View clinical trials related to Respiratory Viral Infection.
Filter by:Vapendavir (VPV) is a drug being developed to treat human rhinovirus (RV) infection, one virus responsible for the common cold. Vapendavir prevents the virus from entering cells and making more infectious copies of itself. A study is being planned to investigate VPV in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, a lung disease making it difficult to breathe) who develop a rhinoviral infection; however, VPV has not been approved for use in treating any indication (disease) by the FDA or any other global regulatory agency. Therefore, VPV is considered investigational, and the study doctor is conducting this investigational research study. Safety will be monitored throughout the entire study.
Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) represent a major public health problem and a great burden in terms of morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. To ascertain the source of an infection, microbiology laboratories routinely perform a crucial step: the search for the pathogen through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Due to the extensive variety of pathogens, testing for the existence of all potential viruses, bacteria, or fungi accountable for the infection is an impractical and time-intensive endeavor. Furthermore, the rise of novel pathogens, exemplified by those accountable for the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, underscores the urgency of promptly developing new innovative diagnostic tests. To address these needs, researchers have dedicated several years to developing indirect methodologies notably centered around utilizing markers derived from the host's immune system. Among these, one particularly promising approach focuses on measuring the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which are uniquely triggered by viral infections, thereby facilitating viral diagnosis. This methodology's efficacy has been proven in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study's objective is to assess the functionality of such a tool across a spectrum of Respiratory Viral Infections (RVIs) prevalent within a French population during the winter season.
Study design is multicenter prospective registry study. Participants are consecutive (non-selected, a sequential registration) patients admitted from emergency rooms of participating hospitals who meet the eligibility criteria. The primary objectives are to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for RS and other respiratory virus infection and their effect on hospital course in patients with any respiratory symptom who admit from emergency room using a multicenter prospective registry study. The primary target virus is RS virus and the secondary target viruses are respiratory virus and other microorganisms measured by FilmArray 2.1.
The participants are being asked to take part in this clinical trial, a type of research study, because the participants are scheduled to receive or have recently received a hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) or a solid organ transplant (SOT). Primary Objective To determine if pre-transplant screening for respiratory viral load predicts RVI within 1- year post-transplant among survivors. Secondary Objectives: - To develop and validate a classifier based on pre-transplant immunological profile predictive of developing an acute respiratory viral infection (aRVI), with RSV/PIV3/HMPV/SARS-CoV-2 through one-year post-transplant among survivors. - To develop and validate a classifier based on Day +100 post-transplant immunological profiles predictive of developing an acute respiratory viral infection (aRVI),with RSV/PIV3/HMPV/SARS-CoV-2 through one-year post-transplant among survivors .
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for COVID-19. Today, RT-PCR performed on a nasopharyngeal sample remains the gold standard for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, several other assays have been developed to increase testing capabilities and provide rapid screening strategies such as antigenic lateral flow assays. Most recommended tests to date are based nasopharyngeal sampling that is often poorly tolerated by patients and associated with a significant risk of infection for the sampler. Saliva can be used but provide slightly lower sensitivities depending of the subsequent assay use with those samples. The detection of the N antigen of SARS-CoV-2, by ELISA or rapid immunochromatographic technique, on a serum or blood sample would make it possible to overcome these constraints and to provide a new testing alternative. ELISA tests are faster, cheaper and easier to automate than molecular biology approaches. Blood sampling may be easier to perform in certain populations (in particular in hospitalized patients who already benefit from blood sampling, blood donors, etc.), require less equipment, and is better tolerated (immunocompromised patients subject to blood sampling repeated), and can be integrated more systematically into assessments carried out at the entrance to hospitals or in town, etc. If the N-antigen levels in blood are sufficient, rapid antigen assay on capillary blood could also provide useful testing alternatives. In a pilot study conducted at Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, the sensitivity of the first available commercial test was estimated at 93% (95% CI, 84.7-100), and its specificity at 98% (95% CI, 85.3-100). The main objective of the current work is to evaluate the sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 N antigen detection in the serum compared to nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR in several populations such as symptomatic hospitalized patients, symptomatic non-hospitalized patients and asymptomatic subjects. For each detection kit evaluated, the primary endpoint is the sensitivity (and its 95% confidence interval) of the detection of SARS-CoV-2 N antigen in serum overall and in those populations. The specificity will also be assess.
Approximately 40 million people in the US are served by private, and frequently untreated, wells. Our best estimate is that 1.3 million cases of gastrointestinal illnesses (GI) per year are attributed to consuming water from untreated private wells in the US, but in reality, there are no robust epidemiological data that can be used to estimate cases of GI attributable to these sources. We propose the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) to estimate the burden of GI associated with private well water. We will test if household treatment of private well water by ultraviolet light (UV) vs. sham (inactive UV device) decreases the incidence of GI in children under 5. We will also examine the presence of viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens in stool and well water from participants. These data will fill a knowledge gap on sporadic GI associated with federally-unregulated private water supplies in the US.
COVID-19 (also known as Coronavirus) originated in the Wuhan China and has since spread to at least 159 countries around the world. It was declared a pandemic by the World health organisation on the 11th of March 2020. The cases in the United Kingdom continue to increase exponentially with up to 5 683 people diagnosed as on the 22nd of March 2020. It is estimated that 1 in 5 people diagnosed will require hospital admission and 1 in 20 intensive care treatment. By developing and improving diagnostic testing, we can accurately diagnose infected cases to triage appropriate treatments, identify individuals for quarantine in order to prevent transmission and obtain information regarding patient's immune systems. At present, the diagnostic test is a highly specific method of genetic amplification called 'Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction' or RT-PCR, which allows detection of very small amounts of genetic mutations caused by the COVID-19 virus. However, this method must be completed in highly specialised facilities, which are few and far between, increasing time to diagnosis (currently 48-72 hours), increasing exposure to non-infected individuals, and overburdening the analysing facilities. The ideal solution is a point of care (POC) test that can give results immediately. This study aims to harness the point of care technology of the SAMBA II device (Diagnostics for the Real World Ltd.), which is a CE-marked device that has been used with success in the identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), by amplifying genetic material without the need to increase and decrease temperatures during the amplification process. In the COVIDx study, 200 patients meeting the Public Health England's (PHE) inpatient definition of having suspected COVID-19 will be approached, consented and a sample from throat and nasal swab (combined) or tracheal fluid taken and tested using the SAMBA II method. A combination of the standard PHE RT-PCR and an additional validated laboratory PCR technique will be used as a control in line with standard clinical practice. Patients will undergo an additional serum tests on existing samples as made available after routine clinical assessments to monitor antibody response. Patients will be followed for clinical outcomes at 28 days post-admission.