Electrical Stimulation After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Osteoarthritis Clinical Trial

Official title:

NMES for Older Individuals After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00224913
• Other study ID #: 5R01HD041055
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 1
• First received: September 21, 2005
• Last updated: October 11, 2005
• Start date: March 2002

Study information

• Verified date: October 2005
• Source: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
• Contact: Lynn Snyder-Mackler, PT, ScD
• Phone: 302-831-3613
• Email: smack[@]udel.edu
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Federal Government
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is performed more than 300,000 times a year in the United States, most often for osteoarthritis (OA). While pain is predictably reduced, function does not typically ever reach that of age-matched, uninjured subjects. Quadriceps weakness has been implicated in the development and progression of knee OA and is a significant problem after TKA. Voluntary exercise has been ineffective at restoring quadriceps strength after TKA. The aims of this study are: 1) to assess the effectiveness of high-level neuromuscular electrical stimulation as an adjunct to ongoing intensive, early rehabilitation in restoring quadriceps strength and improving the functional outcome after primary TKA, and 2) to identify the physiological and morphological bases for improvements in quadriceps strength and functional outcome.

Description:

Reduced muscle strength from illness or injuries often leads to loss of function and independence in the elderly. The recovery of muscle strength and function in disabled elderly individuals is a major challenge in rehabilitation. The etiology of the muscle weakness with injury or age is not fully elucidated. Training programs designed to maximize strength gains in young individuals may not be optimal in the elderly because the cause of the weakness and the morphology of the muscle may be different for young vs. old people. The overall goal of this work is to determine if physiologically and morphologically based rehabilitation programs are more effective than traditional rehabilitation to counter changes in muscle strength and function in older individuals. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may be used to improve strength and function following injury or surgery. This study provides motivation for exploring the use of NMES with the elderly. We posit that using NMES to augment a traditional rehabilitation program for elderly patients with osteoarthritis following total knee arthroplasties (TKA) will result in greater strength and functional gains than using only traditional rehabilitation. Elderly patients with osteoarthritis who undergo TKAs serve as ideal subjects for testing the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs become those patients almost always exhibit marked quadriceps weakness that is resistant to traditional physical rehabilitation. More than 300,000 TKAs are performed each year in the United States to treat osteoarthritis of the knee in older individuals. So, the successful rehabilitation of elder patients following TKA is an important and challenging problem. The specific aims of this proposal are: 1) To assess the effectiveness of high-level neuromuscular electrical stimulation is an adjunct to ongoing intensive, early rehabilitation in restoring quadriceps strength and improving the functional outcome after primary TKA, and 2) To identify the physiological and morphological bases for improvements in quadriceps strength and functional outcome

A total of 200 subjects will participate in this study. Functional and strength testing provides information for the patients’ clinical treatment and allow us to monitor their progress. This information will also help in the design of a training program for individuals following a total knee replacement that optimizes the return to full level of function after surgery. MRI screening will provide information regarding the size of the thigh muscle at various periods throughout rehabilitation. It will enable us to assess the impact of post-operative treatment on increasing the size of the thigh muscle. Patients will be asked to participate in functional and strength testing sessions, lasting about 1½ hours, at the following times: 0-2 weeks before surgery, 3-4 weeks, 6-7 weeks, 10-12 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. MRI testing will last about 30 minutes per session and will be performed 0-2 weeks before surgery, and 3-4 weeks, 10-12 weeks, and 1 year after surgery.

Functional testing will include 5 parts: a timed walking test, a timed stair climbing test, a timed balance test, a timed step test, and a six-minute walk test. A strength test will be used to assess the strength of the thigh muscles.

The second part of this study involves treatment. Patients participate in 6 weeks of physical therapy, 3 times per week. They are randomly assigned to one of 2 groups. One group will participate in a traditional rehabilitation program. The other group will receive electrical stimulation for strengthening of the thigh muscle in addition to the traditional rehabilitation program.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 200
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 45 Years to 85 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• TKA for unilateral tricompartmental knee OA

Exclusion Criteria:

• Insulin dependent diabetes

• neurological conditions

• other lower extremity orthopedic problems that affect function

• BMI>40

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Single Blind, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Osteoarthritis
• Total Knee Arthroplasty

Intervention

Procedure:
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation

• Voluntary exercise

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	University of Delaware	Newark	Delaware

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (7)

Mizner RL, Petterson SC, Snyder-Mackler L. Quadriceps strength and the time course of functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005 Jul;35(7):424-36. — View Citation

Mizner RL, Petterson SC, Stevens JE, Axe MJ, Snyder-Mackler L. Preoperative quadriceps strength predicts functional ability one year after total knee arthroplasty. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug;32(8):1533-9. — View Citation

Mizner RL, Petterson SC, Stevens JE, Vandenborne K, Snyder-Mackler L. Early quadriceps strength loss after total knee arthroplasty. The contributions of muscle atrophy and failure of voluntary muscle activation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 May;87(5):1047-53. — View Citation

Mizner RL, Snyder-Mackler L. Altered loading during walking and sit-to-stand is affected by quadriceps weakness after total knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Res. 2005 Sep;23(5):1083-90. Epub 2005 Mar 28. — View Citation

Mizner RL, Stevens JE, Snyder-Mackler L. Voluntary activation and decreased force production of the quadriceps femoris muscle after total knee arthroplasty. Phys Ther. 2003 Apr;83(4):359-65. — View Citation

Stevens JE, Mizner RL, Snyder-Mackler L. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps muscle strengthening after bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a case series. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2004 Jan;34(1):21-9. — View Citation

Stevens JE, Mizner RL, Snyder-Mackler L. Quadriceps strength and volitional activation before and after total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. 2003 Sep;21(5):775-9. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Quadriceps Strength
Primary	Quadriceps Activation
Primary	Functional Tests
Secondary	Self reports of function