View clinical trials related to Nervous System.
Filter by:Based on the relative shortage of ophthalmic surgeons in China, the long micromanipulation cycle and the existing micromanipulation training methods have their own limitations, such as traditional operating in porcine eyes limited to synchronous guidance and evaluation, while surgical simulators are very different for the simulation of real tissues, and the price is expensive and easy to lose. Based on these, the development of a digital training system, that is, based on traditional micromanipulation platforms such as animal tissue, physical microscopic instruments supplemented by synchronous surgical guidance and evaluation, can combine the advantages of traditional training and simulator, so as to improve the efficiency of ophthalmic surgeon training, and also provide digital ideas for other disciplines based on traditionally surgical teaching.
For many after spinal cord injury (SCI) there is immobilization, muscle atrophy, bone loss, fracture risk during transferring (or falls), and the risk of secondary complications, and increase in attendance care and cost. It is important to develop multi dimensional rehabilitation strategies for people after SCI to enhance functional recovery towards walking, and enhance an increase in muscle and bone to potentially prepare the injured nervous system in the event of a cure. Locomotor training (Stand retraining and step re training) an activity-based rehabilitative approach generates muscle activity and provides weight bearing and joint contact kinetics, even in individuals who are unable to stand or step independently. Cross-sectional animal and human SCI studies have demonstrated that locomotor training (LT) (stand retraining and step retraining using body weight support treadmill training) has improved the capacity to stand independently and walk at faster speeds. Neuromuscular stimulation (NMS) or electrical stimulation (ES) training is a rehabilitative approach that generates muscle activity, alternating leg extension and flexion even in individuals who are unable to stand or step independently. NMS studies for individuals after SCI have shown improvements in bone density and muscle strength after cycling and resistance training. The main purpose of this study is to address whether stand retraining and NMS compared to stand retraining alone or NMS alone will increase neural and musculoskeletal gains and provide a greater functional recovery towards independent standing. This project will be completed at two sites: Kessler Foundation Research Center (the grant PI site) and Frazier Rehabilitation Institute, University of Louisville, Kentucky.
Background: - An ongoing study is looking at American Indians who have kidney problems caused by type 2 diabetes. Kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes is a major problem in American Indians. We previously found that early treatment of kidney disease with losartan was probably beneficial for reducing progression of the disease. Researchers now want to see if these benefits continue to be seen several years after the end of the treatment study. Objectives: - To study long-term benefit of losartan treatment for diabetic kidney disease in American Indians with type 2 diabetes. Eligibility: - Participants in the American Indian diabetic kidney disease study (OH95-DK-N037). Design: - Participants will have a physical exam and medical history before starting the study. Blood and urine samples will be collected. - Participants will have a set of tests as part of this study. Those who have severe kidney problems, such as kidney failure, will only have a basic kidney exam with scans. The remaining participants will have a full urine collection and analysis. They will also provide a kidney biopsy. - Treatment will not be provided as part of this study.
Obesity is the consequence of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Recent studies have suggested that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) may be an important determinant of the rate of energy expenditure in man. Indirect assessments of the sympathetic nervous activity in Pima Indians have recently shown impaired SNS-mediated energy expenditure in this obesity-prone population. We plan to perform direct microelectrode nerve recording of the sympathetic innervation of the lower leg to directly assess SNS activity and examine its potential role in the regulation of metabolic rate and the development of obesity. Measurements will be performed in the basal state, in response to glucose feeding (75 g OGTT) and in response to glucose/insulin infusion. These studies also will help to disassociate the effect of insulin and glucose on the stimulation of SNS activity. Energy expenditure measurements will be performed over 24 hours in the respiratory chamber and for 2 1/2 hours before and during the euglycemic clamp. Results also will be used to determine possible racial differences between Pimas and Caucasians, since the risk for obesity is markedly different in these populations. To exclude the possibility of a "normal" SNS activity but with peripheral resistance to the action of norepineprine, we will perform adrenergic stimulation by isoproterenol to measure peripheral adrenergic sensitivity.