View clinical trials related to Rectal Neoplasms.
Filter by:Preoperative induction chemotherapy has been successfully used in a variety of malignancies and provides several advantages over postoperative therapy. Combination of 5-FU/Leucovorin/CPT-11 has demonstrated significantly better response rate than 5-FU/Leucovorin alone. Replacing 5-FU with oral capecitabine in combination with CPT-11 has emerged as a potentially more effective, safe and convenient treatment option for metastatic colorectal cancer. Capecitabine is also well tolerated in concurrent treatment with radiation. Recent data has shown that preoperative radiation appears to be significantly more effective in increasing resectability rates. This trial will investigate the activity of capecitabine and CPT-11 combination in the preoperative setting followed by chemoradiation with capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer to improve response and decrease local recurrence. We will also study whether TS, TP, DPD and carboxyesterase expressions correlate with the objective response rate with this chemotherapy and chemoradiation regimen.
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as 5-fluorouracil, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing and also as a radiosensibilisant. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. 5-fluorouracil may make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Oral 5-fluorouracil is more convenient for ambulatory patients. Giving UFT (Tegafur and Uracil) with radiation therapy before surgery may shrink the tumor so it can be removed. PURPOSE: This phase III trial is studying how well giving UFT with radiation therapy works in treating patients who are undergoing surgery for operable rectal cancer.
This study will use an experimental combination of treatment with the drug Capecitabine and radiation therapy prior to an operation for removal of the patient's tumor. The drug Capecitabine is an oral form of a drug called 5-FU which has been widely used to treat rectal cancer. This is a phase II clinical trial, which means that the physician will be studying the reactions of the patient's body and tumor to treatment with Capecitabine and radiation therapy. The purpose of this study is to see if the tumor responds to this treatment and to determine how long the response lasts. The study also will see what kind of side effects this experimental treatment causes and see how often these side effects occur. Preliminary human studies using Capecitabine and radiation therapy have produced encouraging results with acceptable side effects.
Patients with rectal cancer who are candidates for pre-operative radiation therapy may be enrolled in the Phase I, single center study. Patients will have a full blood count, biochemistry, urinalysis, and ECG for safety evaluation. Sequential cohorts of three patients will be given increasing doses of oral topotecan and fixed doses of concurrent radiation (45 Gy) over five weeks. The starting dose of oral topotecan is 0.25 mg/m2 to be concomitantly administered with radiation (45 Gy) x 5 days every week unless the radiation is interrupted for Holidays/Weekends or toxicity requiring treatment delays occurs. A total of 25 doses are planned.
This randomized phase I trial studies the side effects, best way to give, and best dose of docetaxel when given together with vaccine therapy and sargramostim in treating patients with metastatic lung cancer or metastatic colorectal cancer. Vaccines may make the body build an immune response to kill tumor cells. Colony-stimulating factors such as sargramostim increase the number of immune cells found in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as docetaxel, work in different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining vaccine therapy and sargramostim with docetaxel may kill more tumor cells.
This clinical trial is studying the amount of EF5 and motexafin lutetium present in tumor cells and/or normal tissues of patients with abdominal (such as ovarian, colon, or stomach cancer) or non-small cell lung cancer. EF5 may be effective in measuring oxygen in tumor tissue. Photosensitizing drugs such as motexafin lutetium are absorbed by tumor cells and, when exposed to light, become active and kill the tumor cells. Knowing the level of oxygen in tumor tissue and the level of motexafin lutetium absorbed by tumors and normal tissue may help predict the effectiveness of anticancer therapy
Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as capecitabine and oxaliplatin, use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Giving capecitabine and oxaliplatin before surgery may shrink the tumor so that it can be removed. Giving capecitabine and oxaliplatin after surgery may kill any remaining tumor cells. This phase II trial is studying how well capecitabine and oxaliplatin work when given before and after surgery in treating patients with resectable liver metastases that is secondary to colorectal cancer
Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as oxaliplatin, leucovorin, fluorouracil, and capecitabine, work in different ways to stop cancer cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or deliver cancer-killing substances to them. Combining chemotherapy with monoclonal antibody therapy may kill more tumor cells. It is not yet known which combination chemotherapy regimen with bevacizumab works better in treating colorectal cancer. This randomized phase III trial is studying giving two different combination chemotherapy regimens together with bevacizumab and comparing how well they work in treating patients with locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent colorectal cancer
Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combining gefitinib with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan in treating patients who have advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer. Biological therapies such as gefitinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking the enzymes necessary for tumor cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining gefitinib with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan may kill more tumor cells
Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Interferon-gamma may interfere with the growth of tumor cells and slow the growth of the tumor. Combining more than one drug with interferon-gamma may kill more tumor cells. This phase I/II trial is studying the side effects and best dose of giving fluorouracil together with phenylbutyrate, indomethacin, and interferon-gamma and to see how well it works in treating patients with stage IV colorectal cancer