Use of the TDT for Prevention of Anastomotic Leakage After Laparoscopic Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer

Rectal Neoplasms Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Use of the Transanal Drainage Tube for Prevention of Anastomotic Leakage After Laparoscopic Anterior Resection for Medium & Low Rectal Cancer

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02686567
• Other study ID #: TDT20160214
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: February 2016
• Est. completion date: September 2020

Study information

• Verified date: May 2021
• Source: Third Military Medical University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The rate of anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic anterior resection（LAR） for medium & low rectal cancer is still high. the transanal drainage tube (TDT) was thought to be useful for deduce the rate. There were several studies, but most of them were not randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies. There was only one RCT study with enough samples, but it was designed for open anterior resection, and the patients underwent diverting stoma were excluded, so there was the selection bias. LAR now is thought to been with the same effect, and it is safe and feasible. So a RCT investigation for the use of TDT for prevention of anastomotic leakage after LAR for medium & low rectal cancer is needed.

Description:

Patients were randomly assigned to two groups, the TDT and non-TDT group after the laparoscopic LAR and DST procedure was decided during operation. Randomization was obtained through a computer-generated random number sequence allocation. Surgeon blinding was performed to ensure all the intraoperative decisions made by the surgeon were not interfered with by the grouping. All the operative procedures fully complied with the guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer and the technique of total mesorectal excision (TME). The preservation of the left colonic artery was judged by the surgeon according to his own experiences and assessment of the patient's conditions. When the anastomosis was accomplished, the discretion of DS construction was made by the surgeon based on assessing the risk factors of AL. Pelvic drainages were used in all cases in this study. After completion of the anastomosis and further DS construction if necessary, the surgeon would be notified to implement the intervention based on the randomizing results.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 560
• Est. completion date: September 2020
• Est. primary completion date: September 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion criteria: all consecutive 18 to 80 years old individuals diagnosed as primary rectal adenocarcinoma with the lower edge of the tumor less than 10 cm from the anal verge were considered eligible; with the classification of American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) of I, II, or III; Laparoscopic LAR+ with double stapling technique (DST) was planned to perform for the patients. All the preoperative procedures should comply with the guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Exclusion criteria: The emergency operation for rectal cancer with obstruction, bleeding, or perforation would be excluded. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), recurrent rectal cancer, or synchronous cancer would not be suitable. Patients with preoperative radiotherapy were excluded. Patients who underwent other types of surgeries for rectal cancer, including Hartmann's procedure, abdominoperineal resection (APR), intersphincteric resection ( ISR), et al. were excluded intraoperatively

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Anastomotic Leak
• Anastomotic Leakage
• Rectal Neoplasms

Intervention

Procedure:
• with TDT
After completion of the anastomosis and further DS construction if necessary, the surgeon would be notified to implement the intervention based on the randomizing results. In this group, a silicone tube (28Fr, Sumitomo Bakelite Co, Japan) was inserted through the anus and the tip of the tube was placed approximately 5 cm above the anastomosis at the end of the surgery in patients from the TDT group. The tube was fixed with a skin suture and connected to a drainage bag. TDT was planed to remove 3-7 days after surgery and early removal was allowed if the patient experienced intolerable pain.
• without TDT
After laparoscopic anterior resection and double-stapling technique anastomosis were finished, none additional proceduce was done.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	Daping hospital	Chongqing	Chongqing

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Third Military Medical University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (6)

Ha GW, Kim HJ, Lee MR. Transanal tube placement for prevention of anastomotic leakage following low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2015 Dec;89(6):313-8. doi: 10.4174/astr.2015.89.6.313. Epub 2015 Nov 27. — View Citation

Lee SY, Kim CH, Kim YJ, Kim HR. Impact of anal decompression on anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2015 Oct;400(7):791-6. doi: 10.1007/s00423-015-1336-5. Epub 2015 Aug 29. — View Citation

Matsuda M, Tsuruta M, Hasegawa H, Okabayashi K, Kondo T, Shimada T, Yahagi M, Yoshikawa Y, Kitagawa Y. Transanal drainage tube placement to prevent anastomotic leakage following colorectal cancer surgery with double stapling reconstruction. Surg Today. 2016 May;46(5):613-20. doi: 10.1007/s00595-015-1230-3. Epub 2015 Aug 1. — View Citation

Nishigori H, Ito M, Nishizawa Y, Nishizawa Y, Kobayashi A, Sugito M, Saito N. Effectiveness of a transanal tube for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery. World J Surg. 2014 Jul;38(7):1843-51. doi: 10.1007/s00268-013-2428-4. — View Citation

Shigeta K, Okabayashi K, Baba H, Hasegawa H, Tsuruta M, Yamafuji K, Kubochi K, Kitagawa Y. A meta-analysis of the use of a transanal drainage tube to prevent anastomotic leakage after anterior resection by double-stapling technique for rectal cancer. Surg Endosc. 2016 Feb;30(2):543-550. doi: 10.1007/s00464-015-4237-3. Epub 2015 Jun 20. — View Citation

Xiao L, Zhang WB, Jiang PC, Bu XF, Yan Q, Li H, Zhang YJ, Yu F. Can transanal tube placement after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma reduce anastomotic leakage rate? A single-institution prospective randomized study. World J Surg. 2011 Jun;35(6):1367-77. doi: 10.1007/s00268-011-1053-3. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Incidence of DT-related adverse events : iatrogenic colonic perforations	DT-related adverse events : iatrogenic colonic perforations	within 30 days after surgery
Primary	Incidence of AL	The primary endpoint was the AL within 30 days after surgery. AL is defined when the following symptoms were noticed: abdominal pain, fever, peritonitis, leukocytosis, procalcitonin (PCT) or c-reactive protein (CRP) increase, discharge of feces, pus, or gas from the drainage or vagina, septicemia with pelvic abscess. All clinically suspicious symptoms were confirmed by digital rectal examination, computed tomography (CT) scan or surgery when necessary. The severity grading of AL was defined according to the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer. In the present study, AL was referred to grade B and C, asymptomatic AL (grade A) was not considered because no active therapeutic intervention was required.	30 days after surgery
Secondary	Grades of AL	The grades of AL, including grade B, grade C. The severity grading of AL is defined according to the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer	within 30 days after surgery
Secondary	Postoperative Anal Pain Score	Postoperative pain score. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pains is used to assess the anal postoperative pain score of patients in the TDT group. NRS is the simplest and most commonly used scales for pain evaluation.The numerical scale is most commonly 0 to 10, with 0 being no pain and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. (for the details, please see the literature below FERREIRA-VALENTE M A, PAIS-RIBEIRO J L, JENSEN M P. Validity of four pain intensity rating scales[J]. Pain. 2011, 152(10): 2399-2404)	within 30 days after surgery
Secondary	Incidence of TDT-related Adverse Events: bleeding	TDT-related adverse events :bleeding	within 30 days after surgery