View clinical trials related to Intrauterine Growth Restriction.
Filter by:Tahneek is an Arabic word which means putting something sweet such as dates, in the infant's mouth after the birth. Neonatal hypoglycemia is common in the first few days after birth. Up to 15 % of normal newborn babies will have low blood glucose concentrations. It has been demonstrated that treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia with oral dextrose gel was more effective than feeding alone in reversing the hypoglycemia, and also reduced the rate of NICU admission. investigators study is using dates to asses its effect on hypoglycemia in infants at risk.
Approximately 10% of all pregnancies experience mal perfusion of the placenta resulting in fetal growth restriction (FGR) of the fetus. FGR is the most important cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Impaired placental function determined by insufficient transformation of the uterine arteries and mal-perfusion of the placenta is the leading cause of FGR. So far, there is no treatment option for pregnancies complicated by FGR and the clinical management is restricted to close monitoring, assessing for the optimal time point of delivery of the fetus threatened by intrauterine death. In a pilot study a risk reduction of 38% for the development of severe FGR and FGR or death could be demonstrated by giving the organic nitrate pentaerithrityl-tetranitrate (PETN) to patients recognized at risk for FGR by impaired uterine artery Doppler at mid gestation (Schleussner, 2014). To confirm these results this prospective randomized placebo controlled double-blinded multicentre trial, was initiated.
Fetal growth restriction during pregnancy represents one of the biggest risk factors for stillbirth (Gardosi et al, 2013), with 'about one in three term, normally formed antepartum stillbirths are related to abnormalities of fetal growth' (MBRRACE, 2015). Therefore, antenatal detection of growth restricted babies is vital in order to be able to monitor and decide the appropriate delivery timing. However, antenatal detection of SGA babies has been poor, varying greatly across trusts in England in those that calculate their rates (NHS England, 2016). Most trusts do not calculate their detection rates and rates are therefore unknown. It is estimated that routine NHS care detects only 1 in 4 growth restricted babies (Smith, 2015). Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, in partnership with the Oxford Academic Health Science Network (AHSN) has introduced a clinical care pathway (the Oxford Growth Restriction Pathway (OxGRIP)) designed to increase the rates of detection of these at risk babies. The pathway is intended to increase the identification of babies who are at risk of stillbirth, in order to try to prevent this outcome, whilst making best usage of resources, and restricting inequitable practice and unnecessary obstetric intervention. It has been developed with reference to a body of research, however, the individual parts of care provided have not been put together in a pathway in this manner before. Therefore it is important to examine whether the pathway meets its goals of improving outcomes for babies in a 'real world' setting. The principles of the pathway are 1. A universal routine scan at 36 weeks gestation. 2. Additional growth scans at 28 and 32 weeks gestation based on a simplified assessment of risk factors and universal uterine artery Doppler at 20 weeks gestation. 3. Assessment of further parameters other than estimated fetal weight associated with adverse perinatal outcome (eg growth velocity, umbilical artery Doppler and CPR). The clinical data routinely collected as a result of the introduction of the pathway offers a valuable and unique resource in identifying and analysing in the effects of the pathway on its intended outcomes and also in investigating and analysing other maternal, fetal and neonatal complications and outcomes, establishing normal / reference ranges for ultrasound values.
The purpose of this prospective cohort study is to build a large platform that includes clinical information (prenatal diagnosis and postnatal follow-up data) and biological specimen banks of fetuses/infants with IUGR or congenital anomalies, which provide vital support and research foundation for accurate diagnosis, precision treatment and meticulous management.
The study hypothesis is that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may have long-term effects on respiratory muscle (RM) function, thus leading to reduced exercise capacity later in life. The objective is to investigate the above hypothesis by comparing RM function and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters between school-aged children exposed to IUGR and healthy controls.
TREATMENT OF INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION WITH LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN.
High risk women for growth restricted fetuses will randomized in the second trimester into different strategies applied to the mothers: a stress reduction program based on mindfulness techniques or a nutrition interventional program based on Mediterranean diet.
When indicated, a conservative management plan of IUGR was undertaken. Doppler studies were performed within the last week before delivery The results of Umbilical artery (UA) Doppler velocimetry were categorized as normal , increased , absent, and reversed . Patients were admitted for close surveillance in the case of worsening of maternal or fetal conditions (e.g. absent or reversed UA blood flow, and severe preeclampsia). Tissue samples The general shapes of placentas were assessed. The collected placentas were weighed by trimming the membranes and umbilical cord. Then the diameters and thickness of placentas were noted. The position of insertion of umbilical cord on the fetal surface of placenta was observed. Transverse cuts were made through the maternal surface at a distance of 1-2 cm in bread loaf manner and examined for the pale areas. All placentas were immersed in 10% formalin overnight and examined on the next day. For each placenta, blocks containing cord, membrane and full thickness of villous tissue were prepared. Whole thickness villous tissue blocks were obtained from three zones, i)central zone ii) peripheral zone and iii) intermediate zone between the first two zones, so as to include all areas of placenta. Placental bed biopsies were obtained at Caesarean sections with direct visualization of the placental site. Biopsies of at least 1cm were taken. The specimens were fixed in buffered formalin. The tissues were processed and stained with Haematoxlyin and Eosin. Microscopic study of placenta was carried out utilizing a set of standard criteria for villous and intervillous lesions Immunohistochemistry Expression of VEGF and CD34 was analyzed in 75 (50 placenta of IUGR and 25 of control) placental villous tissues. Immunostaining was performed by the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. Evaluation of immunohistochemical staining To determine the MVD, the stained placental vasculature. Tissue sections were initially screened microscopically at low power (100×) to identify the areas of highest vascularization ("hot spots"). Evaluation of immunohistochemical staining of VEGF:
Preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are clinical manifestations of placental insufficiency. These complications affect 5-15% of pregnancies, and are responsible for up to 20% of preterm births. Women who develop PE during pregnancy also have an increased risk for cardiovascular events, both at short and long term. This justifies the need to improve diagnostic tools to identify patients at risk for these complications. PE and IUGR are multifactorial entities. Screening algorithms should thus include several parameters to achieve high detection rates. Research has mainly focused in the analysis of biophysical and biochemical parameters, and the study of the placenta itself has not been included in current diagnostic strategies. Investigators hypothesize that detection rates of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction could be improved by the study of placental characteristics in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Pregnancy is considered a cardiovascular (CV) stress test, and complicated pregnancies are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Moreover, it is known that often the pregnancy induced CV adaptation does not resolve completely after a short postpartum (PP) period and it is not clear whether these induced changes will resolve over a longer period of time (i.e. in the upcoming months/years after delivery). Understanding the cardiac adaptation during pregnancy and the reversal process in the postpartum period, as well as the factors that influence this these processes, may provide us not only insight in this mechanism, but may help us in identifying factors that may be target points for modification.