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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT06080971
Other study ID # persistent neonatal jaundice
Secondary ID
Status Not yet recruiting
Phase
First received
Last updated
Start date October 13, 2023
Est. completion date March 31, 2025

Study information

Verified date October 2023
Source Assiut University
Contact Elham Allam Ahmed
Phone 01025435054
Email elhamallam4111@gmail.com
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Describe demographic and clinical data of neonates & childern with (PNNJ) admitted to neonatology , hepatology & hematology units of Assiut university children hospital(AUCH). Describe the distribution of etiologies of (PNNG) in neonates & children at AUCH. Assess the outcome of (PNNJ) in neonates & childern admitted to AUCH .


Description:

(persistent ) Prolonged neonatal jaundice (PNNJ)is defined as a serum bilirubin level higher than 85 μ mol/L (5 mg/dl) with yellowish discoloration of the skin ,sclera and conjunctiva , which persists at postnatal 14 days in full term infants and 21 days following the birth in preterm infants . Etiologically it is important to distinguish jaundice type , is it unconjugated (indirect) or conjugated (direct)hyperbilirubinemia. A prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is mostly caused by breastfeeding(which is the most common identified cause for prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia , It is known that breastmilk jaundice is seen at a rate of 1.3% in newborn infants and 2.4-25% in infants fed with breastmilk ) or to some pathological conditions such as hemolytic diseases (due to hereditary spherocytosis ,elliptocytosis or G6PD deficiency), congenital hypothyroidism, urinary infection, Crigler-Najjar or Gilbert syndromes ,pyloric stenosis ,sepsis. Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Cholestatic jaundice ) is never physiologic. It affects 1/2,500 live births and it should be suspected in all jaundiced infants with light stools and dark urine , The differential diagnosis of cholestasis is extensive and a step-wise approach based on the initial history and physical examination is useful to rapidly identify the underlying etiology, Early recognition of neonatal cholestasis is essential to ensure timely treatment and optimal prognosis. (causes Include infections, anatomic abnormalities of the biliary system, endocrinopathies, genetic disorders ,cystic fibrosis, metabolic abnormalities, toxin and drug exposures, vascular abnormalities, neoplastic processes, and other miscellaneous causes , the most commonly identifiable causes are biliary atresia (BA) (25%-35%), genetic disorders (25%), metabolic diseases (20%), and a1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency (10%) ; other pathological causes of prolonged conjugated hyperbilirubinemia are TORCH-S infections, Neonatal hepatitis syndrome, Choledochal cyst , Inspissated bile syndrome, Galactosemia ,Alagille syndrome & Hereditary bile acid synthesis disorders. Diagnosis : is made according to the physical examination(skin ,stool & urine color, organomegaly) , clinical presentation , investigations &imaging findings. The clinical presentation of(PNNJ) include yellowish discoloration of skin ,sclera &conjunctiva with change in color of stool &urine with or without organomegally persistent for more than 14 days in full term infants &21 days in preterm infants. investigations: include CBC, serum total &direct Bilirubin , urine analysis &culture , Coombs' test, thyroid function tests, G6PD level, LFT, blood film, GAL1PUT, alpha - 1 antitrypsin test , screening for TORCH ,Ultrasonography of the abdomen. Investigations for cholestatic jaundice :fine needle or true cut needle liver biopsy , magnetic resonance cholangiopacreatography (MRCP),endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Mortality/morbidity: - Kernicterus or bilirubin encephalopathy, typically in infants It occurs when the unconjugated bilirubin levels cross 25 mg/dL in the blood it gets deposited in the brain tissue. The neurotoxicity leads to various neurologic sequelae as poor feeding ,irritability, a high-pitched cry ,no startle reflex ,lethargy , apnea , seizures ,cerebral palsy ,hearing loss ,learning disabilities. - Liver cell failure &cirrhosis with portal hypertension are complications of neonatal cholestasis. Treatment Phototherapy, intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), and exchange transfusion are the most widely used therapeutic modalities in certain instance as Gilbert syndrome medications as Phenobarbital an inducer of hepatic bilirubin metabolism a new therapy currently under development consist of inhibition of bilirubin production through blockage of heme oxygenase by using mesoporphyrins & protoporphyins . Treatment of Cholestatic jaundice depend mainly on cause of cholestasis ,all neonates & children should receive fat soluble vitamins (A,K,E,D),surgical intervention (kasai procedure)or even liver transplantation may be done.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Not yet recruiting
Enrollment 100
Est. completion date March 31, 2025
Est. primary completion date December 31, 2024
Accepts healthy volunteers
Gender All
Age group 14 Days to 18 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - All neonates and children with prolonged neonatal jaundice admitted to Neonatology , hepatology & hematology units at Assiut university children hospital through the period from 1/1/2024 to 31/12/2024. Exclusion Criteria: - Neonates with neonatal jaundice lasts less than 14 days in full term and 21 days in preterm infants

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Locations

Country Name City State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Assiut University

References & Publications (3)

Feldman AG, Sokol RJ. Neonatal Cholestasis. Neoreviews. 2013 Feb 1;14(2):10.1542/neo.14-2-e63. doi: 10.1542/neo.14-2-e63. — View Citation

Moyer V, Freese DK, Whitington PF, Olson AD, Brewer F, Colletti RB, Heyman MB; North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Guideline for the evaluation of cholestatic jaundice in infants: recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004 Aug;39(2):115-28. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200408000-00001. Erratum In: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004 Sep;39(3):306. — View Citation

Siu SL, Chan LW, Kwong AN. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of infants with prolonged neonatal jaundice. Hong Kong Med J. 2018 Jun;24(3):270-276. doi: 10.12809/hkmj176990. Epub 2018 May 25. — View Citation

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Describe demographic and clinical data of neonates & childern with (PNNJ) admitted to neonatology , hepatology & hematology units of Assiut university children hospital(AUCH) Assess the outcome of (PNNJ) in neonates & childern admitted to AUCH . Describe the distribution of etiologies of (PNNG) in neonates & children at AUCH. Baseline
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