Clinical Trials Logo

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT01031563
Other study ID # 999909447
Secondary ID 09-DA-N447
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received December 11, 2009
Last updated June 30, 2017
Start date August 18, 2009
Est. completion date May 3, 2012

Study information

Verified date May 3, 2012
Source National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Background:

- Several studies of risk perception have demonstrated a common bias known as unrealistic optimism, in which individuals feel they are less likely than other people to experience unpleasant or harmful events in their lives, but more likely to experience pleasant or beneficial events.

- Previous research has indicated that individuals with schizophrenia have less of a sense of unrealistic optimism about adverse events than individuals without schizophrenia. However, research on risk perception in schizophrenia is sparse, primarily reporting on behaviors and decisions in the laboratory that likely are influenced by risk perception.

- Risk perception among substance users may be viewed in two separate categories: perception of vulnerability to adverse events and perception of vulnerability to negative outcomes associated with substance use. Research in both areas has yielded mixed results. Researchers are interested in studying the connections among schizophrenia, addiction, and risk perception in order to develop better drug use prevention and treatment programs for people with and without schizophrenia.

Objectives:

- To compare unrealistic optimism bias in people with and without schizophrenia and/or drug dependence, and its association with actual risky behavior.

Eligibility:

- Individuals between 18 and 64 years of age who fall into one of the following study categories:

- diagnoses of both drug dependence (marijuana or cocaine) and schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder

- diagnosis of drug dependence only (marijuana or cocaine)

- diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder only

- healthy volunteers with no history of drug use or serious mental disorder

Design:

- The study will require a single visit to the research center for a 5- to 6-hour session.

- Participants will complete questionnaires on medical and behavioral history, complete tests of thinking skills like memory and attention, complete a brief computerized decision-making task, and answer questions about risk perception.

- Participants will also provide urine samples and breath carbon monoxide measurements to test for recent use of tobacco and other substances.


Description:

Background:

Several studies of risk perception have demonstrated a common bias known as unrealistic optimism', in which individuals feel they are less likely than other people to experience unpleasant or harmful events in their lives, but more likely to experience pleasant or beneficial events. In a previous study, we showed that unrealistic optimism about adverse events in patients with schizophrenia was lower than in healthy controls.

Objective:

To compare unrealistic optimism bias in people with and without schizophrenia and/or drug dependence, and its association with actual risky behavior.

Study Population:

Adults with current diagnosis (DSM-IV criteria) of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n = 24), with current drug dependence (cannabis or cocaine) (n = 24), with both schizophrenia and drug dependence (n = 24), or healthy, non-drug-using controls (n = 24).

Study Design:

Subjects will have a single study visit, at which their psychiatric and substance use histories, current substance use (urine drug testing, expired breath CO), risk perception, risk-taking/impulsivity, sensation-seeking, insight, history of risky behavior, and cognitive function will be assessed.

Outcome Measures:

Scores on Risk Perception Questionnaire, Balloon Analog Risk Task, short form self-report assessments of risk perception, risk-taking/impulsivity and sensation-seeking, Revised Life Orientation Scale, Self-Mastery Scale, Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised, NORC DSM-IV Screen for Gambling Problems.

Benefit:

There is no direct benefit to subjects from study participation. Future benefits to society might be better understanding of risk perception biases associated with co-occurring substance abuse and schizophrenia, leading to development of more effective prevention and treatment programs and improved processes for obtaining informed consent.

Risks:

This study poses minimal risk to subjects, primarily boredom or anxiety from taking questionnaires and psychological tests and embarrassment from giving an observed urine specimen for drug testing.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 120
Est. completion date May 3, 2012
Est. primary completion date
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 64 Years
Eligibility - Participants in three patient groups will have a current diagnosis of schizophrenia (or schizoaffective disorder), drug dependence, or both. Healthy comparison participants will be free of either diagnosis. Psychiatric diagnoses will be based on DSM-IV criteria as determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID; First et al 1997), which will be administered in either a computerized version or in the standard interview format. Participants in all four groups will be 18-64 years old, of either gender and of any race/ethnicity. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria for the participant groups are as follows:

1. Group 1: Drug dependence with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Inclusion: Drug dependence; schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Exclusions: mood disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

2. Group 2: Drug dependence without schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Inclusion: Drug dependence.

Exclusions: schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder; mood disorder; OCD.

3. Group 3: Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder without drug dependence

Inclusion: DSM-IV schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Exclusions: mood disorder; OCD; use of illegal drugs more than 3 times in the previous month.

4. Group 4: Healthy comparison participants

Exclusions: Any DSM-IV Axis I diagnosis (except simple phobia); use of illegal drugs more than 3 times in the previous month.

5. Exclusions for all groups: History of neurological disease/condition (unrelated to schizophrenia or drug dependence) with ongoing cognitive sequelae; physical limitations (e.g., with hearing, vision or movement) that would prevent performance of computerized tasks; documented mental retardation.

6. Substances of choice among drug-dependent participants (Groups 1 and 2) must be marijuana, cocaine or both (the commonest illegal drugs of abuse among patients with schizophrenia).

Study Design


Locations

Country Name City State
United States Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC) 55 Wade Avenue Catonsville Maryland

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) University of Maryland

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (3)

Cherpitel CJ. Alcohol, injury, and risk-taking behavior: data from a national sample. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Aug;17(4):762-6. — View Citation

Marsch LA, Bickel WK, Badger GJ, Quesnel KJ. The anatomy of risk: a quantitative investigation into injection drug users' taxonomy of risk attitudes and perceptions. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2007 Apr;15(2):195-203. — View Citation

Prentice KJ, Gold JM, Carpenter WT Jr. Optimistic bias in the perception of personal risk: patterns in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;162(3):507-12. — View Citation

See also
  Status Clinical Trial Phase
Recruiting NCT05039489 - A Study on the Brain Mechanism of cTBS in Improving Medication-resistant Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT05111548 - Brain Stimulation and Cognitive Training - Efficacy N/A
Completed NCT05321602 - Study to Evaluate the PK Profiles of LY03010 in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder Phase 1
Completed NCT04503954 - Efficacy of Chronic Disease Self-management Program in People With Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT02831231 - Pilot Study Comparing Effects of Xanomeline Alone to Xanomeline Plus Trospium Phase 1
Completed NCT05517460 - The Efficacy of Auricular Acupressure on Improving Constipation Among Residents in Community Rehabilitation Center N/A
Completed NCT03652974 - Disturbance of Plasma Cytokine Parameters in Clozapine-Resistant Treatment-Refractory Schizophrenia (CTRS) and Their Association With Combination Therapy Phase 4
Recruiting NCT04012684 - rTMS on Mismatch Negativity of Schizophrenia N/A
Recruiting NCT04481217 - Cognitive Factors Mediating the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT00212784 - Efficacy and Safety of Asenapine Using an Active Control in Subjects With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder (25517)(P05935) Phase 3
Completed NCT04092686 - A Clinical Trial That Will Study the Efficacy and Safety of an Investigational Drug in Acutely Psychotic People With Schizophrenia Phase 3
Completed NCT01914393 - Pediatric Open-Label Extension Study Phase 3
Recruiting NCT03790345 - Vitamin B6 and B12 in the Treatment of Movement Disorders Induced by Antipsychotics Phase 2/Phase 3
Recruiting NCT05956327 - Insight Into Hippocampal Neuroplasticity in Schizophrenia by Investigating Molecular Pathways During Physical Training N/A
Terminated NCT03261817 - A Controlled Study With Remote Web-based Adapted Physical Activity (e-APA) in Psychotic Disorders N/A
Terminated NCT03209778 - Involuntary Memories Investigation in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT02905604 - Magnetic Stimulation of the Brain in Schizophrenia or Depression N/A
Recruiting NCT05542212 - Intra-cortical Inhibition and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT04411979 - Effects of 12 Weeks Walking on Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia N/A
Terminated NCT03220438 - TMS Enhancement of Visual Plasticity in Schizophrenia N/A