The Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragmatic Function in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness Clinical Trial

Official title:

Radiological and Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of the Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragmatic Function in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05303623
• Other study ID #: doctoral thesis
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: September 1, 2021
• Est. completion date: December 25, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: February 2023
• Source: Istanbul Demiroglu Bilim University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

In this study, the effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragmatic functions will be investigated radiologically in mechanically ventilated patients.

Description:

Many patients who receive treatment in intensive care need mechanical ventilation support. Invasive mechanical ventilation is an application used in critically ill patients to provide pulmonary gas exchange and to relieve the respiratory muscles. Mechanical ventilation and long- term bed rest induced extremity muscle weakness is a common condition in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Acquired muscle weakness in intensive care is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality At the same time, mechanical ventilation can lead to the development of respiratory muscle dystrophy and atrophy.

Recently, a similar concern has arisen about the potential negative effects of mechanical ventilation on respiratory muscles. This condition is called ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction In patients with mechanical ventilation, dysfunction, muscle fiber type change and barotrauma are seen especially in the diaphragm, which is the primary inspiratory muscle. Diaphragmatic dysfunction may promote prolong of intubation, weaning difficulties and risk of increase reintubation in patients who are mechanically ventilated.

The effect of inspiratory muscle training, which is applied in addition to conventional respiratory physiotherapy, on diaphragmatic dysfunction, on the weaning process and the long of stay in intensive care has not been fully elucidated, and a limited number of studies have been conducted on this subject It has been reported that in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation, diaphragmatic peak contraction velocity, peak relaxation velocity, movement speed, velocity time integral are lower than healthy individuals and this is correlated with failure to wean from mechanical ventilation. We could not find any report and clinical trial in the literature evaluation the effect of conventional physiotherapy and additional inspiratory muscle training on diaphragmatic tissue movement velocity and diaphragm thickness using detailed radiological methods in intensive care patients dependent on mechanical ventilation. In this context, our not working has a unique value. Our study will contribute to elucidating the mechanisms that affect the weaning process from mechanical ventilation in intensive care patients. It is aimed to develop strategies that will shorten the long of stay in intensive care and total hospital stay with therapeutic approaches that enable patients to be extubated as early as possible.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 30
• Est. completion date: December 25, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: September 15, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

For Patients Group Inclusion Criteria:

• Needing mechanical ventilation support longer than 2 days,

• Alert and Riker Sedation Agitation Score >4

• Being hemodynamically stable (HR<140 beats/min, BP stable)

• Dobutamine and minimal vasopressor use

• Fever of 36.5-38.5

• Body Mass Index <40 m2/cm,

• FiO2 of 0.5 or less,

• Absence of myocardial ischemia.

For Patients Group Exclusion Criteria:

• Noncooperation

• Phrenic nerve damage

• Chest wall trauma and/or deformity to prevent diaphragmatic movement

• Progressive neuromuscular disease with respiratory involvement

• There is enough secretion to require more than one aspiration every hour.

• Patients using sedative drugs continuously

• High-dose cortisol use

• Using a home mechanical ventilator before mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit

For Healthy Group Inclusion Criteria:

• With the control and intervention group, age, characteristics and characteristics,

• Chronic system and no ongoing treatment,

• Body mass index not 40 kg/m2,

• 18-80 years old

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness
• Respiratory Aspiration

Intervention

Other:
• Conventional Physiotherapy
Conventional Physiotherapy to contain breathing and thoracal expansion exercises, bronchial hygiene techniques and gradual mobilization in 1 time a day.
• Conventional Physiotherapy+ inspiratory muscle training
Conventional Physiotherapy to contain breathing and thoracal expansion exercises, bronchial hygiene techniques and gradual mobilization in 1 time a day. In this group addition to conventional physiotherapy inspiratory muscle training will be performed with the threshold-loaded inspiratory muscle training device, starting at 30% of the maximum inspiratory mouth pressure value, during 5 days, in 2 sessions, 4 sets per day, 6-8 breaths in each set and 2 minutes of rest between sets.
• inspiratory muscle training
In this group inspiratory muscle training will be performed with the threshold-loaded inspiratory muscle training device, starting at 30% of the maximum inspiratory mouth pressure value, during 5 days, in 2 sessions, 4 sets per day, 6-8 breaths in each set and 2 minutes of rest between sets.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Turkey	Istanbul Demiroglu University	Istanbul

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Istanbul Demiroglu Bilim University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Turkey, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure	Intraoral pressures measured at maximal respiration against a valve that closes the airway during maximal inspiration pressure and expiration. Maximal inspiration pressure is the highest pressure created to open closed alveoli at the residual volume level. In our study, respiratory muscle strength will be performed using a portable, electronic mouth pressure measuring with device. For the test, the applied person is given maximum expiration and at the end of this, the airway is closed with a valve and the person is asked to make maximum inspiration and continue it for 1-3 seconds. In the maximal expiration pressure measurement, after maximal inspiration, the person is asked to make a maximal expiration for 1-3 seconds against the closed airway. The best of the three measurements is selected. There should be no more than 10% or more than 10 cmH2O difference between the two best measured	Change from baseline Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure at 5th day
Primary	Diaphragmatic B mode, M mode and Tissue Doppler Ultrasonographic Imagining	Doppler Ultrasound evaluation to evaluate the diaphragmatic tissue waveform will be performed with an ultrasound probe placed in the right hemidiaphragm. Tissue movement rates will be evaluated during inspiration and expiration. The maximum contraction and relaxation rate of the diaphragm will be recorded with the sonographic evaluation to be made during 10 normal breaths. In addition, while sitting upright with a 90 degree angle in two-dimensional B mode, diaphragm thickness will be measured from the right intercostal area from the midaxillary level, from the right subcostal area from the anterior axillary level and mid-clavicular level with the superficial probe during deep inspiration and deep expiration. Diaphragm mobility in normal inspiration and deep inspiration from the mid-axillary level from the right subcostal area with M-mode ultrasonography will be evaluated by a pulmonologist before and after the training.	Change from baseline diaphragmatic evaluation at 5th day
Primary	Respiratory Muscle Thickness	With B mode ultrasound, the thickness of the internal oblique abdominis, external oblique abdominis and transversus abdominis muscles is measured 2-3 fingers above the umbilicus.	Change from baseline Respiratory Muscle Ultrasonographic Imagining evaluation at 5th day
Primary	Physical Function Test (PFIT) battery	The physical function levels of the cases in the intensive care unit will be evaluated with the Physical Function Test (PFIT) battery in the intensive care unit. PFIT is a test battery applied by the researcher, consisting of 4 main headings: Support (Stand up without sitting)', 'Cadence (steps/minute)', 'Shoulder (flexion strength)' and 'Knee (extension strength)'. are scored according to the degree of assistance (0-unassisted, 1-with the help of one person, 2-with the help of two people). Standing will be recorded as the number of steps and time performed in standing-stand action. Shoulder and knee muscle strength manual muscle test (0-unable , 1- there is only contraction, 2- completes the movement when gravity is eliminated, 3- completes the movement against gravity, 4- completes the movement with less than maximum resistance to gravity, 5- completes the movement with maximum resistance against gravity).	Change from baseline Physical Function Test (PFIT) battery 5th day
Primary	Medical Research Council(MRC) Strength Test	Six muscle groups (abduction of the arm, flexion of the forearm, extension of the wrist, flexion of the hip, extension of the knee, and dorsal flexion of the foot) bilaterally. The tests were performed in the ICU. All muscle groups were scored between 0 and 5 (0 = no visible/palpable contraction; 1 = visible/palpable contraction without movement of the limb; 2 = movement of the limb but not against gravity; 3 = movement against gravity (almost full passive range of motion) but not against resistance; 4 = movement against gravity and resistance, arbitrarily judged to be submaximal for gender and age; 5 = normal).	Change from baseline Medical Research Council(MRC) Strength Test battery 5th day
Primary	Acute Care Index of Function (ACIF)	Sub-components of the ACIF include 'Mental Status,' 'Bed Mobility,' 'Transfers' and 'Mobility.'20 total item instrument with activities to measure cognition and functional mobility.	Change from baseline Acute Care Index of Function (ACIF) 5th day