View clinical trials related to Rectal Neoplasms.
Filter by:This study aims to compare the postoperative outcomes of low rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery with Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction (NOSE) versus traditional Pfannenstiel extraction.
This project aims to evaluate the role of 18F-FAPI combined with 18F-FDG PET/MRI imaging in quantitatively and accurately evaluating the grading of rectal cancer after SCRT neoadjuvant therapy in patients with advanced rectal cancer as the research object, with postoperative histopathological analysis as the reference index, and to assess the ability of patients to achieve pCR. A diagnostic model and evaluation system will also be constructed.
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with tirelizumab compared with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy alone for neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The main questions it aims to answer are: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with tirelizumab compared with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy alone for neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer To assess rectal or anal retention as well as quality of life. Participants will receive a long course of NCRT (50 Gy / 25f, capecitabine 850-1000 mg / m2, BID, PO, D1-D5, QW) within the first 5 weeks. In regard to tumor immunotherapy, enrolled patients will receive tislelizumab (200 mg, iv) on the first day at week 2,5, and 8 after initiation of radiotherapy. Thereafter, patients will be treated with two 14-day cycles of the CAPOX（Q 3 w; D1 oxaliplatin, 130mg/m2,iv.gtt; D1-D14, capecitabine, 850-1000mg / m2, BID, PO）regimen. Two CAOPX regimens were treated one week apart.
Comparison between end to end and side to end anastomosis after anterior resection of cancer rectum and compare the outcomes of both surgical techniques. The main outcomes were bowel functional outcomes and QoL. Bowel functional outcomes mainly included three indexes: stool frequency, urgency, incomplete defecation, and incontinence. The secondary outcomes were surgical outcomes including operative time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, reoperation, and mortality.
This study is a multicenter, open, and phase I dose increasing clinical study. Based on the UGT1A1 * 28 and * 6 genotypes of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, determine the dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerable dose (MTD) of weekly irinotecan liposomes in concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine, investigate the tolerance of irinotecan liposome combined with capecitabine in concurrent chemoradiotherapy with locally advanced rectal cancer, and recommend the dosage for Phase II clinical study，and explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of irinotecan liposomes combined with capecitabine.At the same time，Preliminary observe the efficacy and safety of irinotecan liposomes combined with capecitabine in chemoradiotherapy.The study plans to recruit 30 patients with advanced rectal cancer who have not received any therapy.
The aim of the clinical trial is to investigate whether the use of a new multichannel endoscopic transanal access device (named UNI-VEC) is safe and effective in the resection of a rectal polyp or tumor that sits in the distal part of the colon (up to about 20 cm from the anal margin). This is the first study to test the device in humans, after proving its good performance in preclinical development (preclinical development has included functional laboratory tests and an animal trial).
To evaluate the efficacy, safety and organ retention rate of short-course radiation combined with Adebrelimab and CAPEOX neoadjuvant therapy in patients with MSS/pMMR ultra low rectal adenocarcinoma.
This study aims to elucidate the effects of neoadjuvant Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced MSS rectal cancer.
Treatment of rectal cancer by standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy protocols leads to a complete response in about 15% of patients, or even a higher fraction if radiotherapy is followed by an Oxaliplatin based chemotherapy as published recently. If patient presents with a (near) complete response at the time of restaging after neoadjuvant treatment, an organ preservation strategy can be an alternative treatment to low anterior resection or abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. An organ preserving strategy is an ideal option for patients that are too frail for a major oncological resection. Furthermore, organ preservation is increasingly an option for a broader spectrum of patients as there is growing evidence that it allows to avoid surgical risks, including major dysfunction of the urinary, sexual and anorectal function at equivalent oncological outcomes. Studies investigating organ preserving rectal cancer treatment can broadly be divided into two categories. The first option is a planned local resection of the remaining scar at the site of the tumor after chemoradiotherapy. This can be achieved by direct transanal resection in very low tumors or by an endoscopic procedure as TEM (transanal endoscopic microsurgery) or TAMIS (trans-anal minimally invasive surgery). The advantage of this approach is the resulting pathological diagnosis which can confirm the complete response microscopically or indicate if there is remnant tumor tissue left and whether this is completely removed. However, local resection might have an additional negative functional impact and cumulate with function impairment from chemoradiotherapy. Alternatively, patients after complete clinical response can directly enter a surveillance programme without excision of the remaining scar after neoadjuvant treatment. This strategy provides less certainty about the complete regression of the primary tumor, but allows a treatment completely without surgical interventions and might lead to an even better functional outcome compared to patients undergoing local excision. There is good evidence that the influence of chemoradiotherapy on anorectal and genitourinary function is relevant. However there is lack of good quality data how much local excision adds to this impairment on the long run. In this study the investigator aims to compare functional outcomes and subjective treatment satisfaction in patients undergoing organ preserving treatment for rectal cancer with and without local resection after chemoradiotherapy. This data will help patients and healthcare personal to choose between these treatment options in the future, knowing the difference in functional outcome between the groups. As this is an observational study, there will not be any influence on treatment decisions for the included subjects. Clinical data will be collected by questionnaires and compared between the two cohorts, which is in line with a risk category A according to HRO (Human Research Ordinance).
Colorectal cancer has an annual incidence surpassing 700,000 cases globally, ranking as the fourth most prevalent cancer with the second-highest mortality rate. Rectal cancer accounts for approximately one-third of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases. Stages II (cT3-4/N0) and III (cT1-4/N1-3) rectal cancer are commonly classified as Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC), characterized by a high risk of local recurrence post-surgery. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) combined with Total Mesorectal Excision Surgery (TME) has reduced the 5-year local recurrence rate in LARC from 25% to 5%-10%. Currently, neoadjuvant CRT+TME+postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effectively controls local recurrence in LARC. However, it is associated with low Pathological Complete Regression (pCR) rates, suboptimal sphincter preservation, increased distant metastasis, heterogeneous adherence to adjuvant chemotherapy, and limited long-term survival benefits. Further optimization of neoadjuvant treatment strategies holds promise for promoting tumor regression and improving prognosis. In neoadjuvant therapy, the extent of rectal tumor regression is highly dependent on radiotherapy, with higher radiation doses correlating with increased rates of pathological regression. This study aims to investigate the role of MRI-guided radiotherapy with a simultaneous integrated boost in enhancing tumor pCR in neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer.