View clinical trials related to Insulin Sensitivity.
Filter by:The human brain is an insulin sensitive organ. Brain insulin action modulates peripheral insulin sensitivity in young lean men. As a underlying mechanism, the investigators previously detected suppression of endogenous glucose production and stimulation of glucose disappearance to peripheral tissue in response to brain insulin delivery by nasal spray. Whether this holds true in young woman is unknown, since differences in brain insulin response between sexes have been reported. The investigators will address this question by combining the delivery of insulin to the brain as nasal spray with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp experiments in natural cycling women. In the planned randomized, placebo controlled cross-over study, female participants will undergo four hyperinsulinemic euglycemic experiments with tracer dilution, two in the first phase and two in the second phase of their menstrual cycle. On one of the study days per menstrual phase, subjects will receive intranasal insulin administration, on the other placebo spray. The protocol has been successfully applied previously in men. Based on the results of this trial, the investigators calculated a required sample size of N=10 for the planned study in women. These experiments will help to better understand the role of brain insulin action in a broader sense. The results can be the basis for larger clinical trials that address the sex-specific impact of brain insulin resistance for glucose metabolism and diabetes risk.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on body composition, blood pressure, insulin resistance, and academic self-efficacy in prehypertensive adolescent obese girls. Forty-eight prehypertensive adolescent obese girls participated in this study. The girls were randomly divided into the jump rope exercise intervention group (EX, n=24) and control group (CON, n=24). The EX group performed a jump rope training program at 40-70% of their heart rate reserve (HRR) 5 days/week for 12 weeks (sessions 50 minutes in duration). The CON group did not participate in any structure or unstructured exercise protocol. Blood pressure, body fat percentage, waist circumference, blood glucose and insulin, homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance, and Academic Self-Efficacy were measured before and after the 12-weeks study.
Modern living is associated with an epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sleep disturbances such as insomnia or frequent awakenings are strong risk factors for T2DM with several studies indicating a central role of melatonin. Additionally, a certain single nucleotide polymorphism in the melatonin receptor gene, MTNR1B rs10830963, with an allele frequency of 30 %, is associated with increased fasting plasma glucose and T2DM. Due to treatment of, among other things, insomnia, the use of melatonin is increasing rapidly in Denmark with a 100-fold increase from 2007-2012 in children and adolescents. No previous studies have thoroughly assessed changes in glucose and fatty acid metabolism after 3 months of melatonin treatment in patients with T2DM.
Double blinded, randomized, placebo controlled preliminary pilot exploratory investigation into the effects of brown seaweed extract supplementation, on fasting blood Insulin, fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, blood inflammatory markers and tolerance in healthy overweight adults.
This study evaluates the effect of phosphorus supplementation on the human metabolome. The investigators will do so by conducting a cross-over study in healthy adults consuming a study diet (normal diet supplemented by neutral sodium phosphorus, 1 gram/day) for seven days and a control diet (normal diet supplemented by sodium and potassium chloride only) for seven days with a 28 day wash-out period in between. Untargeted metabolomic analyses will be done in serum samples obtained at the end of each diet period.
Individuals with pre-diabetes or diabetes would benefit from low impact methods that would improve their insulin sensitivity and aid in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Physical activity helps the body decrease its insulin resistance and burn excess sugar. Many diabetics also suffer from obesity and specific forms or durations of physical exercise may not be viable options for these individuals. Determining whether short bursts of moderate exercise improve blood glucose levels in healthy humans may identify a further method for diabetics to improve their glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study is to determine the most effective moderate exercise that can be completed in 3 minutes and its effectiveness on improving glucose handling, in response to a single day of standardized high-fat and high-carbohydrate feeding in comparison to periods of prolonged sitting.
This randomized, crossover study will include four clinic visits: one screening (day -7) and three test visits (days 0, 2, 4). The objective of this study is to assess the effects of dietary fiber-containing bars, at two doses of fiber, compared to a control product, on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in healthy adult men and women.
This study examine oral bisphenol A consumption on muscle insulin sensitivity and hepatic glucose suppression. Half of the participants will receive a diet plus BPA and the other half will receive a diet plus no bisphenol A.
To examine the differential effect of camel and cow milk on the physiological response, to a liquid mixed-meal challenge, in people with normal glucose tolerance
The objective of this study is to assess whether intake of baked and then chilled potatoes over a 24-h period, compared to intake of isocaloric, carbohydrate (CHO)-matched foods low in fiber and resistant starch (RS), will increase insulin sensitivity, breath hydrogen and satiety, and decrease hunger and free fatty acid (FFA) levels in overweight or obese men and women at risk for metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus.