Developmental Coordination Disorder Clinical Trial
Official title:
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): A Therapeutic Intervention for Motor Impairments in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD).
Transcrainial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has become increasingly popular over the past
decade. tDCS is a safe and well-studied form of non-invasive brain stimulation. The purpose
of the current study is to see if tDCS can improve motor function in children with
developmental coordination disorder.
Non-invasive brain stimulation is shown to positively affect motor performance in children
with neurodevelopmental and/or neurological conditions. For example, tDCS improves hand motor
function in children with paediatric stroke and cerebral palsy. The benefits of tDCS in
developmental coordination disorder is unknown. The current study will assess children's
motor performance before and after tDCS intervention.
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder
characterized by impairments in coordinated motor abilities. Affected individuals show
differences in brain maturation and early motor development, negatively impacting performance
on everyday living tasks such as writing and participation in sports. Currently, there are
few evidence-based therapeutic interventions for individuals diagnosed with DCD, and most are
time consuming with modest effect sizes [1]. There is a pressing need to develop efficient,
effective interventions to improve motor performance in children with DCD, as impairments
often last into adulthood and can negatively impact long-term physical and mental health as
well as social and academic abilities.
The ability to enhance endogenous motor learning systems with non-invasive brain stimulation
is now well established in adults [2, 3]. Research studies have demonstrated the same
potential in the developing brain. For instance, tDCS can significantly enhance the
acquisition of motor skills over a few brief training sessions in typically developing school
aged children, with lasting effects [4]. Recent clinical trials in children with cerebral
palsy and neonatal stroke also suggest therapeutic efficacy in children with motor impairment
[5, 6, 7]. However, the use of tDCS in pediatric populations is limited [8]. As tDCS has been
associated with improved motor outcomes in adults and children with motor impairment, it may
be an effective intervention for children with DCD. This however has not been investigated.
Research Questions & Objectives:
The current study will investigate the therapeutic benefits of tDCS in adolescents with DCD.
The primary aim is to determine changes in motor skill acquisition and learning during a
skill-training paradigm that is paired with anodal tDCS or sham tDCS. We hypothesize that
when compared to the sham tDCS group, the treatment tDCS group will show enhanced motor
learning on tests of motor functioning.
Secondarily we will also examine sensorimotor changes following tDCS intervention and
pediatric brain stimulation safety/tolerability.
Methods:
A randomized, sham controlled clinical trial including a final sample of 30 school aged
children diagnosed with DCD will be conducted. The current study will be using a
well-supported stimulation protocol, utilized in children and adolescents in the absence of
adverse side effects.
;
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