View clinical trials related to Premature Birth.
Filter by:The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding on the infant's test weight and physiological characteristics (oxygen saturation and heart rate) in preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the transition to oral feeding. The main question it aims to answer are: • Is there a difference in test weight and physiological parameters between the infants in whom the first oral feeding was performed by the mother and the infants in whom the first oral feeding was performed by the intensive care unit nurse with a bottle? Researchers will compare the breastfed group with the bottle-fed group to see if there are differences in test weight and physiological parameters.
Pacific Islanders residing in the United States (US) have disproportionally high rates of preterm birth (<37 weeks) and low birthweight infants (<2,500 grams). They are also more likely to experience preeclampsia, primary cesarean birth, excessive gestational weight gain, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to other racial/ethnic minorities. These maternal health factors serve as precursors to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Pacific Islanders have almost twice the infant mortality rate, per 1,000 live births, as compared to non-Hispanic whites and have a higher maternal mortality rate compared to the same group (13.5 verse 12.7). Early and consistent supportive care throughout the pregnancy continuum is strongly associated with positive birth outcomes, including infant and maternal morbidity and mortality, and is a US health priority. Emerging literature suggests that group-based prenatal programs, like Centering Pregnancy, coupled with care navigation, can mitigate precursors to severe morbidity and mortality. The proposed study will determine the feasibility of Centering Pregnancy with care navigation and the preliminary effectiveness to improve: prenatal and postpartum care appointment attendance, preterm birth, low-birth weight infants, cesarean deliveries, emergency department visits, and access to social support services. Investigators will use a mixed-method approach with two groups of Marshallese participants (propensity score matched on relevant covariates such as maternal age, parity, and sociodemographics), one group in Centering Pregnancy with care navigation and one group from standard prenatal care.
This study evaluates the usefulness of liver perfusion and oxygenation status using regional oxygen saturation (RSO2) values obtained via near-infrared spectroscopy in assessing the hemodynamical significance of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.
Cerebral palsy and other neuromotor disorders are more common in babies born preterm (<37 weeks of gestation), due to various biological and environmental risk factors and the risk increases as the gestational age decreases. Earlier and more frequent screening with the use of developmental skills tests facilitates referral to early intervention programs. Current guidelines recommend using some combination of neuroimaging and neurological examination and assessments such as neonatal imaging, general movements (GMs), and Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) for early diagnosis and intervention.
Approximately 8% of all births occur between 30-36 weeks of gestation ('moderate-late' prematurity). Respiratory tract infections (RTI) and wheezing illnesses disproportionally affect preterm infants resulting in a 1.5-2 fold higher hospitalisation rate during the first years of life compared to term born children. Besides prematurity, several other postnatal modifiable influencing factors are associated with increased risk of respiratory morbidity and impaired pulmonary development. These factors include RTI, rapid weight gain, air pollution, tobacco smoke exposition, vitamin D deficiency, maternal stress and antibiotic usage. The investigators hypothesize that a follow-up program aiming at prevention of modifiable influencing factors can reduce respiratory morbidity in moderate and late prematurity. Objectives: To reduce respiratory disease burden in moderate-late preterm infants in the first 18 months of life
This is a masked randomized clinical trial in which extremely preterm infants fed human milk will be randomly assigned to receive either the highest (intervention group) or lowest (control group) vitamin D dose recommended during the first 14 days after birth.
This study has been designed to demonstrate that red blood cell from umbilical cord blood (UCB-RBC) is a safe and available product for extremely preterm infants (EPI) transfusion and that transfusion of UCB-RBC is non-less effective than RBC from adult donor for the treatment of anemia of prematurity in this group of patients.
Premature babies often require breathing support during their neonatal intensive care unit stay. This is because their lungs are not fully developed to perform the work of breathing on their own. Although breathing support can be provided via a breathing tube, it is preferable to provide breathing support non-invasively from a breathing machine which is then connected to a mask or prongs placed on the baby's nose. In premature babies born under 32 weeks gestation, a commonly used mode of non-invasive breathing support is called Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV). In this mode, the breathing machine provides 2 levels of support: one is the constant distending pressure to keep the lungs open and the other provides additional 'breaths' on top of that distending pressure. This is to mimic regular breathing. These breaths are set at a fixed rate and pressure. Although NIPPV protects the lungs from injury caused by a breathing tube, the breaths are not in sync with the baby's own breathing effort. Another mode of non-invasive breathing support recently being used in premature infants called Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA). When NAVA is provided non-invasively using a mask or prongs similar to NIPPV, it is called Non-invasive NAVA (NIV-NAVA). During NIV-NAVA a special feeding tube is used that detects the baby's own breathing movement from the electrical signal of the baby's diaphragm and feeds back to the machine which then provides a 'top-up' to the baby's own breath. This top-up breath also provides only as much pressure as the baby needs on top on their own breathing effort. Therefore, this is thought to be in sync with the baby's own breathing effort. However, it is not known if this mode of ventilation leads to improved sleep, improved brain oxygen levels, reduced discomfort and improved functioning of the diaphragm. The investigators aim to examine these indices in this research project.
Title: Effects of immunomodulatory therapy on gonadal function in women with autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) Trial objectives and purpose: To study if rituximab therapy can improve ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation and menstrual function in women with autoimmune POI. Treatment: Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation before and four months after an infusion of 1-gram rituximab (Mabthera®) twice with two weeks interval. Follow-up period 12 months after infusion. Primary outcome: Number of antral follicles and the size of the largest follicle in response to ovarian stimulation. Secondary outcomes: 1. Reestablishment of spontaneous menstrual bleedings during the 12 months' study period 2. Ovulation during the 12 months' study period 3. Change in B-cell count, autoantibody indices and immunoglobulin levels (IgG) after treatment Safety outcomes: All adverse events. Of particular relevance are any hospital admissions, infections and allergic reactions. Study population: Fifteen women with autoimmune POI defined as absence of menstruation > 6 months and elevated serum level of follicle stimulation hormone > 40 International units (IU)/L. Inclusion criteria: Autoimmune POI defined as presence of autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase (OH), side chain cleavage enzyme (SCC), 17-OH and/or neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NACHT) leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 (NALP5) or other relevant autoantibodies; 18-35 yrs of age; body mass index 19-30. Exclusion criteria: Hypersensitivity to rituximab; severe infection; severe immunosuppression; cardiac disease; cancer; benign tumours of the hypothalamus, pituitary, or ovary; ovarian enlargement or ovarian cyst; vaginal bleeding of unknown aetiology. Time plan: The study is expected to start the spring 2017. It is expected to be closed spring 2023.
The purpose of this study is to clinically validate the predictive performance (sensitivity and specificity) of the PrediMAP in-vitro diagnostic medical device to predict delivery within 7 days in the target population of women consulting obstetric emergencies for preterm labor (PTL).