Shoulder Pain Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Throwing Shoulder: The Cause of Shoulder Injuries or Pain in Experienced Handball Players: Nordic Throwing Shoulder Project (NTS - Project)
NCT number | NCT04056078 |
Other study ID # | NordU |
Secondary ID | |
Status | Recruiting |
Phase | |
First received | |
Last updated | |
Start date | February 24, 2020 |
Est. completion date | January 2, 2025 |
As a part of the Olympic program and with 150 countries in the international Handball Federation team handball has become a worldwide popular sport. Unfortunately, a large number of different types injuries have been reported among team handball players, and shoulder pain has some of the biggest incidence. In handball 44-75% of the athletes had a history of shoulder pain and a weekly prevalence of shoulder problems in 28% of the athletes. Shoulder pain has been reported to have an impact on the athletes' training activities, performance, and daily life. Several studies have established risk factors for shoulder injuries among overhead athletes, with a focus on the range of motion in glenohumeral joint (ROM), shoulder strength and scapula control. Injury occurrence results from a combination of possessing these different risk and the amount of throwing. Thereby training overhead sports must be considered a primary risk factor for shoulder injury. However, several studies have performed kinematics analysis of different throws techniques commonly used in team handball. But no studies havn't investigated kinematics and kinetics of different throwing techniques in relation to team handball players and the development of shoulder pain, and if a throwing technique or a wrong throwing technique stresses the shoulder joint more than other throwing techniques. In baseball it was found that youth pitchers throwing with a curveball was associated with a 52% increased risk of shoulder pain and the slider was associated with an 86% increased risk of elbow pain, and there was a significant association between number of throws and rate of shoulder pain. Two types of wind-ups are used in handball, and those different wind-ups also changed the throwing kinematics and throwing performance. Investigators found that the pelvis rotation was more important in the throw with the circular wind-up than in the whip-like wind up. In addition, the total throwing time was longer with the circular wind up. This could result in less stress and forces on the shoulder joint when compared with the whip like to reach the same performances. The questions arises whether the used throwing techniques of the handball players during training and matches are a risk factor for shoulder pain and if some throwing techniques cause bigger risk than other throwing techniques as the players could put more force on the shoulder and elbow joint.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 60 |
Est. completion date | January 2, 2025 |
Est. primary completion date | December 31, 2024 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 18 Years to 40 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Elite handball players in the top three leagues in Denmark, Sweden and Norway - Players playing without shoulder pain. - Players playing with previous shoulder. - Players playing with shoulder pain. - Participating in both defends- and attack- relating situations. Exclusion Criteria: - Operation in the shoulder - Not participating in attack related situations. - Shoulder pain caused by a traumatic event |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Denmark | Human Movement Laboratory, Hvidovre Hospital | Hvidovre | København |
Norway | Nord University | Levanger |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Nord University | Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre |
Denmark, Norway,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | The change of joint positions and joint movements in the shoulder during overhead throws | Kinematic (joint movement) of the upperbody during different styles overhead throws. Ball velocity and throwing kinematics will be measured using a 3D motion capture system (Qualysis, Sävedalen, Sweden, eight cameras, 240-500 Hz) tracking the position of the reflective markers (2.6 cm diameter) during the hole movement. | Day 1 | |
Primary | Generated joint forcers in the shoulder during overhead throws | Joint forces (Kinetics) will be measured by using a 3D motion capture system (Qualysis, Sävedalen, Sweden, eight cameras, 240-500 Hz) and calculated by the theory of inverse dynamics of the upperbody during different styles of overhead throws. Kinetics measured by inverse dynamics will be calculated with Visual 3D (C-Motion, Germantown, MD) or Simi motion systems, and the forces in the shoulder will be presented in Newton. | Day 1 | |
Primary | Upperbody Muscle Activity during different styles overhead throws | Muscular activity will be measured by electromyography (EMG). Muscles relevant to investigate the throwing technique will be measured with Bipolar surface EMG electrodes. | Day 1 | |
Secondary | Scapula-humeral Control | Scapula Control will be measured using the scapula dyskinese test (SDT). | Day 1 | |
Secondary | Range of Motion | The passive range of glenohumeral Internal Rotation and External Rotation will be measured using a electric goniometer. | Day 1 | |
Secondary | Strength | Isometric strength in the glenohumeral Internal Rotation and External rotation muscles will be measured using a handheld dynamometer. | Day 1 | |
Secondary | Shoulder and trunk stability | CKCUES test will be used to the ability to resist an external standardized perturbation | Day 1 | |
Secondary | Oslo Sports Trauma Reseach Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire | The questionnaire will be used to measure shoulder pain and injury registration among elite handball players.
The OSTRC include 4 questions regarding; Difficulties in participating, Reduced training volumne, Affected performance and pain related to their sport. Each question must be answered by the presented 4-5 categories. Each category is allocated with a numerical value from 0 to 25, and these are summed in order to calculate a servity score from 0 to 100 for each problem. |
Day 1 | |
Secondary | WOSI questionnaire | The questionnaire will be used to measure shoulder pain and injury registration among elite handball players.
WOSI includes in total 21 questions, which is devided in 4 subcategories; Physical Symptoms question 1-10, Sports/recreation/work question 11-14, Lifestyle question 15-18 and Emotion question 19-21. A total score varies from 0 point - to maximal of 2100 point. |
Day 1 |
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