Parkinson Disease Clinical Trial
Official title:
Genetic Characterization of Parkinson's Disease
This study will explore the risks and causes of Parkinson's disease, a chronic progressive
nervous system disorder. Patients typically have tremors, muscle weakness and a shuffling
gait.
Patients with Parkinson's disease, their relatives and healthy volunteers may be eligible
for this study. Candidates must be 18 years of age or older. Patients whose parkinsonism is
due to a secondary cause, such as infection or injury, and healthy volunteers who have a
first degree family member (parent, grandparent, child, sibling) with Parkinson's disease
are excluded from enrollment.
Participants are asked about possible symptoms they may have and about their general health.
They provide a blood sample to obtain DNA for genetic analysis to look for genetic
differences that might be related to risks for Parkinson's disease. White blood cells may be
treated in the laboratory to grow a cell line, which provides a source of substances in the
blood without having to draw samples repeatedly.
Parkinson's disease (PD) was noted to have a familial component as early as 1880. More
recently, the discovery of several genetic factors influencing Parkinson's disease has
emphasized the importance of heredity in PD.
Objective: The goal of this protocol will be to contribute to the genetic understanding of
Parkinson's disease. Clinical data will be collected in order to document the features of
Parkinson's disease in affected individuals (phenotyping). Genetic characterization will be
undertaken for the discovery of specific genes which cause or contribute to the risk for
Parkinson's disease (genotyping).
Design: The study design has two components. The first (aim 1) involves positional cloning
for gene discovery in families with apparent Mendelian inheritance. The second (aim 2) will
utilize an association study design, using genetic case-control methods for assessment of
genetic risk factors. We will examine individuals affected by Parkinson's disease and their
family members towards Specific Aim 1. Specific Aim 2 will involve evaluation of individuals
with apparent sporadic Parkinson's disease, and also, healthy adult volunteers who will be
recruited as control subjects.
Outcome Measures:
Primary Outcome Measures for Specific Aim 1 are:
1. The identification of new genes causal for Parkinson's disease.
2. The identification of new mutations in known genes.
Primary Outcome Measures for Specific Aim 2 are:
1. The discovery of gene variants which confer risk for Parkinson's disease.
2. The validation of already reported polymorphisms as risk factors for PD.
Secondary Outcome Measures (both Specific Aims 1 and 2): Genotype/phenotype correlations for
specific genetic forms of Parkinson's disease. For example, we will assess if a particular
age of onset, cardinal or secondary feature of PD or associated clinical course is
associated with a given genotype.
Future Direction: Because 1) the larger sample base the greater the likelihood of the
discovery of genes of minor effect and 2) discoveries of genetic risk factors require
validation in additional sample series, it is likely that renewal of this protocol will be
sought after five years.
Study Population: We aim to enroll a total of 2500 subjects over five years. These will
include approximately 500 samples for the Mendelian studies (Specific Aim 1), and 2000 for
association studies (Specific Aim 2). These estimates are based both on feasibility and on
statistical power. Subjects will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center.
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