View clinical trials related to Sexually Transmitted Infection.
Filter by:People who present repeatedly at Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) clinics represent a key population for HIV prevention intervention research. Despite their heightened risk there is an absence of empirical research on strategies to intervene with repeat STI. Some STI-clinic based behavioral HIV prevention studies, focusing on the general STI patient population, have found that risk reduction interventions can reduce the incidence of a subsequent STI. Studies have shown that expedited treatment for STI patients' partners can reduce subsequent STI and enhancing partner notification can reduce risk for repeat infection. Those who go on to experience repeat infections, after they are provided with risk reduction services, are the focus of this project. Repeat STI literature noted, there have been no intervention studies conducted to lower STI/HIV risk specifically among people who are presenting with repeat STI. The proposed study develops a risk reduction intervention designed for STI repeaters and evaluates the efficacy of this intervention and its cost-effectiveness. The investigators expect that the intervention for STI repeaters will be significantly more effective than standard care with regard to reducing participants' STI/HIV risks. However, even a highly-effective intervention is unlikely to be adopted if the outcomes come at a high cost. Administrators need to know how effective a "new" intervention is, but also if it is more cost-effective than the program it replaces. Cost-effectiveness information also is critical to justify the "new" intervention to prevention funders (Milwaukee Department of Health), who are concerned not only with costs and effects, but also with the tradeoff between them. The proposed study will provide the comprehensive level of information about intervention effects and cost-effectiveness required by administrators and resource allocation decision makers to determine whether or not to fund or implement the intervention. Hypothesis 1. The investigators expect a greater reduction in unprotected vaginal and anal intercourse in the prevention case management compared to the standard care condition. Hypothesis 2. The hypothesis that the case management group will have a lower STI re-infection rate compared to the standard care group will be tested using each participant's repeat STI status over the 12 month FU period.
The purpose of this Stage II clinical trial is to test the efficacy of a culturally sensitive, cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce sexual risk behavior among minority adolescents for prevention of sexually transmitted infection (STI/HIV), unintended pregnancy and abuse by changing high-risk sexual behaviors, decreasing substance use and encouraging contraceptive use. Its primary goal is to expand risk-reduction interventions created in previous studies to further increase intervention efficacy for this particularly vulnerable, high-risk group. An adolescent intervention has been created and pilot tested in developmental studies. Results indicated reductions in substance use, risk behaviors, unintended pregnancy, STI and abuse without reports of adverse outcomes. Specific aims of the current study include: 1) To obtain a more in-depth understanding of configurations of psychosocial and situational factors associated with high-risk sexual behavior, substance use, STI/HIV and contraceptive use among abused minority adolescent women with STI; 2) To implement a controlled randomized trial of a cognitive behavioral risk-reduction intervention consisting of 2 small group sessions, 2 individual counseling and 3 support groups for this group; 3) To evaluate the effects of the adolescent intervention model versus enhanced counseling for this group on AIDS Risk Reduction Model (ARRM)-related constructs, high-risk sexual behavior, substance use, abuse recurrence, contraceptive use, unintended pregnancy and STI/HIV at 6 and 12 months follow-up. Participants will include a convenience sample of 600 Mexican-and African American adolescent women, aged 14-18 years with a history of sexual or physical abuse and current STI.
The goal of the proposed project is to determine the effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention among Emergency Department (ED) patients who use cocaine and/or heroin to prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) by comparing cumulative incidence and frequency of safe sex behavior between intervention and standard voluntary counseling, testing and referral to substance abuse treatment (control) groups over a one year follow-up period.
The Community Youth Development Study is an experimental test of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention planning system. It has been designed to find out if communities that were trained to use the CTC system improved public health by reducing rates of adolescent drug use, delinquency, violence, and risky sexual behavior when compared to communities that did not use this approach. The primary purpose of the current continuation study is to investigate whether CTC has long-term effects on substance use, antisocial behavior, and violence, as well as secondary effects on educational attainment, mental health, and sexual risk behavior in young adults at ages 26 and 28. The continuation study also examines (a) how the interaction of social, normative, and legal marijuana contexts creates variation in the permissiveness of individuals' marijuana environments from late childhood to young adulthood and (b) whether, when, and for whom permissive marijuana environments increase marijuana and ATOD use and misuse from age 11 to 28 and interfere with the adoption of adult roles.
The specific aim of this study is to complete an ongoing randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of behavioral intervention compared to STI treatment/HIV counseling alone in decreasing risk behavior and incident HIV/STI infections in Mumbai, India.
The purpose of this study is to see if taking medication once a month can help to decrease the risk of vaginal infections. Additionally, researchers will study whether personal habits, such as douching, bathing, and sexual practices can influence the risk of vaginal infections. Vaginal infections may influence the risk of becoming infected with HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Study participants will include 400 female prostitutes ages 16 and older, living in Mombasa. Study procedures will include sexual behavior questions, physical examinations including pelvic exams, testing of vaginal and cervical secretions for STDs, urine collection and blood samples. Participants will receive 2 different types of pills to treat vaginal infections (metronidazole or fluconazole) or placebo (contains no medication). Participants will be involved in study related procedures for 1 year and will return to the study clinic at one month intervals.