View clinical trials related to Radiation Injury.
Filter by:Through improved early detection and treatment, the number of long term breast cancer survivors continues to increase. There are now 2.8 million breast cancer survivors in the U.S. Florida alone adds over 9,000 women to the survivorship pool each year. Most receive radiation treatment (RT) of the affected breast and chest wall to reduce risk of recurrence. Even with advanced radiation techniques for dose conformality to minimize exposure of the highly sensitive lung, 14% of breast cancer patients treated with radiation develop clinical pulmonary toxicity, with 4% overall experiencing high grade clinical toxicity. Early diagnosis and intervention to mitigate lung radiation toxicity is increasingly important for the long term care of these survivors. The investigators' goal is to better identify breast cancer patients at high risk for experiencing severe pulmonary toxicity requiring medical intervention, provide a means to identify toxicity early on, and tailor treatment and/or early intervention on a per-patient basis.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using inhaled hyper polarized xenon-129 (129Xe) gas, and conventional contrast can help visualize impaired lung function and detect changes over time in patients receiving treatment as well as those who don't. 129Xe is a special type of xenon gas and when inhaled during MRI may be able to show areas of abnormal thickening of parts of the lungs. These images combined with images taken with injected contrast agents or other special types of MRI such as conventional proton (1H) MRI may provide a better way to look at lung structure and function. The ultimate goal is to predict the degree of radiation-induced lung injury that will develop in a given patient for a given treatment plan. The investigators anticipate that these images will provide more specific information about lung disease than standard lung function tests. The use of 129Xe MRI is investigational. Investigational means that these tests have not yet been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and are only available in research studies like this one. In addition, standard MRI with contrast is not typically done as standard of care for monitoring changes due to thoracic radiation therapy, therefore, its use in this study is also considered investigational. Healthy volunteers are being asked to participate in this study because to develop a database of functional images that are representative of healthy lungs.
Using a multi-echo gradient echo sequence to calculate R2* and quantitative susceptibility maps and well as susceptibility-weighted imaging post processing the investigators hypothesize that the investigators would be able to distinguish between pseudoprogression and true progression with the use of an easily implementable sequence on clinical MRI scanners.
The effect of radiation on normal tissue varies widely between individuals. Consequently, a test to measure tissue response to radiation could be clinically useful by permitting more accurate titration of dosage in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Also, in view of emerging concerns about possible nuclear terrorism a test for exposure to radiation might also be useful in evaluating victims of a "dirty bomb" explosion. A number of different techniques have been previously reported in epidemiological studies for the estimation of prior radiation exposure. This study explores one approach to estimating radiation exposure by measurement of increased oxidative stress which can be detected by a breath test. In this study subjects undergoing significant exposure to therapeutic radiation will provide breath samples for analysis in a central laboratory. The hypothesis of the study is that the analysis of these samples will lead to the identification of a set of markers of radiation exposure.
Coronary angiography exposes patients and physicians to ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the routine use of large field of view during image acquisition for coronary angiography. Patients with indication of diagnostic coronary angiography will be randomized for the use of either large field of view during image acquisition or medium field of view. Patients, physician and nurse radiation exposure will be measured by digital dosimeter.
The clinically widely used X-ray computed tomography examination has a low-grade radiation effect and recently has attracted much attention concerning the possible adverse effects of radiation on human body [ref. 1-5]. The radiation is harmful to human tissues and cells mainly because it can interact with water (which makes up to 80% of cells) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially the formation of hydroxyl radicals. So far as we can reach, there is no report concerning the relation between X-ray computed tomography examination and the blood ROS level. Therefore, we wish to conduct this study to clarify if the cardiac computed tomography angiography (cardiac CTA) may induce a higher level of ROS in the peripheral blood. Study subjects will be OPD patients who are arranged for cardiac CTA examination because of suspect coronary artery disease (CAD). In total, twenty cases will be enrolled for the study. The formal consent will be delivered and explained to the patients and families after the arrangement of cardiac CTA. It then will be retrieved just before the performance of cardiac CTA. For each enrolled case, peripheral blood will be sampled three times (once before and twice after the performance of cardiac CTA). Totally 60 blood samples will be collected from 20 study subjects within 3 months (January 1 ~ March 31, 2009). ROS level in the collected blood samples will be then measured, compared, and analyzed.
The purpose of this study is to determine if certain MRI imaging sequences (pictures) are more helpful to the physicians in determining if a brain tumor has recurred or if the person has radiation injury following their treatment.
The clinically widely used X-ray computed tomography examination has a low-grade radiation effect and recently has attracted much attention concerning the possible adverse effects of radiation on human body [ref. 1-5]. The radiation is harmful to human tissues and cells mainly because it can interact with water (which makes up to 80% of cells) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially the formation of hydroxyl radicals. So far as we can reach, there is no report concerning the relation between X-ray computed tomography examination and the blood ROS level. Therefore, we wish to conduct this study to clarify if the routinely applied abdominal X-ray computed tomography examination may induce a higher level of ROS in the peripheral blood. Study subjects will be patients who are admitted to our hospital because of abdominal diseases that need to receive abdominal X-ray computed tomography examination for diagnosis. In total, sixty cases will be enrolled for the study. The formal consent will be delivered and explained to the patients and families several hours before the performance of abdominal X-ray computed tomography. The formal consent will be retrieved and then the peripheral blood will be sampled just before the performance of computed tomography.ROS level in the sampled peripheral blood, before and after the performance of abdominal X-ray computed tomography, will be measured, compared, and analyzed. Totally 120 blood samples, including 60 samples just before and 60 samples 2 hours after the performance of computed tomography, will be collected from 60 study subjects within 5 months (August 10 ~ December 30, 2008). Reactive oxygen species（ROS）levels will be measured by a chemiluminescence (CL) analysing system (CLD-110, Tohoku Electronic Industrial, Sendai, Japan).