View clinical trials related to Metabolic Syndrome.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a blueberry powder on insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and vascular reactivity in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
The study will enroll 68 overweight male and female subjects with a high (> 2 3dl-can soda/day) consumption of sweetened beverage per day. After a run-in period of 4 weeks, subjects will be randomized to either a 12-week intervention arm in which sweetened beverages will be replaced by artificially sweetened, calorie-free beverages, or to a control arm. The following measurements will be performed at the end of the run-in period and at the end of the intervention period - intrahepatic fat concentration - visceral fat volume - changes in day-long metabolic profile from baseline(plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations) - changes in food intake and daily energy, carbohydrate and sugars intake from baseline
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a growing social health problem world-wide, in particular with respect to its contribution to cardiovascular disease. The progressive increase in prevalence of DM2 has reached epidemic proportion and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in all populations around the world. Conventional stepwise treatment of DM2 generally focuses on controlling blood glucose concentration. However, the risk for side-effects associated with the use of pharmacological intervention often delays initiation of therapy, with the potential implication on worsening morbidity and mortality from complications. On the other hand, non-pharmacological intervention in the form of dietary restrictions, exercise and weight loss, is safe but often difficult to accomplish. The availability of nutrients that affect glucose and lipid metabolism would provide an important practical tool to establish early intervention in newly diagnosed DM2 and perhaps even in patients who are only "at risk" for DM2. The investigators have recently obtained preliminary data on beneficial effects of combined supplementation of lycopene and isoflavones on glucose metabolism of normoglycemic volunteers with insulin resistance. This clinical trial will explore the role of isoflavones and lycopene dietary supplementation in the improvement of glucose metabolism of patients at increased risk or with established but mild DM2. The overall hypothesis is that supplementation of laflavon, provided as a new formulation that increases bioavailability of the individual components (Laflavon CamMedica contains 7 mg of Lycopene and 50 mg of Soy Isoflavones), determines improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance of patients with the metabolic syndrome and also reduces HbA1c in patients with mild DM2.
The purpose of this study is to understand why Hispanics who are overweight have a higher incidence of fatty liver disease.
The purpose of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of xanthohumol (XN). Small amounts of xanthohumol occur naturally in hops, used to make beer, and XN is also found in beer itself. Studies in animals have shown that XN can lower blood sugar and blood lipids such as triglycerides, which can contribute to heart disease. The purpose of this study is to see how much of the XN is absorbed into the blood and how fast it leaves the body when taken by mouth. Once the PK study has been done, the investigators' long-term goal is to learn if xanthohumol can lower risk factors for heart disease and type-2 diabetes in humans.
Diabetes and heart associations continue to discourage high intakes of dietary fructose, a constituent part of the sucrose molecule that is found in fruits and vegetables as a natural sugar and in some processed foods and beverages as an added sweetener. The concern relates to its ability to increase certain blood fats and cholesterol, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evidence for an adverse effect of fructose on these risk factors, however, is inconclusive. To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations for fructose are based, the investigators therefore propose to study the effect of fructose on blood fats, cholesterol, sugars, blood pressure, and body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
The investigators have previously demonstrated that Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) are associated with several chronic diseases in humans and that blood AGE levels can be significantly reduced by simply changing the way food is cooked. This is an interventional-randomized study in which we are trying to determine whether a diet low in AGE followed for 1 year can effectively reduce circulating AGE levels as well as markers of the metabolic syndrome in a group of patients with these abnormal markers.
The obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disease (2-4% of the general population) that generates intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation. OSAS is associated with various metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes. OSAS is a risk factor for cardio-vascular diseases by increasing morbidity/mortality. OSAS patients suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a symptom also responsible for at least 30% of traffic accidents but also other cognitive disorders with significant impact on quality of life. OSAS generates oxidative stress, inflammation and resistance to insulin and other systemic metabolic dysregulation of many whose levels are correlated with the severity of the disease. Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) has clearly demonstrated its effectiveness to eliminate apneas and improve EDS but it is sometimes difficult to accept and/or poorly tolerated, limiting its effectiveness. Weight loss and regular physical activity are clearly recommended but rarely done in clinical practice. A few studies have applied to study the effects of rehabilitation training (REE) on the sleep apnea patients and have shown an improvement in sleep quality, reduction of awakenings and arousals from sleep and the Index of Apnea/Hypopnea (AHI), but their methodology was questionable, and the number of patients included was too low. The investigators hypothesis is that an in-patient multidisciplinary rehabilitation program comprising educational activities, dietary management and individualized exercise training (IET) will decrease OSAS severity, improve sleep quality and symptoms (EDS, fatigue, QoL). This IET program (24 sessions during 4 weeks) could also help to improve many metabolic dysregulation, inflammation and oxidative stress (also markers of cardiovascular risk). Leptin, a hormone involved in regulating appetite, energy expenditure and ventilatory control is increased in OSA (mechanism of leptin resistance). The improved sensitivity to leptin may play a role in enabling a better control of ventilation in these patients.
Rationale for this study: Correction of hypocholesteremia and insulin resistance after successful eradication of HCV by combination therapy of interferon and ribavirin has been shown in several studies. The majority of these studies examined genotype 1 and some genotype 3 patients, but it is not clear if the same results can be achieved in other genotypes of HCV. Moreover, clinical data of the relationships between different adipocytokines, metabolic profiles, and HCV and treatment is of value to further understand the mechanisms for HCVrelated metabolic alterations. The present proposal is designed to address the paradox of HCV-related metabolic alterations/adipocytokine alterations and to determine how BMI influences the HCV-related metabolic alteration/adipocytokine aterations by collecting and analyzing the samples from humans with HCV infection prior to and after combination of peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin For metabolic alternations: Lipid profile: After treatment, responders in both genotype I and II will experience more increase of cholesterol levels and LDL levels than nonresponders/ relapseres. Insulin resistance: After treatment, responders with both genotype I and II will experience more decrease of HOMA-IR than nonresponders/ relapseres; higher percentage of responders will achieve HOMA-IR < 2 than nonresponders/ relapseres B. For adipocytokine alternation, this study is more of exploratory propose as there is still little well established consensus.
Current obesity prevention emphasizes caloric restriction and avoidance of high fat foods. The result is an approach that replaces dietary fat with carbohydrates. There has, however, since been an obesity epidemic with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type II diabetes. Negative results from trials of low fat diets for weight loss, prevention of heart disease and malignancies are consistent with the inadequacy of low fat/high carbohydrate approach. One of the findings of trials comparing low fat, calorie reduced diets to ad lib carbohydrate restricted diets is that subjects randomized to a low carbohydrate intake lose more weight despite equivalent intake. This equates to a 200 kcal/day greater weight loss on a carbohydrate restricted diet. Some investigators have speculated the metabolic advantage of carbohydrate restriction is due to increased energetic costs of gluconeogenesis. Alternatively, carbohydrate restriction is associated with increases in spontaneous physical activity. This protocol has three aims. First, adherence to a carbohydrate restricted diet in subjects with metabolic syndrome will cause an increase in spontaneous physical activity, independent of weight changes. Second, cardiometabolic risk factors (ApoB, TG, HDL, blood pressure, CRP) will show greater improvement on a carbohydrate restricted diet compared to a low-fat, high carbohydrate diet. Finally the investigators will interview a sub-sample of participants to better understand quality of life issues with respect to the dietary assignment or lifestyle intervention. The investigators will recruit 72 participants with MetS, from the Metabolic Syndrome Program at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver. Individuals will be randomized to either a low-carbohydrate diet or a calorie restricted, low fat diet and followed for 6 months. The investigators will measure body composition with bioelectrical impedance at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The investigators will also examine cardiometabolic changes due to the standard lifestyle intervention compared to the carbohydrate restricted treatment. The investigators will examine blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-chol, HDL-chol, C-reactive protein, apolipoprotein B, glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c and leptin at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The investigators will use accelerometers to assess changes in physical activity. The investigators will use three-way repeated-measures ANOVA, with changes in body weight and insulin levels as covariates in the model with time as the repeated factor for statistical analyses.