View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:Acute head and neck infections cause significant pain and discomfort for patients and impact on their quality of life. Effective antibiotic and surgical treatments have been developed for these infections but they are still able to develop into life-threatening diseases such as meningitis and sepsis. The direct cause of acute head and neck infections is often unknown but it has been suggested that they are due to a disturbance of the normal bacterial growing in the mouth or are from dental origin. The most common microorganisms identified from these infections in published studies are a group of bacteria known as viridans group streptococci (VGS). There are over 30 individual species of bacteria in the viridans group and VGS are difficult to identify to the level of a single species because of their variability. There is a lack of species identification within the hospital setting and this project aims to gain a deeper understanding of the microorganisms causing acute head and neck infections, focusing on identification of individual species of VGS bacteria. The investigators will analyse bacterial DNA to determine which species have been identified and will also look at patient data and clinical outcomes (eg. length of hospital stay) to determine if the species causing the infection has any effect on patients.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of main complication in surgery. It usually occurs within 30 days post operation. The superficial SSI is an infection of skin and subcutaneous layer, clinically presented by pus oozing. Furthermore, seroma hematoma and wound dehiscence are also clinical signs of superficial SSI. Nowadays, there are studies which report methods reducing SSI by placing negative pressure drain within surgical wound. It can reduce serum in subcutaneous layer which is found in every surgical wound, especially in clean-contaminated and contaminated wound. Many studies show that placing negative pressure drainage within a surgical wound can reduce superficial SSI and decrease hospital length of stay by comparing with the control group. The objective in this study to compare the rate of SSI of clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds between the patients whose wounds are placed with negative pressure drainage and patients who were not placed with negative pressure drainage.
The investigators overall aim of this study is to determine the difference in 6-month infection rates in patients treated with the combined vancomycin and tobramycin (VT) powder compared to the standard of care (SC). In order to evaluate this objective, the investigators propose the following specific aims for the pilot study: Specific Aim 1: Assess VT and SC patient enrollment, randomization and early clinical follow-up. Hypothesis: This study will successfully enroll and randomize 50 patients, 25 into each treatment group and will achieve 85% clinical follow-up at 6-months post-ED admission date. Open fracture patients/families that meet study inclusion/exclusion criteria will be approached by a study team member for informed consent. After providing consent, patients will be appropriately randomized to either VT or SC treatment. Patients will be clinically followed at regular intervals up to 6 months post-surgery. Enrollment, appropriate randomization and surgical allocation, and clinical follow-up will be evaluated. Specific Aim 2: Compare infection rates, cultures and patient characteristics between groups. Hypothesis: VT will have a lower infection rate than the SC group. Additionally, randomization will create an equal distribution of patient demographics as well as fracture severity and soft tissue damage, as classified by the Gustilo-Anderson Classification System (GA). Specific Aim 3: Compare local wound healing and fracture healing between VT group and SC group. Hypothesis: VT will have less rates of wound healing complications due to decreased infections. No local wound irritation or wound closure issues will be seen between groups. There will be no difference in fracture healing between groups.
This randomized controlled trial evaluates the efficacy of couples HIV testing and counseling retesting. Eligible couples previously enrolled in NCT05000866 are invited to participate. Those who do are randomized to either couples HIV testing and counseling (CHTC) retesting or an individual HIV testing control. Follow-ups occur 3 and 6 months post intervention.
The goal of this interventional study is to test if a discharge stewardship bundle is effective at reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions at hospital discharge for children with the three common infections: community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), urinary tract infections (UTI), and skin/soft tissue infections (SSTI). The goals of this study are: - To develop, locally adapt, and implement a discharge stewardship intervention across four geographically diverse children's hospitals. - To measure the impact of the discharge stewardship intervention on antibiotic prescribing and patient outcome for three common pediatric infections. Families who are enrolled in the study will be asked to: - complete a one question wellness track on days 3, 7, and 21 after hospital discharge - complete a brief survey on days 7 and 21 after hospital discharge The study team will conduct interviews with the hospitalists at each of the four participating hospitals to create a "discharge stewardship" bundle. Once the bundle intervention is implemented, the hospitalists will be asked to follow prescribing guidelines for CAP, UTI, and SSTI. They will receive regular group-level feedback reports to show how well they follow the guidelines and motivate the hospitalists to follow the guidelines better.
The study will be a multicenter, hospital-based retrospective study. We plan to collect the clinical and laboratory data among all hospitalized ARTI cases in three hospitals in Wuhan from June 1, 2020 to May 31, 2023 and then analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of RSV infection, clarify the gene types of epidemics under 5 years old children after the outbreak in Wuhan, China.
The use of titanium dental implants has become a common modern treatment to restore teeth. Although the success rate of dental implants is high, inflammation around the dental implant still occurs. The current study will investigate if the inflammation around the implant is due to bacterial infection, hypersensitivity or both. The goal of this cross-sectional study is to (1) Establish the levels of cytokines in peri-implant crevicular fluid associated with bacterial infection and hypersensitivity reaction; (2) Compare the levels of cytokines associated with hypersensitivity and bacterial infection between healthy implants and inflamed implants (peri-mucositis and peri-implantitis); (3) Determine whether the difference in the levels of cytokines, if they exist, reflects the clinical diagnosis of healthy implants and inflamed implants.
The objective of this study is to understand the effects of HIV cure strategies on the virus and immune cells that reside within the gastrointestinal tract. Subjects receiving therapies with the potential for HIV cure will undergo a colonoscopy to obtain gastrointestinal tissue for research assays. This study will test whether receiving these therapies will induce changes in the immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the tissue-associated HIV viral levels.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate two different standard of care surgeries in treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Researchers are looking at differences in outcomes following single versus planned double debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for acutely infected total hip arthroplasty (THA), and total knee arthroplasties (TKAs).
Among postmenopausal women who suffer from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), vaginal estrogen therapy prevents UTI recurrences for 50% of sufferers. This research will investigate why some women benefit but others do not, focusing on (a) the effects of vaginal estrogen therapy on the bacteria that inhabit the vagina and bladder, (b) its influence on immune responses in both compartments, and (c) the extent to which those changes are critical to successful UTI prevention. The findings will be a first step in the development of more effective strategies to prevent UTI, one of the most common and costly benign urologic conditions.