Obesity Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effects of Plant Proteins on Blood Glucose & Amino Acid Levels and Satiety in Humans
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of adding three plant-based proteins (rice, oats and pea proteins) to a breakfast beverage on the glycemic response, appetite and subsequent food intake of healthy adults.
A diet or a meal higher in dietary protein has been reported to promote satiety and suppress
food intake in humans in several previous studies. It was suggested that the presence of
amino acid in the blood as a result of higher protein intake served as signals that suppress
appetite in humans. More recently, it has been observed that incomplete or lower quality
proteins, i.e. those missing one or more essential amino acids, may suppress hunger more than
complete proteins, as the ingestion of incomplete proteins in the long term may lead to
deficiency of essential amino acids. Plant proteins are generally considered incomplete
protein when compared to animal proteins, which mean that plant protein may have higher
appetite-suppressing effects.
Dietary carbohydrates are the most potent stimuli of insulin secretion. However, the addition
of dietary protein in a carbohydrate-rich meal has been shown to further stimulate insulin
release.The insulinotropic effect of dietary protein is thought to be attributed to the
branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) content of the protein-rich meal. Interestingly, there is a
hierarchy of effects induced by protein from different sources. For example, milk protein has
been shown to be superior to fish or plant protein in stimulating insulin secretion following
a meal.Even within milk protein, whey protein stimulated insulin secretion more than casein
protein. One of the factors that distinguish whey from casein proteins was the digestibility
or the digestion rate of these proteins. Protein that is digested faster appear to increase
blood amino acid levels faster, and increase insulin release faster.This implies that plant
proteins that have lower digestibility rate relative to animal proteins may have lower
insulinotropic effects, and the effective dose required to achieve optimal insulin secretion
may be different from animal protein and warrants further investigation. In addition, the
amino acid profile (in addition to lower digestibility) of plant proteins may differ from
animal protein, especially the BCAA content that is associated with the stimulation of
insulin secretion.
Dietary patterns and cuisines vary between countries and cultures. Unlike in the Western
countries, plant-based foods are more commonly consumed in an Asian cuisine. Based on the
statistics released by Food and Agriculture Organization, cereals and meat are the top two
protein sources in both Western (29.1% and 26.4% respectively) and Asian (58.8% and 8.6%
respectively) countries. The third major source of protein is dairy (16.7%) in Western
countries, and pulses in Asia (7.4%). In addition, vegetarianism is widely practiced in Asian
countries. Studies investigating the appetitive and the blood glucose regulating effects of
dietary protein have been focused predominantly in animal protein, with a number of studies
included plant-based protein such as soy protein. Since cereals and pulses are an important
part of an Asian cuisine, it is important to understand and compare the effects of proteins
from these sources on blood glucose and appetite regulation. Since the amino acid profile and
the digestibility of these plant-based proteins differ from animal protein, it is important
to also understand the effective dose that exerts optimal effects.
;
Status | Clinical Trial | Phase | |
---|---|---|---|
Recruiting |
NCT04243317 -
Feasibility of a Sleep Improvement Intervention for Weight Loss and Its Maintenance in Sleep Impaired Obese Adults
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT04101669 -
EndoBarrier System Pivotal Trial(Rev E v2)
|
N/A | |
Terminated |
NCT03772886 -
Reducing Cesarean Delivery Rate in Obese Patients Using the Peanut Ball
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT03640442 -
Modified Ramped Position for Intubation of Obese Females.
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT04506996 -
Monday-Focused Tailored Rapid Interactive Mobile Messaging for Weight Management 2
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT06019832 -
Analysis of Stem and Non-Stem Tibial Component
|
N/A | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT05891834 -
Study of INV-202 in Patients With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
|
Phase 2 | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT05275959 -
Beijing (Peking)---Myopia and Obesity Comorbidity Intervention (BMOCI)
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT04575194 -
Study of the Cardiometabolic Effects of Obesity Pharmacotherapy
|
Phase 4 | |
Completed |
NCT04513769 -
Nutritious Eating With Soul at Rare Variety Cafe
|
N/A | |
Withdrawn |
NCT03042897 -
Exercise and Diet Intervention in Promoting Weight Loss in Obese Patients With Stage I Endometrial Cancer
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT03644524 -
Heat Therapy and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Women
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT05917873 -
Metabolic Effects of Four-week Lactate-ketone Ester Supplementation
|
N/A | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT04353258 -
Research Intervention to Support Healthy Eating and Exercise
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT04507867 -
Effect of a NSS to Reduce Complications in Patients With Covid-19 and Comorbidities in Stage III
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT03227575 -
Effects of Brisk Walking and Regular Intensity Exercise Interventions on Glycemic Control
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT01870947 -
Assisted Exercise in Obese Endometrial Cancer Patients
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT06007404 -
Understanding Metabolism and Inflammation Risks for Diabetes in Adolescents
|
||
Recruiting |
NCT05972564 -
The Effect of SGLT2 Inhibition on Adipose Inflammation and Endothelial Function
|
Phase 1/Phase 2 | |
Recruiting |
NCT05371496 -
Cardiac and Metabolic Effects of Semaglutide in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
|
Phase 2 |