View clinical trials related to Intervention.
Filter by:In high-income societies the use of health care and medication is steadily increasing. Children have high morbidity, many visits at the general practitioner, an increasing number of hospitalisations, and an increasing use of medication. And, when children are ill, someone has to stay home to care for them. An un-explained global increase in the incidence of the allergic diseases eczema, wheezing, asthma and allergies means that 25% of high-income populations are affected. Cheap preventive measures are highly warranted. Recent studies have shown a positive, non-specific effect of early Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) immunisation on neonatal mortality in low-income countries and suggested a positive, non-specific effect on allergic disease in high-income countries. "Non-specific" means that the vaccine effect goes beyond prevention of the targeted disease, i.e. the BCG vaccine benefits the health status of the immunised individual in ways unrelated to protection against tuberculosis (TB). For instance, in a recent randomised trial in West Africa the investigators showed that the BCG vaccine at birth was safe in low birth weight (LBW) infants and significantly reduced neonatal mortality in these children, with a significant long-lasting effect on infant mortality in the smallest newborns with a birth weight <1.5 kg. There is an urgent need to explore the huge potential of the BCG's beneficial immune-stimulatory effects among children in high-income populations. Therefore, the investigators will carry out a large prospective randomised clinical trial in Denmark primarily designed to test the hypothesis that infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth experience 20% fewer hospitalisations during early childhood. Secondary outcomes 1. To test the hypothesis that infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth are prescribed less antibiotics during early childhood than non-BCG-immunised infants. 2. To test the hypothesis that Danish infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth develop less eczema, asthmatic bronchitis/wheeze and food allergy at 3 and 12 months of age: self-reported, diagnosed by a physician, or found at clinical examination; and are prescribed less anti-eczema/asthma/allergy medication during early childhood than non-BCG-immunised infants. 3. To test the hypothesis that infants who receive the BCG at birth respond in paraclinical measures: Specific IgE, thymic gland size, leucocyte count and differentiation, monocyte memory, cytokine profiles, and antibody titres following immunisation against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, pneumococcus, hemophilus. 4. To test the hypothesis that infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth respond in growth measures: weight, length and head circumference. 5. To test the hypothesis that infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth respond with decreased morbidity: common cold, pneumonia, febrile episodes, diarrhoea and vomiting, acute otitis media, febrile convulsions. 6. To test the hypothesis that premature infants with gestational age less than 37 weeks who get the BCG vaccine at birth have unaffected psychomotor development measures: Ages and Stages scores. 7. To test the hypothesis that infants who get the BCG vaccine at birth has unaffected coverage with the subsequent vaccinations in the Child Vaccination Programme. 8. To test the above mentioned hypotheses specifically in the strata of premature and low-birth-weight Danish infants.
Intention of the study is to examine, if the symptomatology of dual diagnosis patients is less severe after a special indication training for reduction of cannabis consumption in comparison to unspecified trainings. Point of interest is psychopathology and consumerism.
This proposed study will use previous study results to guide the development and evaluation of interventions to improve CRC screening acceptance. The proposed study will evaluate the impact of three interventions to promote CRC screening among siblings in this increased-risk group, who are not currently compliant with CRC screening guidelines: 1) a generic print intervention; 2) a tailored print intervention, and; 3) a tailored print plus tailored telephone counseling intervention.
This study is an investigator-initiated study. The study will be performed as a prospective, randomized, controlled multi-center trial to evaluate the safety and efficiency of Xpert stents compared to PTA in patients with chronic distal artery occlusions or stenosis undergoing catheter revascularization. Patients will be eligible for randomization if they are over 18 years old, if they undergo percutaneous catheter revascularization of an artery below the knee stenosis/occlusion that is less than 15 centimeters in length. Up to two vessels may be treated in this study. All lesions greater than 50% in the below the knee artery region have to be treated either with PTA or stenting according to the randomization.
America's greatest resource is its youth, but that resource is increasingly threatened by violence. Recommendations for violence prevention have highlighted the need to focus on youth and to explore targeted interventions Nowhere is the need greater than in our nation's capital where the intentional injury fatality rate for youth age 14-19 is higher than any of the 50 states. This study builds on the CDC-supported project Adolescent Violence: A Community-Based Strategy which instituted citywide surveillance on injuries, conducted by researchers at the Children's National Medical Center. In this study, the same researchers will extend that work by testing an individualized intervention to reduce violent behavior among a sample of assault-injured youth, age 9-15, who present at the Emergency department (ED). 196 youths and their families will be included in this randomized trial, with 98 families assigned to the individualized intervention condition and 98 families assigned to the control condition. Families will be followed for 18 months. To address issues of attrition over the 18 months that the study follows, approximately twice as many families, or 400 families, will be recruited to participate in the study.