Intraoperative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Blood Flow at the Time of Surgical Hip Reduction for DDH

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Clinical Trial

Official title:

Use of Intraoperative Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound to Evaluate Femoral Head Perfusion in Infants With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip at the Time of Surgical Reduction

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03107520
• Other study ID #: 16-013583
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Early Phase 1
• Start date: May 22, 2017
• Est. completion date: April 2028

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
• Contact: Wudbhav N Sankar, MD
• Phone: 215-590-1527
• Email: sankarw[@]chop.edu
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study evaluates the feasibility and utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound to provide real-time assessment of blood flow to the femoral head in infants undergoing surgical reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Description:

For children presenting with late-diagnosed developmental dysplasia of the hip, a closed or open hip reduction followed by hip spica casting may be indicated if conservative treatment fails. Although closed or open reduction and casting is largely successful for relocating a hip, iatrogenic avascular necrosis remains a major source of morbidity as a result of the surgical procedure. Although recent evidence has demonstrated that postoperative gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) studies may be useful in assessing perfusion of the hip after surgery, these studies are not performed until after the cast is placed and they do not elucidate the specific intraoperative steps that increase risk for osteonecrosis. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may be a reliable and effective alternative.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 125
• Est. completion date: April 2028
• Est. primary completion date: April 2025
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 4 Months to 24 Months

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males or females between 4 months and up to and including 24 months of age at the time of surgery.
• Diagnosed with DDH.
• Failed conservative treatment and are undergoing closed or open reduction and spica casting.
• Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• > 24 months of age at the time of surgery.
• Subjects with DDH who are successfully treated with conservative measures and do not require surgical reduction.
• Previous open hip reduction of the affected side
• Children with known complex congenital heart disease or unstable cardiopulmonary conditions (as noted in the package labeling for Lumason) including acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary artery syndromes, worsening or unstable congestive heart failure or serious ventricular arrhythmias will be excluded.
• History of allergic reaction to Lumason, sulfur hexafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride lipid microsphere components, or other ingredients in Lumason (polyethylene glycol, distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol sodium (DPPG-Ns), palmitic acid).Parental/guardian permission (informed consent) and if appropriate, child assent.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
• Hip Dislocation, Congenital

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)
An intraoperative CEUS of the dysplastic femoral head will be performed after surgical reduction of the femoral head and during placement of the spica cast.

Drug:
• Lumason
Administration of Lumason contrast agent to improve visualization of epiphyseal vascularity in the femoral head.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Bracco Diagnostics, Inc

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (4)

Darge K, Papadopoulou F, Ntoulia A, Bulas DI, Coley BD, Fordham LA, Paltiel HJ, McCarville B, Volberg FM, Cosgrove DO, Goldberg BB, Wilson SR, Feinstein SB. Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in children for non-cardiac applications: a review by the Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR) and the International Contrast Ultrasound Society (ICUS). Pediatr Radiol. 2013 Sep;43(9):1063-73. doi: 10.1007/s00247-013-2746-6. Epub 2013 Jul 11. — View Citation

Gornitzky AL, Georgiadis AG, Seeley MA, Horn BD, Sankar WN. Does Perfusion MRI After Closed Reduction of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Reduce the Incidence of Avascular Necrosis? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 May;474(5):1153-65. doi: 10.1007/s11999-015-4387-6. — View Citation

Rosenbaum DG, Servaes S, Bogner EA, Jaramillo D, Mintz DN. MR Imaging in Postreduction Assessment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Goals and Obstacles. Radiographics. 2016 May-Jun;36(3):840-54. doi: 10.1148/rg.2016150159. Epub 2016 Apr 1. — View Citation

Tiderius C, Jaramillo D, Connolly S, Griffey M, Rodriguez DP, Kasser JR, Millis MB, Zurakowski D, Kim YJ. Post-closed reduction perfusion magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of avascular necrosis in developmental hip dysplasia: a preliminary report. J Pediatr Orthop. 2009 Jan-Feb;29(1):14-20. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181926c40. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Visualization of epiphyseal vascularity in the femoral head	The visualization of epiphyseal vascularity on the sonogram from intraoperative CEUS will be assessed by a trained sonographer and musculoskeletal radiologist administering the CEUS and reviewing the images.	1 day
Secondary	Comparison of CEUS and Post-Operative Imaging	The images obtained via intraoperative CEUS will be compared to standard-of-care postoperative perfusion MR imaging and 1-year follow-up radiographs.	Approximately 3 years
Secondary	Estimate and predict the likelihood of developing avascular necrosis	To estimate the relationship and predict the likelihood of developing avascular necrosis (outcome variable) and CEUS performance (explanatory variable) as measured by CEUS score	Approximately 3 years