Schizophrenia Clinical Trial
Official title:
Nicotine Effects on Endophenotypes of Schizophrenia
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of nicotine on cognition with the following schizophrenia endophenotypes: prepulse inhibition, antisaccades, the continuous performance test, spatial working memory and a verbal memory task. Schizophrenia patients, unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls receive transdermal nicotine in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
Convergent findings suggest that an altered neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor system
may contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Nicotine consumption through
cigarette smoking might represent a form of self-medication in schizophrenia as nicotine
reduces cognitive and physiological deficits in schizophrenia. The present study aims to
investigate how nicotine affects attentional and executive schizophrenia endophenotypes and
how genetic polymorphisms relating to the cholinergic system might play a role in
inter-individual differences in the magnitude of nicotine effects.
Schizophrenia patients, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients as well as healthy
controls will receive transdermal nicotine in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover
study and will be assessed with prepulse inhibition, antisaccades, the continuous
performance test, spatial working memory and a verbal memory task. Subjects will be
overnight-abstinent smokers and non-smokers. However, the investigators will particularly
test non-smokers in order to eliminate confounding effects of nicotine withdrawal and
reinstatement.
Main hypotheses:
- Schizophrenia patients will perform worse than matched controls in all cognitive tests
(validating our endophenotypes).
- Nicotine administration will enhance cognitive performance in overnight-abstinent
smokers.
- Improvement of cognitive performance in smokers with schizophrenia will be stronger
than in control smokers.
- Improvement of cognitive performance in smoking first-degree relatives of schizophrenia
patients will be stronger than in control smokers.
- Nicotine administration will affect cognitive functioning in non-smoking subjects.
- Nicotine administration will improve cognitive functioning in non-smoking schizophrenia
patients.
- The effects of nicotine in non-smoking subjects are stronger in those subjects who are
cognitively more impaired (i.e. performing below the median of the respective group).
The present research contributes to the issue whether nicotinic cholinergic receptor
agonists may have therapeutic value in the treatment of cognition in schizophrenia.
;
Allocation: Randomized, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Basic Science
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