View clinical trials related to Infectious Diseases.
Filter by:This study is a multi-site trial assessing the sensitivity of DENV Detect™ NS1 ELISA versus standard reference tests (e.g. PCR or viral culture) for dengue diagnosis in the US and internationally. The DENV Detect™ NS1 ELISA serves as an aid in the clinical laboratory diagnosis of early stages of Dengue infection in patients with clinical symptoms consistent with Dengue infection. This test is intended to be used on sera obtained within the first 7 days of symptoms. DENV Detect™ NS1 ELISA results (positive or negative) must be confirmed by testing with a reference standard test. Subjects will be patients who present with symptoms consistent with dengue infection, such as fever and myalgia. After informed consent is obtained and the subject is screened for eligibility, 2 diagnostic samples will be collected. The first will be collected within the first 7 days of symptoms onset, and the second will be collected at least 7 days later, between the 10th and 21st days post-onset of symptoms. ELISA and reference tests will be performed by different operators who are laboratory staff members. These staff members, blinded to each other's results, will evaluate the samples from each method independently.
This study seeks to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of Factive 200mg Intravenous Formulation (Gemifloxacin 200mg) with those of Factive 320mg Tablet Formulation (Gemifloxacin 320mg) and to explore possibility of clinical use of the IV formulation.
The goal is to improve the evidence-based management of fever cases seen in outpatient clinics in malaria endemic countries, through a better understanding of the value of accurate malaria diagnosis, and through an improved understanding of the other causes of fever in children. The objective is to describe systematically (as much as possible) the etiologies of fever in children in an urban and in a rural environment of sub-Saharan Africa.
Currently there are few options for skin antisepsis, commercially antiseptic triclosan is mainly used. To have more options, this study is necessary, where investigators will determine the residual effect of 2% chlorhexidine in 70% isopropyl alcohol and 1% triclosan in 70% isopropyl alcohol and choose the one with the best characteristics for skin antisepsis.
This is a retrospective, multicentre, observational study to assess the trends in antibiotic utilization and hospital ecology with respect to susceptibility patterns of selected bacterial isolates to the utilized antibiotics.
The purpose of this study is to determinate if 70% isopropyl alcohol is not inferior preventing contamination of peripheral hemocultures, compared with 2% chlorhexidine in 70% isopropyl alcohol.
The physicians have few options for skin antisepsis. Alternatives for common use antiseptics are costly or ineffective. In order to have more options, this study is needed. The investigators want to know if there are differences between the use of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol or 10% sodium hypochlorite.
Hypotheses and Specific Aims: The continued emergence of antibiotic-resistance in the outpatient setting underlines the need to responsibly manage antimicrobial prescribing. It is in this context that we seek to test an effective strategy for reducing the inappropriate use of antibiotics in primary care office practices. Our overall objective is to identify an effective and efficient strategy for decreasing the contribution of primary care clinicians to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the community and to disseminate widely those strategies found to be effective and sustainable. We hypothesize that implementation of a clinician decision support system, with an active education component, will reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics in primary care office practices. Our hypothesis is based on the premise that most inappropriate prescribing is the result of multiple factors that include difficulty in distinguishing a benign, self-limited viral infection from a more serious bacterial infection; overdiagnosis of a bacterial infection in cases where there is clinical uncertainty as to the true nature of the illness; and constraints on the time available for clinicians to explain to patients the nature of the illness and the reasons an antibiotic is not indicated. The focus of this proposal will be to compare the impact of clinical decision support and active education to no intervention for enhancing the appropriate use of antimicrobials for common outpatient infections. In this randomized control trial, primary care providers participating in the intervention arm will receive active education coupled with the implementation of a clinical decision support tool, while providers in the control arm will have no intervention. At the end of the study, providers in the control arm will receive a thorough analysis of their antibiotic prescribing patterns and suggested opportunities for improvement, as well as access to the intervention tools once the study has ended. Our interdisciplinary team will integrate novel methods in implementation science with clinical and laboratory expertise in infectious diseases, antimicrobial stewardship, primary care, information technology, performance improvement, health services research, and biostatistics. The Specific Aims are constructed to validate our hypothesis in the primary care setting by demonstrating two results of our intervention strategy: 1. Reduced use of antibiotics to treat conditions for which those drugs are known not to be effective 2. Decreased prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat common bacterial infections. The degree of impact in terms of prescriptions per 100 visits for each targeted outpatient infection will be compared with active education and clinical decision support versus no intervention. The study will be able to measure the value of clinical decision support with active education that will inform future efforts in disseminating outpatient antibiotic stewardship interventions.
This single-center, randomized, double-blind and controlled study aims to examine the effect of a fermented dairy product containing the probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 (Actimel® = tested product) on the incidence of respiratory and gastro-intestinal common infectious diseases (cumulated number of infections during the intervention period: primary criteria), and on immune functions in healthy shift workers. Volunteers received either 200g/day of tested product (N=500) or control product (N=500) for 3-months, followed by a 1-month follow-up.
The purpose of this study is to assess if a therapy with intravenous and oral moxifloxacin is as effective as a therapy with intravenous and oral amoxicilline/clavulanate in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infection.