Renal Function Clinical Trial
Official title:
Intestinal Microbiome and Extremes of Atherosclerosis
Patients attending stroke prevention clinics and a premature atherosclerosis clinic at University Hospital in London, ON, Canada were recruited to the study. They completed a dietary questionnaire, provided stool samples and had blood drawn to measure plasma levels of metabolites produced by the intestinal bacteria.
Patients were phenotyped by their residual score in linear multiple regression with measured
carotid plaque burden as the dependent variable and coronary risk factors were predictors.
The residual score essentially represents the distance off the regression line of predicted
plaque. They were grouped into three categories: Unexplained atherosclerosis (with more
plaque than predicted by risk factors; residual score >2); Explained (the amount of plaque
predicted by risk factors, residual score >-2 and <2); and Protected (less plaque than
predicted by risk factors, residual score <-2).
DNA was extracted from stool samples in the lab of Dr. Allen-Vercoe at University of Guelph.
RNA makeup of the intestinal microbiome was assessed in the lab of Dr. Gregory Gloor at
Western. Plasma levels of trimethylamine n-oxide, p-cresylsulfate, hippuric acid, p-cresyl
glucuronide, pheny acetyl glutamine and phenyl sulfate were measured by ultra-performance
liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the lab of
Dr. Bradley Urquhart at Western.
Nutrient intake over the past year was calculated at the Harvard School of Public Health from
the 131 item self-reported and semi-quantitative Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).
Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated from the Chronic Kidney Disease
Epidemiological (CKD-EPI) equations.
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