Respiratory Infections Clinical Trial
Verified date | March 2015 |
Source | Federico II University |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | Italy: Ethics Committee |
Study type | Interventional |
The respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are a very common problem with high
morbidity in children. These conditions were due, in general, immaturity and all
"inexperience" of the immune system, as well as to the particular anatomical structure and
function of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract still developing. This inevitably
means that school-age children develop disease (as a result of infection) more easily than
at later ages. The frequency and duration of these conditions implies a high discomfort and
incur significant costs in relation to drug administration, the need for hospitalization,
days of absence from school and work days lost by parents.
Recently probiotics, defined as "microorganisms that prove able, once ingested in adequate
amounts, exert beneficial functions for the body "have been proposed for the treatment of
treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections of childhood but only in recent
years have been conducted controlled clinical trials that have conclusively proven
effectiveness. All probiotics induce an immune response, the characteristics of which are
related to the strain or the mixture of bacteria used. Recent studies have demonstrated
positive effects of probiotics on the respiratory system, and in particular on the
prevention and reduction of the severity of respiratory infections, probably mediated by an
increase of cells that secrete Immunoglobulin A in bronchial mucosa. It 'been shown that
probiotics can be a sure way to reduce the risk of early acute otitis media and the use of
antibiotics for recurrent respiratory infections during the first year of life. Similar
results were seen in a study conducted on a population of 326 children aged between 3 and 5
years, who found a decrease in the incidence of antibiotic use by over 65% and a reduction
of days of absence of more than 25% among children treated with a probiotic. Many of the
studied effects of probiotics, understandably, refer to the digestive system. These effects
relate to both conditions paraphysiological (constipation) and more specifically in
situations of illness.
Most of the studies carried out in recent years has demonstrated the efficacy of specific
probiotics in reducing the symptoms in the pediatric population affected by infectious
gastroenteritis. Probiotics reduce the duration of infectious diarrhea by 0.7 days and
reduce the frequency of diarrheal episodes in the first few hours.
The microbiota on the other hand participates in the function of the mucosal barrier against
the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria, crucial time for the start of the infectious process.
When this barrier function is altered by chemical agents, by antigens or by stressors of
different nature, may manifest intestinal disorders, sometimes due to the growth of bacteria
pathogens. Numerous experimental data suggest that probiotics can contribute to the
reinforcement of the activities of gut mucosal barrier, in particular aspects affecting the
functionality of the intestinal epithelial cells or macrophages.
More recently it has been shown that daily intake for 3 months of preparation with
probiotics reduce the incidence and severity of the most common respiratory infections and
limits the number of days of absence school children during the winter season.
It's scientifically recognized as some probiotic effects can also be obtained with the use
of inactivated bacteria or bacterial components isolated (eg bacterial DNA). It has been
recently proposed a modified definition of probiotic products as "prepared bacterial cells
or bacterial components that have a beneficial effect on the health and welfare of the
host".
Among these products "probiotic-like" fall ingredients object of this study: food
ingredients (rice flour and skim milk) fermented, or in which has been made to grow a
probiotic (Lactobacillus CBA-L74) that has been inactivated at the end of the fermentation
process through a heat treatment. The benefits are attributable to bacterial components that
remain in the final product (for example, DNA, cell wall, etc.) and factors produced during
the fermentation (short chain fatty acids, bacterial proteins, etc.).
The main effects of these bacterial components relate to the stimulation of the
gastrointestinal tract associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), through interaction with the
immune cells via Toll-like receptors.
In addition, some components, such as proteins and peptides, may have a Bifidogenic activity
and are available in the literature some studies that have demonstrated the ability of
infant formula, milk-based fermented to reduce the severity of episodes of infectious
diarrhea in children.
With this data, the Commission of the European Society of Nutrition Gastroenterology,
Hepatology and Pediatric Nutrition (ESPGHAN) has defined this type of products are not only
safe but to determine a potential prebiotic effect and the reduction of the severity of
episodes of infectious diarrhea.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 405 |
Est. completion date | June 2013 |
Est. primary completion date | June 2013 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | Both |
Age group | 12 Months to 48 Months |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - children aged 12-48 months attending educational program (either at nursery or primary school) Exclusion Criteria: - concomitant chronic/congenital diseases and disabilities, - active tuberculosis, - congenital cardiac defects, - autoimmune diseases, - immunodeficiency, - chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, - celiac diseases, - cystic fibrosis, - metabolic diseases, - malignancy, - chronic pulmonary diseases, - malformation of the GI tract, - history of allergy, - severe wasting (less than 3 Standard deviations of weight-for-height z score), - diarrhea on admission, - antibiotic, - pre/pro/symbiotic or immunostimulants use within 2 weeks before study start. |
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Prevention
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Italy | University of Naples Federico II | Naples |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Federico II University |
Italy,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Evaluate the efficacy of fermented milk and rice administered daily for a total duration of 3 months on the appearance of common respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in schoolchildren aged between 12 and 48 months. | fermented milk and fermented rice on the appearance of respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms | 3 months | No |
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