Evaluation of Sleep Quality, Nutrition, Anxiety and Depression in Mastalgia

Mastodynia Clinical Trial

Official title:

Evaluation of Sleep Quality, Nutrition, Anxiety and Depression in Mastalgia

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04690218
• Other study ID #: 2020/86
• Status: Completed
• Start date: January 1, 2021
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: January 2022
• Source: Nigde Omer Halisdemir University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The aim of this study is to investigate the sleep quality, anxiety and depression levels in women with mastalgia using internationally validated scales. Additionally the investigators aim to question the amount and frequency of consumption of nutritional elements which are known to aggravate mastalgia. Finally by combining and analyzing the information gathered, the investigators intend to set light to the etiopathologic and clinic aspects of mastalgia.

Description:

Mastalgia is encountered in 70% of premenopausal women and is one of the most frequent reasons for attending general surgery clinics. In most of the cases no physical cause is demonstrated and the etiopathogenesis is still not yet determined. In 1949 Patey, for the first time, proposed that mastalgia might be a psychologically based problem. In the following years, research was focused in this issue and some articles were published demonstrating the relationship of anxiety, depression and high stress levels with mastalgia. The efforts for finding out the etiopathologic mechanism and defining the risk factors revealed that smoking and consumption of tea, coffee and carbonated beverages in particular worsen mastalgia whereas essential fatty acids (especially gamma linoleic acid) provides a symptomatic relief. Additionally it is known that sleep irregularities cause serious deterioration in daily life quality as well as can exaggerate some medical, neurologic and/or psychiatric conditions. More than half of the population experience sleep irregularities from time to time and chronic sleep disturbances effect 20% of adult population in western countries. Therefore sleep irregularities might have contributing effects in the etiopathogenesis and/or symptomatology of therapy resistant conditions like mastalgia.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 217
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: December 31, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Having mastalgia as a presenting symptom (mastalgia group)

• Presence of mastalgia confirmed by a general surgeon (mastalgia group)

• Absence of mastalgia (control group)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previously diagnosed breast carcinoma (both groups)

• Previously exposed to thoracic radiotherapy (both groups)

• Previous breast or thoracic surgery for any reason (both groups)

• Presence of Tietze syndrome (both groups)

• Use of nutritional supplements (both groups)

• Presence of any self-perceived pain (control group)

• Presence of psychogenic based conditions and psychosomatic illnesses (control group)

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Depression
• Mastodynia

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Hospital anxiety and depression scale
Self assessment scale suitable for hospital community as well as public community. Applying the scale does not require any psychopathologic training.
• Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Self assessment scale for public community. Applying the scale does not require any specially trained personnel.

Behavioral:
• Nutritional Status Questionnaire
It consists of 26 items, questioning the frequency and amount of certain nutritional elements (ones known to worsen and benefit mastalgia) consumed by the individual.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Turkey	Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University Training and Research Hospital	Nigde

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Turkey, 

References & Publications (12)

Ader DN, South-Paul J, Adera T, Deuster PA. Cyclical mastalgia: prevalence and associated health and behavioral factors. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2001 Jun;22(2):71-6. — View Citation

Barthlen GM, Stacy C. Dyssomnias, parasomnias, and sleep disorders associated with medical and psychiatric diseases. Mt Sinai J Med. 1994 Mar;61(2):139-59. Review. — View Citation

Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213. — View Citation

Colegrave S, Holcombe C, Salmon P. Psychological characteristics of women presenting with breast pain. J Psychosom Res. 2001 Jun;50(6):303-7. — View Citation

Idiz C, Çakir C, Ulusoy AI, Idiz UO. The Role of Nutrition in Women with Benign Cyclic Mastalgia: A Case-Control Study. Eur J Breast Health. 2018 Jul 1;14(3):156-159. doi: 10.5152/ejbh.2018.3827. eCollection 2018 Jul. — View Citation

Johnson KM, Bradley KA, Bush K, Gardella C, Dobie DJ, Laya MB. Frequency of mastalgia among women veterans. Association with psychiatric conditions and unexplained pain syndromes. J Gen Intern Med. 2006 Mar;21 Suppl 3:S70-5. — View Citation

Kanat BH, Atmaca M, Girgin M, Ilhan YS, Bozdag A, Özkan Z, Yazar FM, Emir S. Effects of Mastalgia in Young Women on Quality of Life, Depression, and Anxiety Levels. Indian J Surg. 2016 Apr;78(2):96-9. doi: 10.1007/s12262-015-1325-5. Epub 2015 Aug 28. — View Citation

Mollayeva T, Thurairajah P, Burton K, Mollayeva S, Shapiro CM, Colantonio A. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index as a screening tool for sleep dysfunction in clinical and non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2016 Feb;25:52-73. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.01.009. Epub 2015 Feb 17. Review. — View Citation

PATEY DH. Two common non-malignant conditions of the breast; the clinical features of cystic disease and the pain syndrome. Br Med J. 1949 Jan 15;1(4593):96-9. — View Citation

Preece PE, Mansel RE, Hughes LE. Mastalgia: psychoneurosis or organic disease? Br Med J. 1978 Jan 7;1(6104):29-30. — View Citation

Soldatos CR, Paparrigopoulos TJ. Sleep physiology and pathology: pertinence to psychiatry. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2005 Aug;17(4):213-28. Review. — View Citation

Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. — View Citation

* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score is four point likert type scale. It consists of 14 questions. Questions 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 address anxiety whereas questions 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 address depression. Achievable minimum score of the scale is 0 and the maximum score is 42. The cut-off score for depression is 7 and for anxiety is 10. Scores higher than 7 indicate high anxiety levels and scores higher than 10 indicate the presence of depression.	9 months
Primary	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index consists of 7 component. The possible scoring range of the scale is 0-21. The high scores indicates bad sleep quality. The cutt-off value is 5.	9 months
Primary	The amount of nutritional elements consumed which worsen mastalgia	Calculated as the number stated by the individual (times consumed per day/week/month)	9 months
Secondary	The amount of other nutritional elements consumed	Calculated as the number stated by the individual (times consumed per day/week/month)	9 months