View clinical trials related to Liver Diseases.
Filter by:Patients who accept long-term parenteral nutrition tend to suffer from liver injury. The mechanism for this injury has two possible explanations. The first possible reason is intrinsic toxic effects of parenteral nutrition. The second is the basic pathological condition of intestinal failure which includes infection, bacterial translocation, etc. Cholestasis is the lethal presentation of this kind of liver disease. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. FXR serves as a sensor for bile acids and promotes enterohepatic clearance of bile acids by controlling the expression of genes involved in their transport and metabolism. Considering the activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) by vitamin D can induce FXR-related genes in the liver.The hypothesis of this study is that vitamin D plays a key role in the prevention and reversion of the liver via VDR and/or FXR signaling pathway. Using a mouse cholestasis model based on short bowel syndrome and parenteral nutrition, the researchers will investigate the dynamic change of plasma vitamin D level. Afterward, intravenous supplement of vitamin D was added to this model to demonstrate vitamin D can ameliorate cholestasis. An in vitro system was developed to investigate the importance of FXR signaling pathway in this effect.
To investigate the effect of enteral fish oil and UDCA on the time of cholestasis resolution and other markers of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease.
Despite efficient antiretroviral treatment for HIV infection, decrease in life expectancy remains. Excess mortality is mainly due to non-AIDS co-morbidity including cardiovascular, pulmonary, and liver related diseases. Both HIV-unrelated and HIV-related risk factors probably contribute to this pattern. At present, most evidence regarding co-morbidity in HIV infection rely on cross-study comparisons of HIV-infected persons with published population rates and few prospective studies in U.S. cohorts. Using well characterized participants from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS) as controls, we aim to include >1500 HIV-infected persons in the COCOMO study to determine if co-morbidity is more prevalent or develops at a higher rate in HIV-infected persons. The study will asses 1) cardiovascular, 2) pulmonary and 3) liver-related co-morbidity using uniformly collected data in the two cohorts. The investigators aim to study the relative impact of HIV-unrelated and HIV-related factors on development of co-morbidity.
This study plans to learn more about transfusion of a human blood component called plasma in patients who have liver problems. Patients are asked to be in this study because they have liver disease and therefore may require the transfusion of plasma. The dose of plasma required to reach certain blood clotting laboratory targets is usually determined by clinicians. Due to the complexity of the patient's blood clotting disorder, determining the appropriate dose of plasma is very difficult. The investigators have developed a dosing table based on information from other patients with liver disease and the investigators are testing it to see if it is a more accurate dosing tool then clinician chosen dosing of plasma in patients with liver disease who need one or more plasma transfusions
The purpose of this study is to determine whether Electrical Impedance Tomography can be used as sensitive and specific predictor in the detection of postoperative pulmonary complications (e.g. pneumonia, bronchitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, pulmonary embolism, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, spasms and obstructions of the airway) in patients undergoing epigastric surgery.
The investigators are trying to investigate metabolism of lactate sourced from IV Hartmann's solution in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) compared with a control group(donation for liver transplantation) with normal liver function. Second purpose of this study is finding the predictive factor of changing metabolism of lactate sourced from IV Hartmann's solution in patients with HCC.
Visceral obesity and adipose inflammation is considered a driving force of obesity-related systemic disease, e.g. cardiometabolic disease, liver cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inflammatory resolution is actively regulated by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including the endogenous eicosanoid LXA4. Impairment of SPMs may underlie development of obesity-related pathology.We hypothesize that obese patients who develop obesity-related disease do so because they suffer from impaired endogenous production of pro-resolving lipids. This will result in aggravated adipose inflammation and fibrosis, which contribute to the systemic pathologies. We thus wish to investigate adipose inflammation and the pro-resolving lipid profile of obese subjects with and without obesity associated metabolic disease. We also aim to investigate whether LXA4, LXB4 and other anti-inflammatory agents (such as AICAR) can alter the phenotype of human adipose macrophages in ex vivo tissue culture. We also investigate basic pathways in inflammatory regulation and obesity related cardiometabolic disease.
The study is an unblinded randomized trial, designed to examine whether gastric- or jejunal feeding tubes are the most effect full to feed patients with alcoholic liver diseases and non-sufficient oral intake. The primary outcome will be differences in nutrition intake between the groups. Secondary outcomes will be: the amount of unplanned tube discontinuations; handgrip and patients' quality of life, nausea & vomiting. The study will include 40 patients at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
Background: In a liver biopsy, a small piece of liver is removed. A percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) is done through a needle on the right side of your belly. In a transjugular liver biopsy (TLB), the right side of the neck is numbed and a straw-like tube is put in. The tube goes down to your liver and a piece of liver is removed. Researchers want to learn more about the pain people feel after each of these procedures. Objectives: To compare whether there is more pain associated with the PLB versus TLB. Eligibility: Adults 18 years or older enrolled in a separate protocol (91-DK-0214) for liver biopsy. They must be able to read, write, and speak English. Design: Under the separate protocol (91-DK-0214), participants will be screened and have a liver biopsy. Before the biopsy, participants will give their medical history. They will answer questions about past surgeries and how they feel about pain. Participants will have a pain test with a device called a dolorimeter. They will sit up with their feet on the ground, and put their thumbs on a table. They will feel pressure on each thumb until it they say it is painful. Before the biopsy and 2, 4, and 6 hours after the biopsy, they will answer pain questions.
The investigators are trying to evaluate the agreement of cardiac output measurements taken using the specific thermistor-tipped arterial catheter ( the VolumeView ™ catheter) and the EV1000 ™ monitoring platform ( Edward lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) with measurements taken using continuous pulmonary artery thermodilution cardiac output monitoring during orthotopic liver transplantation.