Effect of Breastfeeding on Maternal and Child Health Outcomes Clinical Trial
— PROBITOfficial title:
Breastfeeding Promotion RCT and Child Metabolic Syndrome
| NCT number | NCT01561612 |
| Other study ID # | 190250 |
| Secondary ID | R01HD050758FOOD- |
| Status | Completed |
| Phase | N/A |
| First received | |
| Last updated | |
| Start date | June 1996 |
| Verified date | September 2023 |
| Source | Harvard Pilgrim Health Care |
| Contact | n/a |
| Is FDA regulated | No |
| Health authority | |
| Study type | Interventional |
The overall goal of the PROBIT study is to investigate the influence of a randomized breastfeeding promotion intervention designed to increase the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding ("the breastfeeding promotion intervention") on the development of maternal and child health outcomes. The hypothesis is that randomization to the intervention will be associated with lower child adiposity, lower risk of asthma and atopy, improved lung function, and improved cognitive outcomes.
| Status | Completed |
| Enrollment | 17046 |
| Est. completion date | |
| Est. primary completion date | December 1998 |
| Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
| Gender | All |
| Age group | N/A to 3 Days |
| Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Birth at one of 34 Maternity Hospitals in Republic of Belarus - Breastfeeding initiated at birth, with no contraindications to breastfeeding - Apgar score >=5 at 5 minutes - Full term gestation - Birth weight > 2500g |
| Country | Name | City | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belarus | Maternal and Child Health Center | Minsk |
| Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
|---|---|
| Harvard Pilgrim Health Care | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), European Union EarlyNutrition program, University of Bristol |
Belarus,
Anderson EL, Fraser A, Martin RM, Kramer MS, Oken E, Patel R, Tilling K; PROBIT Study. Associations of postnatal growth with asthma and atopy: the PROBIT Study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013 Mar;24(2):122-30. doi: 10.1111/pai.12049. Epub 2013 Feb 3. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Chalmers B, Hodnett ED, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Shapiro S, Collet JP, Vanilovich I, Mezen I, Ducruet T, Shishko G, Zubovich V, Mknuik D, Gluchanina E, Dombrovskiy V, Ustinovitch A, Kot T, Bogdanovich N, Ovchinikova L, Helsing E; PROBIT Study Group (Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial). Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT): a randomized trial in the Republic of Belarus. JAMA. 2001 Jan 24-31;285(4):413-20. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.4.413. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Chalmers B, Hodnett ED, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Shapiro S, Collet JP, Vanilovich I, Mezen I, Ducruet T, Shishko G, Zubovich V, Mknuik D, Gluchanina E, Dombrovsky V, Ustinovitch A, Ko T, Bogdanovich N, Ovchinikova L, Helsing E. Promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial (PROBIT): a cluster-randomized trial in the Republic of Belarus. Design, follow-up, and data validation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2000;478:327-45. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Fombonne E, Igumnov S, Vanilovich I, Matush L, Mironova E, Bogdanovich N, Tremblay RE, Chalmers B, Zhang X, Platt RW; Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group. Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child behavior and maternal adjustment: evidence from a large, randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2008 Mar;121(3):e435-40. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-1248. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Fombonne E, Matush L, Bogdanovich N, Dahhou M, Platt RW. Long-term behavioural consequences of infant feeding: the limits of observational studies. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2011 Nov;25(6):500-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01211.x. Epub 2011 Jun 26. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Guo T, Platt RW, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Vanilovich I, Mezen I, Ducruet T, Shishko G, Bogdanovich N. Does previous infection protect against atopic eczema and recurrent wheeze in infancy? Clin Exp Allergy. 2004 May;34(5):753-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.1940.x. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Guo T, Platt RW, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Collet JP, Shapiro S, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Vanilovich I, Mezen I, Ducruet T, Shishko G, Bogdanovich N. Infant growth and health outcomes associated with 3 compared with 6 mo of exclusive breastfeeding. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Aug;78(2):291-5. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.2.291. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Guo T, Platt RW, Shapiro S, Collet JP, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Vanilovich I; PROBIT Study Group. Breastfeeding and infant growth: biology or bias? Pediatrics. 2002 Aug;110(2 Pt 1):343-7. doi: 10.1542/peds.110.2.343. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: a systematic review. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2004;554:63-77. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4242-8_7. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Martin RM, Sterne JA, Shapiro S, Dahhou M, Platt RW. The double jeopardy of clustered measurement and cluster randomisation. BMJ. 2009 Aug 21;339:b2900. doi: 10.1136/bmj.b2900. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Matush L, Bogdanovich N, Aboud F, Mazer B, Fombonne E, Collet JP, Hodnett E, Mironova E, Igumnov S, Chalmers B, Dahhou M, Platt RW. Health and development outcomes in 6.5-y-old children breastfed exclusively for 3 or 6 mo. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Oct;90(4):1070-4. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28021. Epub 2009 Aug 26. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Matush L, Bogdanovich N, Dahhou M, Platt RW, Mazer B. The low prevalence of allergic disease in Eastern Europe: are risk factors consistent with the hygiene hypothesis? Clin Exp Allergy. 2009 May;39(5):708-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03205.x. Epub 2009 Mar 3. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Matush L, Vanilovich I, Platt R, Bogdanovich N, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Shishko G, Mazer B; Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group. Effect of prolonged and exclusive breast feeding on risk of allergy and asthma: cluster randomised trial. BMJ. 2007 Oct 20;335(7624):815. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39304.464016.AE. Epub 2007 Sep 11. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Matush L, Vanilovich I, Platt RW, Bogdanovich N, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Shishko G, Collet JP, Martin RM, Davey Smith G, Gillman MW, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Shapiro S; PROBIT Study Group. Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: evidence from a large randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;86(6):1717-21. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1717. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Matush L, Vanilovich I, Platt RW, Bogdanovich N, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Shishko G, Collet JP, Martin RM, Smith GD, Gillman MW, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Shapiro S. A randomized breast-feeding promotion intervention did not reduce child obesity in Belarus. J Nutr. 2009 Feb;139(2):417S-21S. doi: 10.3945/jn.108.097675. Epub 2008 Dec 23. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Moodie EE, Dahhou M, Platt RW. Breastfeeding and infant size: evidence of reverse causality. Am J Epidemiol. 2011 May 1;173(9):978-83. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq495. Epub 2011 Mar 23. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Moodie EE, Platt RW. Infant feeding and growth: can we answer the causal question? Epidemiology. 2012 Nov;23(6):790-4. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31826cc0e9. No abstract available. — View Citation
Kramer MS, Vanilovich I, Matush L, Bogdanovich N, Zhang X, Shishko G, Muller-Bolla M, Platt RW. The effect of prolonged and exclusive breast-feeding on dental caries in early school-age children. New evidence from a large randomized trial. Caries Res. 2007;41(6):484-8. doi: 10.1159/000108596. Epub 2007 Sep 18. — View Citation
Kramer MS. "Breast is best": The evidence. Early Hum Dev. 2010 Nov;86(11):729-32. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.08.005. Epub 2010 Sep 16. — View Citation
Kramer MS. Allergy after breast feeding. Testing hypotheses: reply. BMJ. 2007 Nov 24;335(7629):1061-2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39395.414144.80. No abstract available. — View Citation
Kramer MS. Breastfeeding and allergy: the evidence. Ann Nutr Metab. 2011;59 Suppl 1:20-6. doi: 10.1159/000334148. Epub 2011 Dec 21. — View Citation
Kramer MS. Breastfeeding, complementary (solid) foods, and long-term risk of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;91(3):500-1. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29199. Epub 2010 Jan 27. No abstract available. — View Citation
Kramer MS. Long-term behavioral consequences of infant feeding: the limits of observational studies. J Pediatr. 2010 Apr;156(4):523-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Feb 10. No abstract available. — View Citation
Kramer MS. Methodological challenges in studying long-term effects of breast-feeding. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2009;639:121-33. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8749-3_10. No abstract available. — View Citation
Martin RM, Kramer MS, Dahhou M, Platt RW, Patel R, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Davey Smith G; Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group. Do gastrointestinal tract infections in infancy increase blood pressure in childhood? A cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010 Dec;64(12):1068-73. doi: 10.1136/jech.2009.090894. Epub 2009 Nov 5. — View Citation
Martin RM, Patel R, Kramer MS, Guthrie L, Vilchuck K, Bogdanovich N, Sergeichick N, Gusina N, Foo Y, Palmer T, Rifas-Shiman SL, Gillman MW, Smith GD, Oken E. Effects of promoting longer-term and exclusive breastfeeding on adiposity and insulin-like growth factor-I at age 11.5 years: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2013 Mar 13;309(10):1005-13. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.167. — View Citation
Martin RM, Patel R, Zinovik A, Kramer MS, Oken E, Vilchuck K, Bogdanovich N, Sergeichick N, Gunnarsson R, Grufman L, Foo Y, Gusina N. Filter paper blood spot enzyme linked immunoassay for insulin and application in the evaluation of determinants of child insulin resistance. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46752. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046752. Epub 2012 Oct 8. — View Citation
Patel R, Lawlor DA, Kramer MS, Davey Smith G, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Martin RM. Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: evidence from the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT). Ann Hum Biol. 2011 Sep;38(5):592-602. doi: 10.3109/03014460.2011.577752. Epub 2011 May 19. — View Citation
Patel R, Lawlor DA, Kramer MS, Smith GD, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Martin RM. Socio-economic position and adiposity among children and their parents in the Republic of Belarus. Eur J Public Health. 2011 Apr;21(2):158-65. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq041. Epub 2010 Apr 23. — View Citation
Patel R, Martin RM, Kramer MS, Oken E, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Smith GD, Lawlor DA. Familial associations of adiposity: findings from a cross-sectional study of 12,181 parental-offspring trios from Belarus. PLoS One. 2011 Jan 27;6(1):e14607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014607. — View Citation
Patel R, Oken E, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Sevkovskaya Z, Chalmers B, Hodnett ED, Vilchuck K, Kramer MS, Martin RM. Cohort profile: The promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial (PROBIT). Int J Epidemiol. 2014 Jun;43(3):679-90. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyt003. Epub 2013 Mar 7. — View Citation
Tilling K, Davies N, Windmeijer F, Kramer MS, Bogdanovich N, Matush L, Patel R, Smith GD, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM; Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) study group. Is infant weight associated with childhood blood pressure? Analysis of the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2011 Oct;40(5):1227-37. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr119. Epub 2011 Sep 3. — View Citation
Tilling K, Davies NM, Nicoli E, Ben-Shlomo Y, Kramer MS, Patel R, Oken E, Martin RM. Associations of growth trajectories in infancy and early childhood with later childhood outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec;94(6 Suppl):1808S-1813S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.001644. Epub 2011 Jun 1. — View Citation
Yang S, Fombonne E, Kramer MS. Duration of gestation, size at birth and later childhood behaviour. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2011 Jul;25(4):377-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01193.x. Epub 2011 Apr 26. — View Citation
Yang S, Kramer MS. Paternal alcohol consumption, family transition and child development in a former Soviet country. Int J Epidemiol. 2012 Aug;41(4):1086-96. doi: 10.1093/ije/dys071. Epub 2012 May 13. — View Citation
Yang S, Platt RW, Kramer MS. Variation in child cognitive ability by week of gestation among healthy term births. Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Feb 15;171(4):399-406. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp413. Epub 2010 Jan 15. — View Citation
Yang S, Tilling K, Martin R, Davies N, Ben-Shlomo Y, Kramer MS. Pre-natal and post-natal growth trajectories and childhood cognitive ability and mental health. Int J Epidemiol. 2011 Oct;40(5):1215-26. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr094. Epub 2011 Jul 15. — View Citation
* Note: There are 37 references in all — Click here to view all references
| Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Gastrointestinal tract infection | Occurrence of 1 or more episodes of gastrointestinal tract infection | 12 months of age | |
| Secondary | Maternal adiposity | 6.5 and 11.5 years postpartum | ||
| Secondary | Child adiposity | Throughout childhood | ||
| Secondary | asthma | 6.5 and 16 years | ||
| Secondary | cognition | 6.5 and 16 years | ||
| Secondary | dental caries | 6.5 years | ||
| Secondary | child behavior | 6.5 years | ||
| Secondary | vision | 16 years | ||
| Secondary | lung function | 16 years | ||
| Secondary | IGF-1 | IGF from dried bloodspots | Age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | child height | Research measures of length/height | throughout childhood | |
| Secondary | adiponectin | adiponectin from dried bloodspot | age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | Apo A1 | Apo A1 in dried bloodspots | Child age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | glucose | fingerstick glucose measured by glucometer | child age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | insulin | insulin measured on dried blood spots | child age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | Apo B | Apo B measured in dried blood spots | Child age 11.5 years | |
| Secondary | Child blood pressure | Research measures of blood pressure at ages 6.5, 11.5 and 16 years | throughout childhood | |
| Secondary | Maternal blood pressure | Research measure of maternal blood pressure | 11.5 years postpartum | |
| Secondary | Child metabolic syndrome | Age 11.5 years | ||
| Secondary | Child growth | Growth in weight, length, weight for length, BMI, and other measures | Throughout childhood | |
| Secondary | Respiratory tract infections | Number of respiratory infections, from review of medical record | to age 12 months and throughout childhood | |
| Secondary | Atopic Eczema | Eczema from review of medical record, parent report,and direct examination | Throughout childhood | |
| Secondary | Atopy | Skinprick tests for allergy | Age 6.5 years | |
| Secondary | Eating Attitudes | Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) Questionnaire | Age 11.5 years |