Superselective Adrenal Arterial Embolization for Bilateral Idiopathic Hyperaldosteronism: A Prospective Cohort Study

Primary Aldosteronism Due to Adrenal Hyperplasia (Bilateral) Clinical Trial

— SAAE-BIH  

Official title:

Efficacy and Safety of Percutaneous Superselective Adrenal Arterial Embolization in the Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism With Bilateral Idiopathic Hyperaldosteronism: A Prospective Cohort Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Enrolling by invitation

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05186675
• Other study ID #: 2021NDEFY21
• Status: Enrolling by invitation
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 1, 2022
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: December 2021
• Source: Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The most common two subtypes of primary aldosteronism (PA ) are aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists is the main treatment for bilateral IHA, because of its side effects, the treatment compliance of those patients is poor. Hence, an alternative therapy is needed in such cases. We hypothesized that superselective adrenal artery embolization (SAAE) could be a suitable alternative approach. To our knowledge, SAAE has so far not been applied to treat bilateral IHA. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SAAE in the treatment of PA patients with bilateral IHA.

Description:

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary hypertension, accounting for more than 5% of the general hypertensive cases and 17-20% of resistant hypertension.The most common PA subtype is bilateral idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), and medical therapy with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) is recommended for these patients.The clinical studies showed that PA patients had more cardiovascular events than patients with essential hypertension independent of blood pressure, and PA patients with higher plasma aldosterone levels had a higher cardiovascular risk. However, MRAs are unable to reduce the level of plasma aldosterone. Moreover, the undesirable adverse effects of MRAs also limit their wide application, particularly in men.

Superselective adrenal artery embolization (SAAE) has been used as a minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of adrenal tumors. The clinical efficacy of SAAE has been proved by a number of clinical studies. Since the efficacy and safety of SAAE was justified by the treatment of adrenal tumors and APA, we hypothesized that SAAE might cause a significant reduction of blood pressure in cases of hypertension caused by bilateral IHA. Here, we intend to conduct a prospective cohort study to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of SAAE for bilateral IHA with a one-month follow-up.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Enrolling by invitation
• Enrollment: 50
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: December 31, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• (1) Age 18-60 years old, regardless of gender; (2) After strict drug elution, it met the diagnostic criteria of primary aldosteronism, and bilateral idiopathic aldosteronism was confirmed by adrenal venous sampling; (3) Blood pressure conditions meet one of the following: 1) Office blood pressure = 140/90mmHg; 2) Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring:whole day blood pressure > 130/80 mmHg or daytime blood pressure > 135/85 mmHg; (4) Adrenal CT showed adrenal hyperplasia, nodules or no obvious morphological abnormalities; (5) The course of hypertension is more than 6 months; (6) The patient or his legal representative shall sign the written informed consent approved by the ethics committee before screening.

Exclusion Criteria:

• (1) Primary hypertension or secondary hypertension with other causes; (2) A woman who is pregnant or lactating, or has a birth plan in the next year; (3) There are serious organic diseases, especially liver and kidney dysfunction; (4) Severe allergy to contrast medium; (5) Other serious organic diseases, life expectancy < 12 months; (6) Adrenal CT showed adenoma. (7) Patients are enrolled or want to participate in other clinical studies. During the enrollment study, the results of this study will be affected.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital
• Adrenogenital Syndrome
• Hyperaldosteronism
• Hyperplasia
• Primary Aldosteronism Due to Adrenal Hyperplasia (Bilateral)

Intervention

Procedure:
• superselective adrenal arterial embolization
Superselective adrenal arterial embolization is an operation to inject embolic agent into adrenal artery through catheter to embolize part of adrenal gland, so as to reduce the secretion of adrenal hormone and reduce blood pressure

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University	Nanchang	Jiagxi

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (10)

Dong H, Zou Y, He J, Deng Y, Chen Y, Song L, Xu B, Gao R, Jiang X. Superselective adrenal arterial embolization for idiopathic hyperaldosteronism: 12-month results from a proof-of-principle trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2021 May 1;97 Suppl 2:976-981. doi: 10.1002/ccd.29554. Epub 2021 Feb 19. — View Citation

Fowler AM, Burda JF, Kim SK. Adrenal artery embolization: anatomy, indications, and technical considerations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Jul;201(1):190-201. doi: 10.2214/AJR.12.9507. Review. — View Citation

Funder JW, Carey RM, Mantero F, Murad MH, Reincke M, Shibata H, Stowasser M, Young WF Jr. The Management of Primary Aldosteronism: Case Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 May;101(5):1889-916. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-4061. Epub 2016 Mar 2. — View Citation

Hokotate H, Inoue H, Baba Y, Tsuchimochi S, Nakajo M. Aldosteronomas: experience with superselective adrenal arterial embolization in 33 cases. Radiology. 2003 May;227(2):401-6. Epub 2003 Apr 3. — View Citation

Inoue H, Nakajo M, Miyazono N, Kanetsuki I, Miyake S, Hokotate H, Iida K, Niwatsukino H, Matsumoto Y, Tanaka D, et al. Treatment of aldosteronoma with superselective intraarterial injection of absolute ethanol. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 1994 Feb 25;54(2):154-62. — View Citation

Inoue H, Nakajo M, Miyazono N, Nishida H, Ueno K, Hokotate H. Transcatheter arterial ablation of aldosteronomas with high-concentration ethanol: preliminary and long-term results. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997 May;168(5):1241-5. — View Citation

Kometani M, Yoneda T, Demura M, Karashima S, Mori S, Oe M, Sawamura T, Okuda R, Yamagishi M, Takeda Y. The Long-term Effect of Adrenal Arterial Embolization for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism on Cardiorenovascular Protection, Blood Pressure, and the Endocrinological Profile. Intern Med. 2016;55(7):769-73. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5196. Epub 2016 Apr 1. — View Citation

Monticone S, Burrello J, Tizzani D, Bertello C, Viola A, Buffolo F, Gabetti L, Mengozzi G, Williams TA, Rabbia F, Veglio F, Mulatero P. Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Primary Aldosteronism Encountered in Primary Care Practice. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Apr 11;69(14):1811-1820. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.01.052. — View Citation

Zhang H, Li Q, Liu X, Zhao Z, He H, Sun F, Hong Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Shen R, Bu X, Yan Z, Zheng H, Yang G, Zhu Z; Chongqing Endocrine Hypertension Collaborative Team. Adrenal artery ablation for primary aldosteronism without apparent aldosteronoma: An efficacy and safety, proof-of-principle trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2020 Sep;22(9):1618-1626. doi: 10.1111/jch.13960. Epub 2020 Aug 27. — View Citation

Zhao Z, Liu X, Zhang H, Li Q, He H, Yan Z, Sun F, Li Y, Zhou X, Bu X, Wu H, Shen R, Zheng H, Yang G, Zhu Z; Chongqing Endocrine Hypertension Collaborative Team. Catheter-Based Adrenal Ablation Remits Primary Aldosteronism: A Randomized Medication-Controlled Trial. Circulation. 2021 Aug 17;144(7):580-582. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054318. Epub 2021 Aug 16. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring	24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor	one month after SAAE
Primary	Office blood pressure	sphygmomanometer	one month after SAAE
Secondary	plasma aldosterone	reagent	one month after SAAE
Secondary	potassium levels	reagent	one month after SAAE
Secondary	adverse events	follow-up	one month after SAAE