will lead to: a) substitution of cigarette smoking with EC or NP; and b) reduced biological indicators of tobacco use and harm relative to those continuing to smoke as usual. This study also examines the feasibility and acceptability of providing EC or NP to help substitution of combustible cigarettes, exploring willingness to participate, continuing with the study, and barriers to substitution through interviews. This project will enroll 45 low SES adults who smoke and will be randomized to one of the three groups that will be followed for 8 weeks: EC, NP, or smoking as usual. The first study hypothesis is that participants receiving EC or NP will smoke fewer cigarettes per day and have lower cigarette dependence at Week 8 relative to their baseline level, and when compared to the control group. The second hypothesis is that those in the EC or NP group will have greater cigarette abstinence than those smoking as usual at Week 8. There are no anticipated differences between those receiving EC and NP. The third hypothesis is that biological indicators of tobacco use and harm will be lower in those receiving EC or NP relative to their baseline level, and when compared to the control group. The hypothesis is that these biological indicators will be lower in those receiving NP than EC.
According to the hypothesis of this study presented, the effects of smoking on the fetus can be determined by the liver circulation and hepatic metabolism. The basic assumption of this project is; Compensatory and pathological findings can be seen in the fetal liver circulation in babies of mothers who smoke and the findings can be valuable in predicting the direction of fetal development (growth retardation or normal development). In this study, the flow and shunt amounts in the fetal hepatic vessels in normal and smoking pregnant women will be calculated with the help of Doppler US.
This project seeks to identify ways to enhance the reach of evidence-based smoking cessation treatments among adult primary care patients who smoke daily and are not ready to start treatment at study enrollment. The 2x2x2x2 factorial experiment will evaluate the extent to which 4 intervention components promote the use of evidence-based treatments to help smokers not initially ready to quit to cease smoking over 2 years. The intervention components tested include: modest financial incentives for completing an initial counseling session in a smoking cessation treatment (vs. none); automated semi-annual outreach materials sent via patients' preferred communication modality using data in the electronic health record to tailor and personalize invitations to use available treatments to quit smoking (vs. untailored letters); direct, proactive telephone outreach from a tobacco care manager who will promote treatment use and deliver motivational intervention twice per year (vs. none); and access to 3 no-cost telephone smoking cessation counseling calls with combination nicotine replacement therapy (C-NRT) or varenicline (vs. state tobacco quitline and primary care provider referral). Proactive treatment offers will be made up to 22 months after enrollment. Smoking status and use of any smoking cessation treatments will be assessed every 6 months through 2 years of study enrollment. Data from 1664 adult primary care patients meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria will be analyzed to see whether the intervention components have an effect on the use of treatment (primary outcome) and smoking status after 2 years of treatment access (secondary outcome). The project will evaluate the manipulated intervention components first in terms of treatment initiation (defined as rates of completing at least 1 smoking cessation counseling session prior to a target stop-smoking date), and then in terms of end-of-study (2 year post-enrollment) abstinence rates (secondary outcome), and cost-effectiveness in promoting reach (tertiary outcome). This experiment will help to identify health system reach interventions that effectively enhance utilization of stop smoking treatments in an effort to help more smokers quit and to prevent tobacco-induced cancer morbidity and mortality.