View clinical trials related to Sarcopenia.
Filter by:The primary aim of this research proposal is to examine whether this novel training program approach is capable to tackle excessive loss in muscle mass, function and contractile capacity with aging. Previous investigations have universally shown a dramatic loss in type II muscle fibers, while certain countermeasures in their follow-up studies were generally ineffective and limited to attenuate this phenomenon. Probably, they failed to meet recruitment threshold of larger motor units and subsequently innervate type II muscle fibers. Furthermore, previous investigations also failed to provide any data on specific blood markers that may provide additional insight into muscle fiber loss with aging. Muscle fibers type II play a crucial role in the human ability to produce as much as force as possible over a limited time-frame (e.g. 100-200 ms) to counteract unexpected perturbations during stair climbing for example and thus avoiding falls. Therefore, this data collection would be noteworthy in particular, especially for this population due to health-related outcomes and healthy aging process. Since age-related decline is accelerated already after short bouts of physical inactivity, with small recovery potential, any attempt to counteract age-related and disuse-related decline have high clinical significance. Based on the findings, data collected may aid in development of safety guidelines and protocols aimed at reducing health risks in this specific population. Importantly, in case the aforementioned hypotheses are confirmed, present findings may offer important information to the healthcare system, especially for reducing economic burden.
The surgical stress of an esophagectomy causes a detrimental impact on the physiological response of the body. In this perspective, one could question whether the current feeding regimens of starting early nutritional support at postoperative day (POD) 1 have a similar negative impact on the muscle mass as documented in critically ill patients. This study will introduce relative starvation in the early days following esophagectomy compared to the current regimen of early enteral nutritional support. The research team aims to investigate whether the negative impact on muscle mass and muscle function might be reduced, which should result in enhanced postoperative recovery. The final result of the study will be a well-documented and scientifically substantiated nutritional regimen for patients who underwent an esophagectomy for cancer.
Older patients with chronic renal failure suffer from sarcopenia. Loss of muscle function is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Currently few treatment are available. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of physical rehabilitation in this population on muscle performance and quality of life.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of muscle, in microgravity. Which will help explain the health benefits of exercise. There are tests that can be done to tell researchers more about the human body, such as a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, which measures body composition (fat and lean body mass). The use of muscle testing and a Handgrip test can tell us about the strength and power within an individual's muscles. A VO2 max test helps us understand the aerobic fitness level of an individual and one of the most important aspects of this study are muscle cells. A muscle biopsy allows us to obtain muscle cells from the thigh, which will be sent into space by a rocket. Researchers will study these muscle cells in a low gravity environment aboard the International Space Station. Studying the muscle cells under those conditions will potentially mimic an accelerated aging process, which will help researchers better understand muscle wasting in the elderly.
Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome of decreased muscle volume with muscular function decline. There is more tendency for sarcopenic elderly to be frail, disabled, or have cardiovascular disease. Compared to those who are not sarcopenic, they also had worse prognosis in response to treatment for definite diseases, and spend more medical cost. Exercise appears to have an important role in management of sarcopenia. In the current study, the investigators provide an exercise program, including resistance/balance training for the elderly with sarcopenia or frailty in long-term care institution, and evaluate the effect.
The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled 5-arm clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of combined anabolic interventions compared to single or placebo interventions on physical performance in community-dwelling (pre)sarcopenic elderly (≥ 65 years) and to determine the underlying mechanisms of action. Important secondary outcome measures are muscle mass, muscle strength, compliance to the interventions (exercise program, protein and omega-3 supplementation) and functional, cognitive and nutritional status.
In general, malnutrition in surgical patients is associated with a higher risk of postoperative infections, decreased immune response, more cardiac complications, prolonged mechanical ventilation , and a higher rate of reimportation due to several other complications than lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality, a prolongation of the total hospitalization time in the ICU[intensive care unit ] and the chamber, and a delay in the healing of the surgical trauma . The presence of a low percentage of lean mass, as calculated by the technique of bioelectric conductivity, practically means a small percentage of muscle tissue. However, muscle tissue is an important, if not the only source of amino acids for both protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis in stress conditions, such as surgery and the first postoperative days. Thus, post-operative patients in general, and cardio-operated patients, in particular, having a low lean mass have minimal reserves to the stress requirements, resulting in an increased risk of complications. In the last few years, the most reliable indicator of malnutrition- in addition to the lean mass index - began to be considered the phase angle, which is also calculated when measuring the bioreduction of electrical conductivity, although there is a very recent challenge . The phase angle expresses the relationship between the electrical reactance, i.e. the state of the cell membrane, to resist the permeability and the resistance, i.e. the restriction to the flow of the electrical current through the body, mainly related to the water of the tissues . Like the FFM[fat-free mass]- index, the phase angle uses the total water of the tissues, and thus also reflects the cell mass. In addition, however, it also measures the resistance of cell membranes, so it also evaluates their quality and is therefore considered to be a reliable indicator of poor nutritional status , although some also maintain demur due to the possible poor distribution of extracellular fluid in cardiological patients. From all of the above, it appears that there are some gaps in the evaluation of the patients who are going to undergo cardiac surgery regarding their nutritional status, both because the classic nutrition control indicators are not fully documented as being reliable for these patients, and there are no studies to monitor and compare body composition directly to any other index postoperatively.
Primary Aim: To establish a reliable relationship between oxygen uptake (VO2) at estimated lactate threshold (AT) and CT-derived body composition measurments (e.g. muscle radiation attenuation), and to relate these to post-operative outcomes (i.e. post-operative complications or 1-year survival) in cohort of upper (UGI) and lower (LGI) gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary (HPB) cancer patients undergoing surgery +/- cancer therapies. Rationale:Objectively measured reduction of muscle radiation attenuation (i.e. Computed Tomography (CT) measured indices of muscle wasting) coupled with reduced physical fitness (measured objectively using Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET)) will result in worse post-operative surgical outcome and reduced survival. Trial Design: Observational Sample size: See statistical analyses section for individual cohort power calculations Inclusion Criteria: Male or female patients, aged over 18 years old with UGI, LGI or HPB cancer undergoing surgery +/- cancer therapies; WHO performance status 0-2. Exclusion Criteria: Patients will be excluded if they have surgery for benign disease, a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, patients physically unable to perform a CPET on a cycle ergometer, patients having no surgery performed or interim emergency surgery, patients lacking complete in-hospital morbidity and survival data. Primary Trial Endpoints: UGI patients - 2 year overall survival, LGI and HPB patients - post-operative complications (Calvien-Dindo and Composite Endpoint in pancreaticoduodenectomy)
The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of dedicated ambulator-assisted physical activity in lung transplant inpatients. The primary hypothesis is that an ambulator-assisted intervention for lung transplant patients will prove feasible and may result in improved frailty, hospital outcomes, including less need for inpatient rehabilitation and shorter length of stay in the hospital.
Sarcopenia is defined as loss of skeletal muscle mass. In cirrhosis, due to impaired urea genesis and decreased hepatic ammonia disposal, the skeletal muscle functions as a metabolic partner for the liver. The proportion of patients with sarcopenia is higher in those with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (80%) compared to cirrhosis due to other etiologies (31%-71%). Sarcopenia is prevalent in > 50% patients with Child C cirrhosis. Sarcopenia increases the risk for severe infections in patients with cirrhosis. Adequate amino acid supply is needed for appropriate antibody and cytokine responses, that is impaired when skeletal muscle mass. The sepsis-related mortality rates in patients with and without sarcopenia are 22% and 8%, respectively (P = 0.02). In patients with liver cirrhosis is protein-calorie malnutrition, leading to severe consequences to the general state and clinical evolution of the patient.