View clinical trials related to Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency.
Filter by:SUMMARY AND AIM Background: The proper management of brain oxygenation is an essential component of all anaesthesiologic procedures. Nevertheless, the brain remains one of the least monitored organs in the perioperative phase and intensive care therapy. The INVOS Brain Oxymeter (IBO) is a reliable trend monitor for changes in regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2). It is a current assumption that rSO2 directly correlates with Sa02, which can be influenced by different ventilation assistance systems, e.g. CPAP therapy. Objectives: The project aims at investigating changes of rSO2 in patients undergoing CPAP therapy for max. 15 minutes, in order to evaluate the effect of CPAP on cerebral oxygenation. Methods: NIRS measurement (with IBO) will be performed on the temporoparietal cortex on both sides of the head. The trial will consist of two parts i.e. with or without ventilatory assistance. The order of starting the study with or without CPAP therapy will be randomized. During each part the measurements will be performed until reaching a steady state (no change in rSO2 ± 2% for 3 min) but with a maximum duration of 15min. After each interval a BGA (blood gas analysis) will be performed.
Background: Mechanical ventilation is a life saving intervention in patients with acute respiratory failure, for instance, due to infection or trauma. The main goals of mechanical ventilation are to improve oxygenation and decrease the load imposed on the respiratory muscles. Unfortunately, mechanical ventilation comes with adverse events including disuse atrophy and weakness of the respiratory muscles. The diaphragm is the main muscle for inspiration and therefore this clinical entity is commonly referred to as ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). Several studies have shown that inspiratory muscle weakness is associated with adverse outcomes, including prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. Inactivity or disuse is a recognized risk factor for the development of VIDD: disuse may result from excessive unloading of the diaphragm by the ventilator. Therefore, clinicians aim to limit the risk of VIDD by using ventilator modes that allow patients to perform at least part of the total work of breathing when deemed clinically appropriate. However, even when these so-called assisted modes for ventilation are used, excessive unloading of the diaphragm may occur; without using technology that allows monitoring of diaphragm function, the clinician is often uncertain as to whether this muscle is indeed actively working. Continuous recording of the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) is used to monitor diaphragm muscle activity in ICU patients. Furthermore, sonographic measurements of diaphragm thickness allows for an easy quantification of diaphragmatic activity (thickening fraction) as well as providing a potentially useful mechanism for studying diaphragm injury and function during mechanical ventilation. Aim: To assess the duration of diaphragm muscle inactivity in patients admitted to the ICU using EAdi monitoring and to assess the correlation between diaphragm thicknening fraction, as measured by ultrasound, and electrical activity, as measured by EAdi. Hypothesis: Diaphragm muscle inactivity frequently occurs in the early phase of ICU admission Design: Observational pilot study in ventilated adult ICU patients admitted to the ICU at St Michael's Hospital. The investigators aim to enroll 75 patients. Primary outcome: Time from catheter positioning to first EAdi (> 5 uV last at least 5 minutes)
Perioperative changes in regional ventilation by pulmonary electrical impedance tomography and spirometry will be investigated in patients at risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. Those patients undergo abdominal and limb operations. In a pilot study arm electrical impedance tomography is tested in patients receiving osteosynthesis of serial rib fractures.
Dinamic intrinsic PEEP is
Evaluate the clinicians assessment of the patient's comfort of an oro-nasal mask during non-invasive ventilation (non-intubated) with a feasibility study.
A randomised controlled trial comparing volume-targeted ventilation to pressure-limited ventilation in infants born at or near term.
The investigators aim to examine the feasibility of individualized diet intervention in children dependent on long-term mechanical ventilator support at home. The investigators will use a multidisciplinary model that will allow for diet modification based on comprehensive nutrition, metabolic and respiratory assessments performed in the subjects' home. the impact of this intervention (for 12 weeks) on body composition and respiratory variables will be assessed.
This study is to evaluate the efficacy of a new therapy (Automatic Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure with intelligent Volume Assured Pressure Support (AutoEPAP iVAPS)) designed to treat respiratory insufficiency, respiratory failure and/or nocturnal hypoventilation with upper airway obstruction. The study will be performed in two phases: In a sleep unit and in the home environment. The new therapy will be compared against two existing ventilator therapies: "Spontaneous Timed (ST) mode" and "Intelligent Volume Assured Pressure Support (iVAPS)".
The overall aim with this project is to describe the correlation between measured and charted saturation after intensive care and also describe the saturation-pattern in these patients. The investigators will also correlate post-ICU desaturations measured as oxygen denaturation index and complications to pre-ICU obstructive sleep apnea and the STOP BANG screening questionnaire.
Three endotracheal tubes (ETTs) with different surfaces properties will be studied regarding formation and structure of the biofilm formed on those ETTs. Cultures from oropharynx and tracheal secretions as well as pieces of the ETT will be examined. Findings from electron microscopy (EM) and microbiology will be analyzed and compared in respect to the three materials.