View clinical trials related to Respiration Disorders.
Filter by:Epidemiological studies have shown obesity to be a risk factor of asthma. Research evidence of obesity and atopic(ie. allergic)-related respiratory diseases, has been less clear. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the relationship between obesity and atopic-related respiratory disease in premenopausal women is mediated by a dietary imbalance of omega 6 and 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
World Health Organization (WHO) considers chronic respiratory disease (CRD) as one of its four priorities. These diseases include asthma and rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), occupational lung diseases, sleep apnoea syndromes, pulmonary hypertension, bronchiectasis and interstitial lung diseases. They constitute a serious public health problem in all countries throughout the world, in particular in low and middle income countries and in deprived populations. Hundreds of millions of people of all ages, in all countries of the world, are affected by chronic respiratory diseases. More than 50% of them live in low and middle income countries. Over 90% of deaths and the complete inability, due to CRDs occur in countries with low or middle incomes. The main causes of CRD are: tobacco smoke, occupational factors, indoor air pollution and outdoor air pollution, allergens, sequelae of respiratory infections such as tuberculosis. More than 30% of the population of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) could develop a CRD. In fact, 15% of children and 7% of adults could become asthma and 6% of the population could become COPD due to smoking. Children exposed to fumes from biomass burning, early in their life, seem to have a higher risk to develop COPD. The high level of air pollution in HCMC could aggravate asthma / COPD. Populations combining the rural risk (exposure to smoke from biomass) and the urban risk (smoking, pollution) may develop COPD much earlier (before age 40). Among the 9 million people in HCMC, 50% of the population is rural origin. Within this population, parasites could play a protective role against the risk of allergic asthma and consequently, the better control of helminthiasis among urban population, may result in allergic diseases such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Finally, the sequelae of tuberculosis (incidence is 200/100000) could participate to the morbidity of COPD / CRD. Study granted by the ARES-CUD ("Comission universitaire au développement")
The environmental pollutants and endogenous reactive oxygen metabolites from inflammatory cells exert substantial pathological effects on the lung cells [1]. Oxidative stress (OS) is a major factor that plays a significant role in lung cancer (LC) [2], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3] and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) [4, 5]. The current evidence suggests that OS takes part in the mechanisms involved in initiation, promotion and progression of respiratory diseases. The major exposures that cause OS can be summarized as smoking, and ambient air pollution that contains particulate matter smaller than aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm [6-8]. Epidemiological and clinical studies showed that the overall outcome of pulmonary OS is increased mortality due to increased incidence of respiratory diseases [9].
This study is designed to estimate the bioavailability of montelukast from the 5 milligrams (mg) montelukast sodium (GW483100) test formulations relative to 5 mg montelukast sodium reference chewable tablets (innovator product). It is an open-label, randomized, single dose, three-way cross over, six sequence study in 18 healthy human subjects. Each subject will participate in all three treatment periods. Subjects will be randomized to one of six sequences and administered one of the three treatments A, B or C in each treatment period, where Treatment A is 5mg chewable tablet of reference 5 mg montelukast sodium reference chewable tablets (innovator product), Treatment B is test formulation 1: 5mg montelukast sodium (GW483100) chewable tablet and Treatment C is test formulation 2: 5mg montelukast sodium (GW483100) chewable tablet. The treatment periods will be separated by a washout period of 7 to 14 days. Total duration in the study for each subject will be approximately 8 weeks from screening to the follow-up visit.
Preoperative dexamethasone reduces symptoms after different surgical procedures including mastectomy in breast cancer, but the effect in the postoperative respiratory function remains unknown. The aim of this protocol was to determine if the administration of a single dose of dexamethasone during the preoperative, could improve respiratory function and postoperative symptoms of patients undergoing mastectomy in breast cancer.
This study aims to assess usual walking speed (4-metre gait speed) and markers of sarcopenia predict mortality in patients with chronic respiratory disease.
A critical need exists for efficient community-based interventions aimed at reduction of environmental exposures relevant to health. Biomass smoke exposures due to residential wood heating are common among rural Native American communities, and such exposures have been associated with respiratory disease in susceptible populations. In many of these communities wood stoves are the most economic and traditionally preferred method of residential heating, but resource scarcity can result in burning of improper wood fuels and corresponding high levels of indoor particulate matter. Community-based participatory research techniques will be used to adapt intervention approaches to meet the cultural context of each participating community. At the community level, investigators will facilitate local development of a tribal agency-led wood bank program ensuring that elderly and/or persons with need have access to dry wood for heating. At the household level, investigators will use a three arm randomized placebo-controlled intervention trial to implement and assess education/outreach on best burn practices (Tx1). The content and delivery strategies of the education intervention will be adapted to each community according to stakeholder input. This educational intervention will be evaluated against an indoor air filtration unit arm (Tx2), as well as a placebo arm (Tx3, sham air filters). Tx3 will be used in comparison with the other two treatment arms to evaluate the penetration and efficacy of the community-level wood bank program. Outcomes will be evaluated with respect to changes in pulmonary function measures and respiratory symptoms and conditions among household elders. The investigators hypothesize that locally-designed education-based interventions at the community and household levels will result in efficacious and sustainable strategies for reducing personal exposures to indoor particulate matter, and lead to respiratory health improvements in elderly Native populations. This study will advance knowledge of cost-effective environmental interventions within two unique Native American communities, and inform sustainable multi-level strategies in similar communities throughout the US to improve respiratory health among at-risk populations.
The purpose of this study is the psychometric validation of a self-administered dyspnea questionnaire, usable in clinical practice in order to assess dyspnea and its impact on patients with chronic respiratory diseases.
The primary objective of the study is to determine the safety of oral ifetroban compared to placebo as measured by a > 20% decrease in FEV1 compared to baseline following a dose of Investigational Medicinal Product (IMP) (Study Day 1 or 2) prior to initiation of the aspirin challenge.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether nutritional support with a complete formula is effective to improve malnutrition and respiratory function in patients with chronic pulmonary disease compared to the standard hospital dietary advise.