View clinical trials related to Sarcopenia.
Filter by:This research study is being done to see whether losartan can prevent the decrease in strength associated with aging. Muscle loss is associated with aging and has multiple symptoms such as weakness, slowness, and fatigue (tiredness). Older adults with muscle weakness have a higher risk of falls and disability. In addition, the loss of independence for older adults can lead to a poorer quality of life. Recently, it was discovered that losartan, a medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure, had slowed the strength decline seen in older mice. In addition, it allowed injured mice skeletal muscle to heal faster. Therefore, we would like to see if losartan can do the same for older adults. Losartan is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and to protect the kidneys in diabetic patients. Losartan is not FDA-approved to prevent the decrease in strength associated with aging. In this study, participants age 70 and older will be asked to take losartan or a placebo to see if losartan can help prevent loss of muscle strength. A placebo is a substance that looks like the study drug but that contains no active ingredients.
Protein intake stimulates muscle protein synthesis. From the standpoint of maintaining skeletal muscle mass with aging, it is important to optimize the adaptive response to food intake. However, a paucity of information is available describing the effects of habitual dietary protein intake (i.e. either high or low amounts of dietary protein consumed on a regular basis), on the subsequent meal-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. An adaptation to a diet of several days or weeks may involve splanchnic and/or skeletal muscle adaptations that may further enhance, or decrease, the amino acid sensitivity of muscle protein synthesis after protein ingestion. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a habitual (14 days) high protein diet when compared with low protein diet on digestion and absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response to dietary protein ingestion.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of 3-month subcutaneous (SC) REGN1033 (SAR391786) treatment in patients with sarcopenia.
Rationale: The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass with aging, or sarcopenia, has a major impact on our health care system due to increased morbidity and greater need for hospitalization and/or institutionalization. One way to prevent skeletal muscle loss is to improve dietary intake of the elderly. Both whey and casein seem to offer an anabolic advantage over soy protein for promoting muscle hypertrophy. As a consequence it is assumed that (all) plant based proteins have less potent anabolic properties when compared with animal based proteins. However, there is little theoretical background for such assumptions. Objective: To provide evidence for the efficacy of wheat protein and wheat protein hydrolysate when compared with milk proteins (i.e. whey and casein) as a dietary protein to stimulate postprandial muscle protein synthesis in vivo in healthy older humans. Study design: double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study Study population: 60 healthy non-obese (BMI 18.5-30 kg/m2) older males (age: 65-80 y) Intervention: A protein beverage (350 mL) containing 30 g of whey, casein, wheat protein, or wheat protein hydrolysate or 60 g of wheat protein hydrolysate will be consumed (n=12 per group). Main study parameters/endpoints: Primary study parameters include muscle protein synthesis rates. Secondary study parameters include whole-body protein synthesis, breakdown, oxidation, and net balance. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that ingestion of wheat protein hydrolysate results in a greater muscle protein synthetic response when compared with the intact wheat protein due to its faster digestion and absorption. Furthermore, ingestion of wheat protein hydrolysate results in a higher muscle protein synthetic response when compared with casein, but lower when compared with whey protein. Ingestion of 60 g of wheat protein hydrolysate (amount of leucine equal to 30 g of whey protein) will result in a similar muscle protein synthetic response compared to ingestion of 30 g of whey protein.
The ability of older adults to improve their muscle strength through exercise training appears related to how well their immune system functions. Thus, a nutritional supplement which improves immune function could theoretically boost strength gained for older adults from exercise. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine if a nutritional supplement has any effect on immune function. Veterans (age 60-80 yrs, N=12) be randomized in a double-blind placebo-controlled fashion to consume supplement or placebo for four weeks. After two weeks of consumption, subjects will be treated with a vaccine for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Blood will be drawn from each subject before and after vaccination to determine the effects of the supplement on immune response to vaccination. Additionally, subjects will undergo blood draw and muscle biopsy before and after two weeks of supplementation to determine the effects of supplementation on other measures of immune function (e.g. cytokine and growth factor levels). This is an important issue due to the serious health consequences associated with muscle loss in older adults and the need for improved strategies for rehabilitation.
Inflammation increases with aging and is implicated in the reduction of bone mass, muscle mass, and strength. Resistance training is safe and effective for increasing muscle mass and strength in older adults,however resistance training by itself cannot suppress inflammation. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that may provide benefits to muscle mass and strength when given after resistance training sessions in older adults; however, more evidence is required to confirm effects across the lifespan. The objectives are to determine the effect of 9 months of exercise training and ibuprofen supplementation, compared to placebo, in older women (≥65years)on the following dependent variables: - bone density, geometry, and architecture - muscle mass and strength - balance
This project evaluates the use of different types of proteins from various food sources after an exercise session, on muscle mass and physical capacity in aged sarcopenic men (who have low muscle mass). Specifically, researchers want to: - Examine the efficiency of protein intake after exercise on muscle mass and physical abilities; - Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on blood lipids (LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides); - Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on liver enzymes; - Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on a hormone that controls hunger; - Evaluate the program's impact on the ability of the body to produce energy. All participants are exercising (resistance training) and ingest one of the 3 different sources of proteins, immediately after training: - Milk proteins (from milk beverage) - Essential amino acids (added to a soya beverage) - No protein (rice beverage - control group) Our hypothesis is that proteins from milk will induce a gain in muscle mass and physical function equivalent to the essential amino acids (EAA). We anticipate that both milk proteins and EAA will be both superior to control group. This would represent an interesting finding since milk is more accessible, palatable and cheaper than essential amino acids commercial mix.
Irisin has been identified as a novel myokine that drives brown-fat-like conversion of white adipose tissue. In this cross-sectional study, the researches investigated whether serum irisin levels are decreased in patients with sarcopenia compared with control subjects with normal muscle mass, and assessed the association between serum irisin levels and various metabolic parameters.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the most frequent cause of death among the elderly population. Hypertension, unfavorable lipid profile, obesity and physical inactivity are among the main risk factors for CVD. In contrast, mortality from CVD is inversely related to levels of physical activity, and is lower in individuals who exercise and have higher functional fitness levels. Thus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American College of Sports Medicine, and the American Heart Association have recommended 20-30 min of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic training for the elderly, preferably every day or at least 3 days a week in the case of vigorous exercise.The same organizations also suggest the inclusion of resistance training in order to improve functional fitness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare different exercise modalities in long-term changes of CVD risk factors and physical fitness among older adults.
As individuals age, their physical activity decreases and sedentary time increases. Even small changes in these two behaviors can greatly decrease risks for several major health problems, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and many cancers. Studies that use pedometers to encourage walking have successfully increased physical activity, but do not address sedentary behaviors such as television watching. The investigators propose to use a novel pedometer-like device (Jawbone Up) that encourages both increased physical activity and decreased sedentary time. First, the investigators will recruit 10 adults to participate in a brief intervention for six weeks. They will wear the wrist-based activity monitor and use a mini-tablet device to see feedback on their activity and sedentary time. They will also receive brief counseling weekly. The investigators will use this first study to investigate the basic feasibility of the intervention materials. Next, the investigators will recruit 20 adults and randomize them to receive the intervention for 12 weeks or to a waiting list. Here, the investigators will test the intervention with refinements made based on participant responses from the first small study. Our primary outcomes will be measures of feasibility and acceptability across all parts of the study. The investigators hypothesize that the intervention will be feasible and acceptable to the participants. The investigators will also measure physical activity, sedentary behavior, fitness, body fat, and psychological feelings of motivation.