View clinical trials related to Sarcopenia.
Filter by:The proposed research is designed to identify the mechanisms that can accelerate loss of muscle size, strength and physical function in type 2 diabetes and with hospitalization in older persons. About ⅓ of older Americans have type 2 diabetes, and about ⅓ of the hospitalizations in the USA involve persons older than 65 year of age. The proposed research is relevant to the part of NIH's mission that pertains to development of the fundamental knowledge that will improve health and reduce the burdens of disability, because this work will provide the fundamental evidence to identify new targets for the development of innovative treatments to slow down muscle loss and disability in our aging society.
The prevalence of sarcopenia is high in many organ pathologies such as COPD, but remains little studied in acute respiratory failure. Sarcopenia is a health problem representative of frailty, loss of autonomy and decreased muscle strength. The frequency and evolution of sarcopenia is unknown in patients having chronic bronchic obstruction with exacerbation.
Skeletal muscle abnormalities (sarcopenia) and frailty are common complications seen in patients with end-stage liver disease. The presence of these complications portends poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of a formal home based video strengthening program (REST) on sarcopenia and frailty. We also want to assess the impact of this exercise program on complication rates, hospitalization, on quality of life (QOL) and on survival.
Frailty, one of geriatric syndromes, is considered a major obstacle for recovery from physiological stress. Such stress is imposed on patients with cancer by virtue of the disease itself but even more so by the treatment. Moreover, malignancy and chemotherapy both cause accelerated loss of muscle mass, deconditioning, frailty and negative outcomes. Several studies showed that chemotherapy accelerates ageing. Muscle mass reserve was found to be a major predictor of outcomes in patients treated with chemotherapy. Recently, several studies suggest that active muscle strength training during chemotherapy may decrease side effects, improves the ability to deliver intended doses of treatment and may even affect oncological outcomes. In the proposed study we intend to assess the contribution of physical training to the well-being of chemotherapy treated older patients, assessed by molecular and physiological parameters. We intend to recruit lymphoma patients above age of 70 and prospectively and randomly assign them to the intervention group (strength, aerobic and balance training during the chemotherapy) and control group (standard care with no special emphasis on physical activity during the treatment). We will measure clinical outcomes such as treatment tolerance and effects as well as physiological outcomes (muscle strength and mass, elements activities of daily living) and laboratory markers of ageing such as DNA methylation, INK 4a expression, telomere length and serum levels of inteleukin 6, CRP among others. Our hypothesis is that physical training will improve patients' ability to complete the treatment with fewer side effects, will provide them with better daily functioning and better muscle strength/function. We also hypothesize that the ageing process, as shown by laboratory senescence markers, will be attenuated in the intervention group.
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) occurs in 65-90% of patients with liver cirrhosis. Severity of malnutrition correlates with progression of liver disease and leads to sarcopenia in 30-70% of cirrhotic patients. Malnutrition and sarcopenia are associated with an increased risk of complications and mortality. In cirrhosis the gut microbiome is altered leading to increased gut permeability, bacterial translocation and inflammation. Since the microbiome is involved in nutrient uptake and metabolism, it is hypothesized that microbiome alterations contribute to sarcopenia. A prospective controlled cohort study to investigate the interrelation of microbiome changes and sarcopenia in cirrhosis will be conducted. Furthermore the effect of nutritional interventions on the microbiome in cirrhosis will be studied. From this study information on how the gut microbiome composition and sarcopenia are associated in cirrhosis and if modulation of the gut microbiome by nutritional interventions is feasible will be collected.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of detraining in the components of physical aptitude of people living with HIV/Aids (PVHA).
In line with improvements in oncologic outcome for patients with esophageal cancer, the attritional impact of curative treatment with respect to functional status and health-related quality of life (HR-QL) in survivorship is increasingly an important focus. Functional recovery after surgery for esophageal cancer is commonly confounded by anorexia and early satiety, which may reduce oral nutrient intake with consequent malnutrition and weight loss. One in three disease-free patients has more than fifteen percent body weight loss at three years after esophagectomy. The ESPEN Special Interest Group on cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases has defined sarcopenia as skeletal muscle index (SMI) of ≤39 cm2/m2 for women and ≤55cm2/m2 for men, while similar cut-off points have been validated in upper gastrointestinal and respiratory malignancies (less than 38.5 cm2/m2 for women and 52.4 cm2/m2 for men). The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) additionally recommends that assessment should also include determination of muscle function, for example gait speed or grip strength, where possible. The presence of sarcopenia is associated with increase treatment-associated morbidity, impaired HR-QL, reduced physical and role functioning, and increased pain scores in older adults. In addition, a previous longitudinal study demonstrated that the decline in HR-QL over a six year period in older adults was accelerated in the presence of sarcopenia. As such, sarcopenia may represent a modifiable barrier to recovery and subsequent retention of HR-QL and functional status, and may reinforce a persistent illness identity, among patients following potentially curative treatment for esophageal cancer.
Background. In advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), multiple metabolic and nutritional abnormalities may contribute to the impairment of skeletal muscle mass and function thus predisposing patients to the condition of sarcopenia. Herein, we aim to investigate the association of uremic toxins and sacropenia. In addition, the prevalence and mortality predictive power of sarcopenia, defined by different methods, in a cohort of hemodialysis patients. Methods. We plan to evaluate 300 HD patients. Sarcopenia was defined as reduced muscle function assessed by handgrip strength (HGS <30th percentile of a population-based reference adjusted for sex and age) plus diminished muscle mass assessed by different methods: (i) midarm muscle circumference (MAMC) <90% of reference value (A), (ii) muscle wasting by DEXA (B) and (iii) reduced skeletal muscle mass index (<10.76 kg/m² men; <6.76 kg/m² women) estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (C). Serum levels of 3 established uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol and hippuric acid will be measured. Besides, various relevant inflammatory markers will also be assessed. Patients will be followed for up to 3 years for all-cause mortality.
Investigators plan a prospective cohort study with an adaptive design based on physical function status. The design will involve tracking the number of women recruited with physical function impairment and those without any functional impairment. Investigators aim to recruit similar numbers of women in each group. If investigators find unequal numbers, they will adapt recruit strategies based on a woman's functional status.
This study evaluates the effect of increase in testosterone levels in older males and the effects of decrease in testosterone levels in young males on muscle protein synthesis.