View clinical trials related to Major Depression.
Filter by:Background: - Drugs and talk therapy help treat depression, but these treatments usually take quite a bit of time to work. Ketamine is a fast-acting antidepressant, but it has side effects like unusual dreams and experiences. The drug AV-101 may have the same antidepressant effects but fewer side effects. Researchers want to see if it is effective and safe for people with major depressive disorder. Objective: - To see if the drug, AV-101 is safe and if it treats symptoms of major depressive disorder. Eligibility: - Adults ages 18-65 with major depression without psychotic features. Design: - Participants will be screened under a separate protocol. - Participants will stay in the hospital for 12-14 weeks. - Phase 1 (2-7 weeks): participants will stop taking their medicines then not take any for 2 weeks. They will have several scans and other procedures. - Phase 2 (6-7 weeks): 2 weeks each of study drug and placebo once a day, with 2 weeks of no drugs in between. - Participants will have: - Physical exams - Interviews - Frequent blood collection. A needle will place a small plastic tube in the arm. Some blood samples will be taken through this tube. - 2 spinal taps (optional). The back will be numbed. A needle will insert a catheter between back bones. That will be left in for up to 30 hours. Spinal fluid will be collected through it. - 5 scans. Participants will lie in a machine with a magnetic field. The machine takes pictures of the brain and brain chemicals. - At the end of the study, participants will have medical evaluation, questions, and blood tests. Some may continue treatment at the clinic.
The prevalence estimates for specific mental disorders and illicit drugs have been separately reported in U.S. government surveys. Less is known about the rates for specific comorbid conditions, e.g., schizophrenia and substance abuse, major depression and substance abuse, bipolar disorder and substance abuse, and anxiety disorder and substance abuse. The effects that different demographic characteristics (ethnic background, family medical history, age, living conditions [e.g., living with a single parent]) have on the prevalence of comorbid mental illness and substance abuse also have not been considered. More should be known about the duration of substance abuse in different mental illnesses among those undergoing treatment, and whether specific types of drugs are associated with specific mental illnesses. In this study, Advanced Clinical Laboratory Solutions, Inc. will investigate the prevalence rates for the specific comorbid conditions and demographic relationships described above. This multi-site, proof-of-concept cohort study will analyze urine or oral fluid samples from 1,000 subjects diagnosed with one of four mental illnesses (schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, or anxiety disorder) as determined by DSM-IV (The Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). The samples will be analyzed for both prescription drug compliance and illicit substance abuse. Urine or oral fluid samples will be collected at three time points: 1) immediately after enrollment and obtaining informed consent, 2) randomly within 2 to 4 months of the study, and 3) at the end of the study (6 months).
This study aims at evaluating the effect of electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant depressed patients on the major serotonin degrading enzyme in the human brain using neuroimaging methods, the monoamine oxidase A. Electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment option in severe cases of depression. However, the mechanisms underlying its effect remain uncertain, though variations within the serotonergic neurotransmitter system seem to be crucially involved.
The purpose of this study is to determine wether peer support is effective for the treatment of people with severe mental illness.
Background: Mindfulness has its origins in an Eastern Buddhist tradition that is over 2500 years old and can be defined as a specific form of attention that is non-judgemental, purposeful, and focused on the present moment. It has been well established in cognitive behavior therapy in the last decades, while it has been investigated in manualized group settings. Consequently, the demand to investigate mindfulness under effectiveness conditions in trainee therapists has been highlighted. Methods/Design: To fill in this research gap, the investigators designed the PrOMET-Study. In this study, the investigators will analyze the effects of brief, audio-tape presented, in-session mindfulness interventions conducted by both trainee therapists and their patients at the beginning of individual therapy sessions in a randomized, controlled longitudinal design under effectiveness conditions in a total of 30 trainee therapists and 150 patients in a large outpatient training center. The investigators hypothesize the mindfulness intervention will have positive effects on therapeutic processes and outcome in contrast to a progressive muscle relaxation and a treatment as usual group. The investigators will conduct multilevel modeling to address the nested data structure. Discussion: The study results could provide important practical implications, as they could inform ideas on how to improve clinical training of psychotherapists that could be implemented very, as there is no need for complex infrastructures or additional time concerning these brief, in-session mindfulness interventions that are directly implemented in treatment sessions.
The investigators propose to examine both resting state activity and functional activity during rumination and during self-processing to study the relationship between neural correlates of rumination/self-focus and self-processing in major depression and bipolar disorder.
To examine whether the medial prefrontal cortex displays an increased activity during self-referential processing among remitted depressed patients compared to healthy controls
Despite the public health importance of clinical depression, more than 50% of depressed adults receive inadequate or no treatment, with even higher rates of under-treatment in men and minorities. Family members and/or friends often assist older adults in their health care and may help overcome barriers to formal care, yet there is a lack of primary care-based interventions that mobilize family members and friends to improve depression treatment. In partnership with a community-based clinic, this research will address this scientific gap by developing and then testing the feasibility and acceptability of a family-based intervention that can be delivered pragmatically in a primary care setting serving large numbers of older minorities.
Dysfunctioning executive functioning, including working memory (WM), is related to rumination. Findings show that working memory capacity (WMC) can be increased by training. The current study explored by means of a double-blind randomized controlled trial whether an adaptive WM training could reduce rumination, anxiety and depression in a sample of 98 depressed and anxious individuals.
Anxiety and depression are both associated with impairments in executive functions, including working memory (WM) which is needed to maintain and manipulate goal-relevant information. Due to these WM impairments anxious and depressed individuals have difficulties inhibiting and shifting from irrelevant (negative) information and updating goal relevant information. This study explored whether training WM decreases these impairments and reduces clinical symptoms and rumination. Eighty-four individuals diagnosed with major depression and forty-nine individuals with an anxiety diagnosis executed WM or control tasks three times a week, during four weeks. Before, after training and at a two months follow-up measurement depression and anxiety symptoms, WM capacity and rumination behaviour were assessed. Training WM did only result in a reduction of anxiety symptoms in the depression group. These findings are inconsistent with promising results of individual studies showing training WM result in an enlarged WM capacity and a decrease of psychopathological symptoms. However, our results are in line with recent meta-analyses and reviews which show that WM training do not lead to generalized effects and therefore, doubt the clinical relevance of WM training programs.