View clinical trials related to Premature Birth.
Filter by:Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disorder of preterm neonates and a potential cause of blindness. As early diagnosis and treatment preserve vision, very low birth weight infants must be screened for ROP. Mydriatic eye drop administration is essential to perform funduscopic evaluations. The most commonly used mydriatic drops for pupil dilatation are 0.5-1.0% tropicamide and/or 0.5-1.0% phenylephrine or 0.2-1.0% cyclopentolate. Phenylephrine, an alpha-1 sympathomimetic agonist, is readily absorbed from conjunctival mucosa and has a potent systemic vasopressor effect. Tropicamide causes cycloplegia by inhibition of ciliary muscle contraction and has a short acting para-sympatholytic effect. Systemic absorption of mydriatic eye drops has been associated with cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Systemic side effects include apnea, desaturation, increased heart rate and blood pressure, delayed gastric emptying, and feeding intolerance. The data about the effects of mydriatics on cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation are sparse. Cerebral blood flow autoregulation depends in part on the adrenergic and cholinergic control of cerebral vasculature, but whether mydriatics have an effect on cerebral haemodynamics is unknown. Near-infrared spectroscopy and Doppler ultrasonography (US) are non-invasive methods commonly used for neuromonitorization in NICUs. The regional blood flow changes measured using Doppler US have been reported to be associated with cerebral oxygenation and indicate a high correlation with NIRS in newborns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mydriatic eye drops on cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in preterm infants by NIRS and Doppler US.
This trial analyzes the effect of an olfactory stimulation with vanilla or strawberry aroma compared to placebo on desaturations and bradycardia in preterm infants with apnea of prematurity. Infants on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support will be included and the aroma will be applied to the inner surface of the CPAP mask using designated scent pens. The trial uses a cross-over design. Infants are randomised to begin the study with either aroma or placebo which will be applied into the breathing mask every 3 to 4 hours during 12 hours for each of the two intervention periods. Identically looking pens with either aroma or placebo are used and patients, parents, medical staff and the study team are blinded to this allocation. Infants are monitored with an oximetry sensor to measure peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate.
The aim of this study is to develop a scale to determine the self-efficacy of mothers of premature infants in individualized developmental care practices. This study consists of two stages. In the first stage, it is planned to develop a scale to determine the self-efficacy levels of mothers of premature babies based on individualized developmental care. In the second stage, the scale will be applied. At this stage, families will be trained for individualized developmental care and the effectiveness of the education will be evaluated through the developed scale. For the first stage of the study, it is stated in the literature that at least 5 times the number of items should be taken in determining the sample size during the scale development stage, and 10 times in order to increase the reliability of the scale. In this study, after creating the scale items, a pilot application will be made with 3 mothers. Feedback will be received from mothers regarding the clarity of the questions and the scale will be finalized according to the feedback received. Then, the scale will be applied to the participant with a size of at least 10 times the number of scale items. For the second phase of the study, firstly, a preliminary application will be made with 10 mothers who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate in the study. The number of samples to be taken for the second stage of the research will be determined by performing power analysis with the findings obtained. Mothers included in the preliminary application will not be included in the study. It is planned to use stratified block randomization method in the study. First, mothers will be stratified according to their education level and the total number of children they have, then an equal number of (blocking) mothers will be assigned to each group. Data will be collected after obtaining written permission from the institution where the research will be conducted. "Descriptive Information Form", "Informed Voluntary Consent Form" prepared by the researchers and "Individualized Developmental Care Based Premature Baby Mothers' Self-Efficacy Scale" will be used in data collection.
Premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are observed in the majority of individuals monitored for more than a few hours. Although the clinical course of PACs and PVCs is usually benign, it has been described that high PAC or PVC frequency causes various comorbidities and worsens outcomes in different patient groups. For example, PACs can initiate episodes of atrial fibrillation, and PAC count is highly specific in predicting diagnosis of incident atrial fibrillation. Increasing PVC frequencies are an important predictor of incident heart failure. While conventional wisdom dictates that common environmental exposures determine PAC and PVC frequencies, this has not born out in rigorous studies. Whether PAC and PVC frequencies may have genetic underpinnings remains unknown. Comparisons between identical twins and fraternal twins can provide estimates of heritability. Fraternal twins are an ideal control because, like identical twins, they share a womb, have the same birthday, and their environment while growing up are as similar as between identical twins. However, while identical twins share approximately 100% of the same inherited DNA, fraternal twins share, on average, about 50%. By monitoring identical and fraternal twins with portable electrocardiograms (ECGs), we will be able to count the PACs and PVCs over a consecutive timespan to describe the familial aggregation of these complexes. This, to our knowledge, would be the first study to compare PAC and PVC frequencies in identical and same-sex fraternal twins, providing the first assessment of how genetical inheritance may influence cardiac ectopy burdens.
Weaning from mechanical ventilation is a critical issue and the diaphragmatic disfunction has been demonstrated to play an important role in extubation failure. the aim of present investigation is to evaluate diaphragmatic excursion velocity during in patients undergoing spontaneous breathing trial through tissue Doppler analysis in both inspiration and expiration.
Improving the quality of life of preterm children by 2035 is the top priority of worldwide health organisations, including the WHO. Every year, 15 million preterm infants, particularly those under 32 weeks of age, are at significant risk of neurocognitive impairments with adverse health consequences (disability, developmental delay, disease), exacerbated by the lack of post-hospital care for newborns. Intervening on the health of the preterm newborn through certain types of "touch" from its first days of life to activate its cutaneous senses permits, in reality, a significant improvement in the clinical state of the infant, hence promoting its growth, development, and social behaviour. In the neonatal period, during which significant neurological development occurs, tactile interactions and close physical proximity between infants and caregivers have significant short-term effects on the health of premature infants (weight gain, brain and vision development) and medium- to long-term effects on their development and expression of sociability. The likelihood that a premature newborn may develop attention and autism spectrum disorders, brain, gastrointestinal, and respiratory difficulties, as well as sleep disorders during the preschool years, is so high that clinical and social settings must prioritise care. Utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fRMI), computerized electroencephalogram (EEG), and metabolomics, the research aims to explore the effects of touch, including physiotherapy and manual therapy (OMT) approaches, on brain activity. This research intends to examine the impact of touch on premature infants' brain activity (physical biomarker) and metabolic activity (biological biomarker).
1. The investigators aimed to make a more advanced risk assessment in predicting preoperative intensive care unit admission in pediatric patients. 2. The investigators aimed to better define the pediatric patient population and identify preoperative risk factors in detail in order to reduce perioperative complications.
This observational retrospective study aims to learn about the incidence of acute kidney (AKI) injury in newborns in infants exposed to nephrotoxic drugs with a big data approach. The main question it aims to answer are: - Develop a model that can predict the occurrence of AKI in infants admitted to the NICU; - Identify the drug or combination of drugs associated with an increased risk of AKI. The group of infants exposed to drugs will be defined based on exposure for at least 1-day tone one or more therapies commonly used in the NICU. Once the AKI event has occurred, the observation of the trend of daily creatinine and diuresis values will be continued for the period covered by the study.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of chronobiological nutrition approach on the growth and breastfeeding processes of premature babies. It will be carried out in a randomized controlled experimental design. In the study, it is planned to have 2 groups as experimental and control. As a result of the power analysis using the G Power 3.0.10 program, 90% power; A total of at least 78 samples were found to be sufficient in the study with a 5% margin of error (n1: 39; n2: 39). However, considering that the case could be lost, it was decided to increase it by 20% to 94 babies. Infants will be assigned to groups using a stratified sequential block randomization method. Premature babies will be stratified by week of gestation, birth weight and sex, and then an equal number of babies will be assigned to each group by blocking. The appointment of premature infants will be decided by sequential block randomization. After the descriptive information of the babies assigned to the groups is recorded in the questionnaire, the experimental group will be fed by applying the chronobiological nutrition approach. The control group will be fed without applying the chronobiological nutrition approach. The discharge times will be calculated for both groups.
The aim of our study is to examine the effects of the physiotherapy program applied in the NICU on motor performance, behavior, transition time to full enteral feeding, and feeding performance in preterm infants.