View clinical trials related to Neonate.
Filter by:This thesis aims to assess the safety and efficacy of usage of cuffed ETT in neonate undergoing elective surgeries.
This study will be to compare the forces applied to mannequin airways (at epiglottis and at palate) during direct laryngoscopy and indirect video laryngoscopy with two kinds of blades (straight blade and hyper-angulated blade)
Multiple pregnancies are associated with increased maternal and fetal risks compared to singleton pregnancies. Additionally, the cesarean section rate is quite high in multiple pregnancies. This study aimed to evaluate maternal and fetal characteristics and factors affecting fetal outcomes in twin pregnancies delivered by cesarean section.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders complicating the course of pregnancy, which concerns pre-pregnancy diabetes (PGDM) - most often type 1 or type 2; and gestational diabetes (GDM) - treated with diet (G1) or insulin (G2). Currently, in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the regulation of glucose metabolism, the role of tissue hormones, including adipokines, e.g., omentin-1, visfatin, have been considered. Adipokines might also affect the development of the fetus - mainly fetal adipose tissue gain. Their concentrations and activity depend on the maternal visceral fat content and concomitant metabolic disorders. It is known that adipokines are excreted in human milk during the lactation period. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of diabetes during pregnancy, requiring treatment with diet or insulin, on the nutritional status of the newborn.
Frequently, neonates hospitalized in neonatology units require anesthesia for surgery. The drugs used for this purpose are opioids and other anesthetics, such as propofol. Currently, the administration of anesthesia is difficult in neonates due to the neurological immaturity of these patients, the scarcity of adequate pharmacological studies, the prolonged use of one or more sedatives prior to surgery and the limited usefulness of current anesthetic monitoring devices in this population. Electroencephalography (EEG), which has allowed estimation of anesthetic depth in other populations, has been less explored in neonates. To date, there are no EEG markers, correlated with a given dose of anesthesia, that allow an adequate administration in this kind of patients. In this context, a better understanding of the anesthetic effect in the neonatal brain would allow defining characteristic EEG patterns, improving the estimation of anesthetic depth and anesthetic dosage in neonates.
Visibly traumatic as well as microtraumatic lumbar punctures (LP) are very common in the neonatal period. The presence of blood makes it difficult to interpret cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) findings. Clinicians often perform a repeat LP in the hope that some of the red blood cells would have cleared by then, allowing a better interpretation of the CSF findings. There is no published information whether a repeat LP provides any added information to the original traumatic LP, and if so what is the best time to repeat an LP after a traumatic LP. In this randomised controlled trial (RCT), we plan to randomly allocate neonates following a visibly traumatic LP to either undergo a repeat LP at 24 hours or 48 hours later to determine which LP gives more accurate results.
The study is primary designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of early feeding after bowel anastomosis, and observe the effect of early postoperative feeding on promoting postoperative rehabilitation and reducing parenteral nutrition
Patent ductus arteriosus or PDA is a blood vessel that connects the right and left side of the heart that usually closes after birth but remains open in some premature infants born before 30 weeks' gestation. When this blood vessel remains open for a long time, it may cause problems such as bleeding in the lung and brain, lung injury due to prolonged need of ventilator, and poor kidney function. It sometimes becomes necessary to close this blood vessel in the preterm infant. Currently, this blood vessel can be closed either by medication or surgery. Pain medications such as Ibuprofen and Indomethacin are routinely used medications to close PDA. However, in the last 5 year, acetaminophen has been found as an alternative medication to close PDA in preterm infants. In multiple studies, acetaminophen is found to be a safe alternative medication with lower side effects than current standard management. Intravenous Ibuprofen is approved by FDA to treat PDA in preterm infants. Although not approved by FDA, oral ibuprofen is being used for the management of PDA. However, the success rate of a single medication is approximately 70%. Both medications have been used in the previous clinical studies to treat the same condition in the preterm infants and fewer side effects were reported. Mechanism of both medications to close PDA is different and may work more effectively together than single medication alone. In this study, the investigator are going to use these two medications (Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen) at the same time if the child needs treatment and is eligible to participate in this study. This study is based on the assumption that by using both medications at the same time, investigator can close this blood vessel more effectively than with either drug alone.
Newborn infants in the neonatal intensive care nursery experience multiple, painful tissue damaging procedures daily. Preterm especially extremely low birth weights and critically ill newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) undergo repeated skin-breaking procedures that are necessary for their survival. Sucrose is the accepted clinical standard nonpharmacological intervention for managing acute procedural pain for these infants. However its role in extremely low birth weight infants still need to be addressed. The exact dose and concentration of oral sucrose is still not clear. When a Medline search was carried out to evaluate the role of two different concentrations (12% vs 24%) of oral sucrose in reducing pain in extremely low birth weight babies, very limited data was available. Cochrane Systemic Review also indicated that specific attention to the efficacy and safety of sucrose administration in extremely low birth weight preterm infants needs to be further investigated. More so, no work on this aspect was identified from the Indian subcontinent. Hence, the current study was planned with an aim to study the effects of 12% and 24% oral sucrose in extremely low birth weight infants during initiation of venipuncture and also study the side effects if any associated with these concentrations. This is a preliminary work on this topic, the results would therefore need to be interpreted with caution. However, the findings and the study design of this work will provide suitable platform for future well powered studies on this population.
The heart rate variability assessment of the sympathetic-parasympathetic balance is a strong analytical tool in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) physiology, at each end of life. In neonatology, it represents an important marker for understanding the breath and cardiac dysfunction, incriminated in the pathophysiology of unexplained death syndrome and apnea-bradycardia of prematurity. If recent clinical studies conducted by our team highlight a close link between the maturation degree of the ANS and gestational or postnatal age, with a substantial autonomic dysfunction in preterm infants, no study to date has focused profile autonomic maturation in the first two years of life, as that period for the infant is a vulnerability "window" especially cardiopulmonary and neurological. Psychomotor prognosis of newborns is more serious if prematurity is important and if periventricular leukomalacia or cortical anatomical brain lesions are obvious. However, the conventional imaging (Trans fontanel ultrasound, CT, MRI) is not sufficient in the neonatal period to thoroughly evaluate the neurological risk situations. During the neonatal period, the assessment of autonomic control, in practice easily quantifiable from time and frequency-domain analysis of cardiac RR variability, could be a strong marker, at a given time, from a neurological disorder undetectable by imaging, including sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve conduction dysfunction in some brainstem nuclei and cortical areas. The postnatal profile of the autonomic balance, as a marker of well ANS regulation could become an additional support to correlate transient or permanent autonomic deficit with a psychomotor development disorder at 2 years of age or later. This tool could be a help to target the children with a neurological risk and to schedule early therapeutic interventions and psychological or educational support.