Sepsis Clinical Trial
Official title:
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Neonatal (PV4991) & Pediatric Sepsis (PV5063)
This study is designed to assess the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in neonatal and pediatric sepsis as well as to evaluate markers of NETs formation as early predictors of neonatal and pediatric sepsis.
Severe infection resulting in sepsis is recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide (Stehr and Reinhart, 2013). The incidence of sepsis in developed nations
has been increasing while overall mortality is decreasing, but still remains around 30%
(Mayr et al., 2014). Moreover, morbidity in survivors is often functionally devastating, and
may include neurological impairment, chronic organ dysfunction, increased days admitted to
hospital, and high rates of mortality postdischarge (Prescott et al., 2014). Emotional,
social, and financial costs to individuals and health care systems are immense (Brun-Buisson
et al., 2003).
Neutrophils are the first line of innate immune defense against infectious agents. In
addition, neutrophils' ability to eliminate pathogens by phagocytosis and/or degranulation,
it has recently been demonstrated that neutrophils can bind to and kill a wide range of
microorganisms by forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (Brinkmann et al., 2004).
This novel mechanism consists of the release of web-like structures of DNA decorated with
histones and antimicrobial proteins, known as NETs. Microbes are immobilized in these traps,
which contain a lethal concentration of antimicrobial agents killing a broad range of
microorganisms, including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, viruses, and
protozoa (Brinkmann et al., 2004, Fuchs et al., 2010, Camicia et al., 2014).
The role of NETs in pediatric infection is not well understood. We hypnotize that children
are capable of forming NETs and that NETosis plays an important role in pediatric sepsis.
This study is designed to assess the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in
neonatal and pediatric sepsis as well as to evaluate markers of NETs formation as early
predictors of neonatal and pediatric sepsis.
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